Nutrition and HIV/AIDS: A Training Manual - Linkages Project

Prevention-to-Care ContinuumInterventionsto Reduce MTCTPregnancy Labor and delivery Post-natal periodPrimarypreventionof HIV/AIDSin adultsCoreinterventionsto preventMTCTCare andsupport•Provide VCT•Provide primaryprevention•Prevent, monitor,treat STIs, malaria,other infections•Provide essential ANC,including nutritionsupport•Provide ARVs•Counsel on safer sex,partner involvement,infant feeding options,family planning, selfcare,preparing for thefuture•ARVs•Keep normal•Minimize invasiveprocedures:AROMEpisiotomySuctioning• Elective C-Section•Vaginal cleansing•Minimize infantexposure tomaternal fluids•Implement BFHI•Initiate early BF•Support exclusive BF•Prevent and treatbreastfeeding problemsOr If choice:• Support replacementfeeding•Provide care for thrushand oral lesions•Counsel oncomplementaryfeeding/early weaning• Provide ARVsSource: Piwoz 2001 (slide)Nutrition EssentialsNutrition Essentials, Cont.1. Promotion of optimal breastfeeding during thefirst 6 months2. Promotion of appropriate complementaryfeeding beginning at 6 months, with continuedbreastfeeding to 2 years and beyond3. Promotion of feeding of the child during andafter illness4. Prevention of vitamin A deficiency(breastfeeding, consumption of fortified andvitamin A-rich foods, maternal and childsupplementation 6-59 months)5. Prevention of anemia (maternal and child ironsupplementation, deworming, malaria control,consumption of fortified and iron-rich foods)6. Promotion of iodized salt consumption by allfamilies7. Promotion of improved women’s nutrition(increased food intake during pregnancy andlactation, iron and folic acid supplementation,treatment and prevention of malaria,deworming during pregnancy, post-partumvitamin A supplementation)VCT and MTCTInformed Choice• Confidentiality assured• Community sensitization and support• Health workers trained in MTCT• Counseling programs (peer counselors, healthand social workers)• Prevention messages included“HIV and breastfeeding policy supportsbreastfeeding for infants of womenwithout HIV infection or of unknownstatus and the right of a woman infectedwith HIV who is informed of her serostatusto choose an infant feedingstrategy based on full information aboutthe risks and benefits of eachalternative.”UNAIDS/WHO/UNICEF