Abai, MR

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6th International Congress of DipterologyLarval competition of Chrysomya megacephala and C.rufifacies (Diptera: Calliphoridae), and its implication forforensic entomologyShiao, S.-F. & T.-C. YehDepartment of Entomology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, TaiwanChrysomya megacephala and C. rufifacies are two dominant necrophagousspecies in Taiwan. Larvae of the latter can prey on other maggotsincluding that of their own species as facultative foods. This facultativecharacteristic of C. rufifacies enhances its competition strength to othermaggots, and could also change the situation of the other coexistedcolonies. In this study, these two species were colonized in the laboratory,and the main objective is trying to understand the effect of competition onthe development of larvae. According to our results, the intra-specificcompetition mostly occurred in competing for food; increasing the rearingdensity, larvae pupated earlier and resulted in lighter adult dry weight. Thetendencies are similar in both species, but C. megacephala could developsmaller viable adults and have higher survivorship under high density.Although C. rufifacies could use food resource by cannibalism, itssurvivorship is still low. On the other hand, under inter-specificcompetition, the 1st instar larvae of C. rufifacies will invade the maggotmass of C. megacephala to feed together. And the 3rd instar larvae of C.rufifacies could expel C. megacephala larvae from their foods by using thesurface fleshy protrusion, and the C. megacephala will be forced to pupateearlier by shortening their larval stages. Under mixed-specific rearing ofdifferent ratio, the larval duration of C. rufifacies increase as the ratioincreases, but this result did not appear in C. megacephala. In general,under mixed-specific rearing in different temperatures and densities, bothspecies decreased the larval duration, adult dry weight and the survivorship.However, our results did not agree with the previous studies, and wesuspect the difference is probably caused by the different experimentaldesigns. Duration of the larval stages of both species would decrease up to54 hrs in the single-specific rearing when food is limited. The effects onthe larval duration by inter-specific competition were mainly happened on226
6th International Congress of Dipterologythe 3rd instars and the postfeeding larvae of C. megacephala and on the2nd instars of C. rufifacies. The largest reduced amount, ca. 25 hrs in C.megacephala and 34 hrs in C. rufifacies, of larval duration is caused byinter-specific competition under high larval density. In conclusion,competition decreased the larval duration of these two species up to 2 days;and this also draw the attention to justify the PMI estimation by usinglarval developmental data when larval competition is existed.Key Words: forensic entomology, Calliphoridae, larval competition,postmortem interval∗∗∗∗∗∗∗∗∗∗227
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Abai, MR

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