Nutrition and HIV/AIDS: A Training Manual - Linkages Project

LECTURE NOTES 7: INFANT FEEDING AND PREVENTION OF MOTHER-TO-CHILD-TRANSMISSION OF HIV===============================================================Introduction (slide 2)By 2000 an estimated 5 million children had been infected by HIV. Increases in childdeaths of more than 100 percent are projected by 2010 in the most-affected regionsof the world (UNAIDS 2002). The Joint UN Programme on HIV/AIDS estimates thatabout 600,000 children under 15 years of age were newly infected in the 2000 alone.Ninety percent were infected through mother-to-child transmission (MTCT), and 90percent of the infections occurred in sub-Saharan Africa. In some sub-populations,more than 30 percent of pregnant women are HIV infected.Purpose (slides 3, 4)The purpose of this session is to provide students with knowledge and materialsnecessary to understand the concepts and latest research findings related to PMTCT,as well as programmatic experience and lessons learned for future application. Thesession:• Provides a comprehensive definition of MTCT, the scope and magnitude of theproblem, and associated issues• Presents a risk analysis for vertical transmission of HIV, including the LINKAGESrisk model• Summarizes the key research studies on MTCT and their policy andprogramming implications• Describes interventions to prevent MTCT and their relative efficacy, includingthe Ndola case study187