Abai, MR

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6th International Congress of DipterologyKey Words: Chironomidae, Polypedilum, Tripodura, Iriomote island,Japan∗∗∗∗∗∗∗∗∗∗Importance of Culicoides biting midges as vectors for bovinearboviruses in JapanYanase, T. (1), T. Kato (1), M. Yamakawa (1) & T. Tsuda (1)(1) Kyushu Research Station, National Institute of Animal Health, Chuzan Kagoshima891-0105The genus Culicoides belongs to the family Ceratopogonidae andincludes species that suck blood from mammals and fowls. SeveralCulicoides species transmit variety of virus, protozoa and nematode,including important pathogens in medical and veterinary fields.In southern Japan, outbreaks of bovine congenital malformation causedby infection with Akabane, Aino (the genus Orthbunyavirus: the familyBunyaviridae) and Chuzan (the genus Orbivirus: the family Reoviridae)viruses have been reported frequently. Febrile illness in cattle, which iscaused by infection of Ibaraki (the genus Orbivirus) virus, is known tooccur at 5-10 years interval. The beef and dairy industries have beengreatly affected by these diseases in this region. It is considered that theseviruses are arthropod-borne (arbo-) viruses which are mainly transmittedby Culicoides biting midges.To determine possible vector species involved in the epidemic,entomological surveillance for bovine arboviruses has been conducted inKagoshima, located in the most southern part of the main islands of Japansince 1985. Culicoides biting midges were collected in a cowshed by lighttraps and were tested for virus isolation. Overall, 85 isolates of sixdifferent viruses, Akabane, Aino, Chuzan, D’Aguliar (the genus Orbivirus),Ibaraki and one unclassified viruses, were obtained from the collectedmidges. Of 13 collected species, the viruses were most frequently isolated316
6th International Congress of Dipterologyfrom Culicoides oxystoma, indicating that this species is a potential vectorof bovine arboviruses in this region. Another collection of Culicoidesbiting midges was carried out in Okinawa, which extends southwestwardfrom the main islands, between 2001 and 2004. A strain of Bluetonguevirus (the genus Orbivirus) was isolated from C. brevitarsis which isincriminated as a vector species of bovine arboviruses in Australia. Thesestudies will improve to elucidate the role of Culicoides biting midges in thetransmission of bovine arboviruses in Japan.Key Words: Culicoides, Ceratopogonidae, biting midges, arbovirus, voctor∗∗∗∗∗∗∗∗∗∗317
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Abai, MR

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