Abai, MR

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6th International Congress of DipterologyScreening of natural medicines used in Vietnam forlarvicidal activities against Aedes albopictus (Diptera:Culicidae) and Paratanytarsus grimmii (Diptera:Chironomidae) Part 2Uchiyama, N. (1), S. Kondo (2), T. Konishi (1), M. Ito (3), G. Honda (3) & T. K. Qui (4)(1) Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Doshisha Women’s College of Liberal Arts,Kyoto 610-0395, Japan(2) Department of Parasitology, School of Medicine, Aichi Medical University, Aichi,480-1195, Japan(3) Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501,Japan(4) Research Center for Applied Chemistry, Vietnam National University; Ho Chi MinCity, VietnamInsect vectors, especially mosquitoes are responsible for spreadingserious human diseases like malaria, Japanese encephalitis and denguefever, and Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) act as a vector for denguevirus. We screened acetone extracts of 34 natural medicines used inVietnam for their larvicidal activities against target species Ae. albopictusand non-target species Paratanytarsus grimmii (Diptera: Chironomidae) ata concentration of 1 mg/ml within 2 days. As the result, the extracts ofAdenosma caeruleum R. Br. (Scrophulariaceae), Mentha arvensis L.(Labiatae), Zingiber officinale Rosc. (Zingiberaceae) and Pogostemoncablin (Blanco) Benth. (Labiatae) showed high mortalities againstmosquito larvae at a concentration of 250 µg/ml. In particular, the extractof M. arvensis still showed high larvicidal effect at a concentration of 100µg/ml 1) . Next, we tested major constituents of M. arvensis and Z. officinale,i.e. menthol, menthone, gingerol and shogaol, for their larvicidal activitiesagainst mosquito larvae. The LC 50s of these compounds were 155.23 µg/ml,291.72 µg/ml, 133.98 µg/ml and 41.45 µg/ml, respectively. Shogaolexhibited 56% of mortality against mosquito larvae, however it showedperfect mortality against chironomid larvae at a same concentration of 50µg/ml.278
6th International Congress of DipterologyFurthermore, other acetone extracts of 19 natural medicines used inVietnam were tested for their larvicidal activities against mosquito andchironomid larvae. Larvicidal activities were clearly found in the acetoneextracts of 7 natural medicines, i.e. Chenopodium ambrosioides L.(Chenopodiaceae), Sophora flavescens Ait. (Leguminosae), Prunusarmeniaca L. (Rosaceae), Orthosiphon stamineus Benth. (Labiatae),Notopterygium incisum Ting (Umbelliferae), Erythrina indica Lam.(Leguminosae) and Oldenlandia corymbosa L. (Rubiaceae) againstmosquito larvae. Especially, the extracts of O. stamineus exhibited 64% ofmortality against mosquito larvae at a concentration of 100 µg/ml, while itshowed only 4.8% of mortality against chironomid larvae at aconcentration of 500 µg/ml.1) N. Uchiyama et al., International Conference on Biodiversity of Insects:Challenging Issues in Management and Conservation (BIMC, 2006), India.Key Words: Vietnam, natural medicine, larvicidal activity, Aedesalbopictus, Paratanytarsus grimmii∗∗∗∗∗∗∗∗∗∗279
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Abai, MR

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