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6 Enhancing Rural Farmer Income through Fish Production127agriculture. CBF also is an environmentally friendly activity, as apart from stocking,there is little or no manipulation of the environment.In the wake of increasing constraints on water resources use of existing smallwater bodies, CBF is gradually accepted as a significant strategy for increasing fishproduction, particularly benefitting rural communities, to augment their nutritionstatus, income generation and social well being. The environmentally friendlynature of CBF activities and the minimal capital investments needed are majoradvantages to further its adoption by rural communities. It is in the above-mentionedcontext that those developing nations that have begun to adopt this practiceas a means of increasing fish production are witnessing an increasing degree ofadoption of CBF by rural communities, and needless to say, a gradually evolvingsuccess story in aquaculture.Acknowledgments We acknowledge the cooperation of IISD and NACA for preparing thischapter. Mr. M.G. Kularatne assisted in the preparation of Fig. 6.2 of this chapter and providedunpublished information on socioeconomics of CBF in Sri Lanka. We are thankful to Dr. D.E.M.Weerakoon, Director General of National Aquaculture Development Authority of Sri Lanka(NAQDA), for providing data on the operation of community-based mini-nurseries. Ms. J.M.Asoka provided the CBF data that she has collected for her postgraduate research.ReferencesAmarasinghe, U.S. 1992. Recent trends in the inland fishery of Sri Lanka, 84–105. In FAOFisheries Report No. 458 , ed. Baluyut, E.A. Rome: FAO, 281.Amarasinghe, U.S. 1998. Reservoir fisheries management in Sri Lanka: achievements, mistakesand lessons for future. International Review of Hydrobiology 83(Special Issue): 523–530.Anon. 1964. Administrative report of the director of fisheries for 1962–1963, 84. Colombo:Government Publication Bureau.Anon. 2000. Data book for village irrigation schemes of Sri Lanka . (23 volumes). Colombo:Department of Agrarian Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Lands.Brohier, R.L. 1934. Ancient irrigation works in Ceylon , vol. 1, 37. Colombo: Ceylon GovernmentPress.Brohier, R.L. 1937. Ancient irrigation works in Ceylon , vol. 2, 43. Colombo: Ceylon GovernmentPress.Carlson, R.E. 1977. A trophic state index for lakes. Limnology and Oceanography 22: 361–369.Chakrabarty, R.D. and R.A.D.B. Samaranayake. 1983. Fish culture in seasonal tanks in Sri Lanka.Journal of Inland fisheries 2: 125–140.Chandrasoma, J.K. and W.S.A.A.L. Kumarasiri. 1986. Observations on polyculture of fish inseasonal tanks in Sri Lanka. Journal of Inland Fisheries 3: 49–55.Costa, H.H., and P.K. de Silva. 1995. Limnological research and training in Sri Lanka: State of theart and future needs. In Limnology in developing countries , eds. Gopal, B., and R.G. Wetzel,vol. 1, 63–103. New Delhi: International Association for Limnology Publication, InternationalScientific Publication.Cowx, I.G. 1994. Stocking strategies. Fisheries Management and Ecology 1: 15–30.Cowx, I.G.,ed. 1998. Stocking and introduction of fish , 456. Oxford: Fishing News Books.Creech, S., L. Dassanayake, and J. Wijesinghe. 2002. Renowned justification for the promotion ofcarp aquaculture in seasonal minor irrigation tanks in Sri Lanka. Sri Lanka Journal of AquaticSciences 7: 23–34.
128 U.S. Amarasinghe and T.T.T. NguyenDe Alwis, L. 1983. Possibilities in inland fisheries for developing the peasant economy of the dryZone. Part II. Economic Review 8: 11–12.De Silva, K.H.G.M. 1991. The predicament of the freshwater fisheries and aquaculture of SriLanka. NAGA, The ICLARM Quarterly 14: 6–7.De Silva, S.S. 1988. Reservoirs of Sri Lanka and their fisheries. FAO Fisheries Technical Paper298: 128.De Silva, S.S. 2003. Culture-based fisheries: an under utilized opportunity in aquaculture development.Aquaculture 221: 221–243.De Silva, S.S. and U.S. Amarasinghe. 1996. Reservoir fisheries in Asia. In Perspectives in Asianfisheries – A volume to commemorate the 10th Anniversary of the Asian Fisheries Society , ed.S.S. De Silva, 189–216. Manila: Asian Fisheries Society.De Silva, S.S., U.S. Amarasinghe, and T.T.T. Nguyen. 2006. Better-practice approaches forculture-based fisheries development in Asia , 98. ACIAR Monograph No. 120. Bangkok:Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research, Canberra and Network ofAquaculture Centres in Asia-Pacific.FAO/UNDP. 1980. Strategy for development of aquaculture in Sri Lanka . Report of a planningmission, September–October 1980. ADCP/MR/81/15.Fernando, C.H. 1993. Impact of Sri Lankan reservoirs, their fisheries, management and conservation.In Ecology and landscape management in Sri Lanka , eds. Erdelen, W., C. Preu, N.Ishwaran, and C.M. Madduma Bandara, 351–374. Proceedings of the International andInterdisciplinary Symposium, 12–16 March 1990, Colombo, Sri Lanka. Weikersheim: MargrafScientific Books.Fernando, C.H. and W.B. Ellepola. 1969. A preliminary study of two village tanks (reservoirs) inthe Polonnaruwa area with biological notes on these reservoirs in Ceylon. Bulletin of FisheriesResearch Station , Ceylon 20: 3–13.Fernando, C.H. and M. Halwart. 2000. Possibilities for the integration of fish farming into irrigationsystems. Fisheries Management and Ecology 7: 45–54.Fernando, C.H. and H.H.A. Indrasena. 1969. The freshwater fisheries of Ceylon. Bulletin ofFisheries Research Station , Ceylon 20: 101–134.Indrasena, H.H.A. 1964. The development of fresh water fisheries in Ceylon. Proceedings of thesymposium on the development of Ceylon’s fisheries. Bulletin of Fisheries Research Station ,Ceylon 17: 287–289.Indrasena, H.H.A. 1965. Fresh water fishery resources. Bulletin of Fisheries Research Station ,Ceylon 18: 1–4.Jayasinghe, U.A.D. and U.S. Amarasinghe. 2007. Buffaloes in favour of culture-based fisheries inSri Lanka. Aquaculture Asia 12(3): 3–7.Jayasinghe, U.A.D., U.S. Amarasinghe, and S.S. De Silva. 2005. Trophic classification of nonperennialreservoirs utilized for the development of culture-based fisheries, Sri Lanka.International Reviews of Hydrobiology 90: 209–222.Jayasinghe, U.A.D., U.S. Amarasinghe, and S.S. De Silva. 2006. Culture-based fisheries in nonperennialreservoirs of Sri Lanka: Influence of reservoir morphometry and stocking density onyield. Fisheries Management and Ecology 13: 157–164.Jarchau, P., C. Lidzba, and S. Jayasekara. 2008. Feasibility assessment of fish farming in seasonalreservoirs: Packaging technical, social and financial aspects. In Participatory approaches toreservoir fisheries management: Issues, challenges and policies , ed. M.J.S. Wijeyaratne and U.S.Amarasinghe, 193–205. Colombo: Sri Lanka Association for Fisheries and Aquatic Resources.Kularatne, M.G., U.S. Amarasinghe, and S.S. De Silva. 2008. Influence of socioeconomic heterogeneityon culture-based fisheries in non-perennial reservoirs of Sri Lanka. In Participatoryapproaches to reservoir fisheries management: Issues, challenges and policies , ed. M.J.S.Wijeyaratne and U.S. Amarasinghe, 135–150. Colombo: Sri Lanka Association for Fisheriesand Aquatic Resources.Lorenzen, K. 1993. Assessment and management of South Asian small reservoir fisheries: A populationdynamic approach , 120. London: Marine Resources Assessment Group Ltd.
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Sena S. De SilvaF. Brian DavyEditor
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Sena S. De Silva ●EditorsF.Brian
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ForewordWorld aquaculture has grown
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PrefaceWe are moving into a turbule
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Prefaceix• Provide a direction fo
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Contents1 Aquaculture Successes in
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Chapter 1Aquaculture Successes in A
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1 Aquaculture Successes in Asia: Co
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Chapter 2Recent Developments in Ric
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2 Recent Developments in Rice-Fish
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Chapter 3Shrimp Farmers in India: E
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3 Shrimp Farmers in India: Empoweri
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50 N.R. Umesh et al.GoalSUSTAINABLE
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52 N.R. Umesh et al.• The optimum
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54 N.R. Umesh et al.in five states
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56 N.R. Umesh et al.3.5.2.4 Facilit
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58 N.R. Umesh et al.3.7 Opportuniti
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60 N.R. Umesh et al.with similar ou
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62 N.R. Umesh et al.• Knowledge a
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64 N.R. Umesh et al.helping small f
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66 N.R. Umesh et al.ReferencesFAO/N
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68 H. Kongkeo and F.B. DavyPlate 4.
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70 H. Kongkeo and F.B. DavyTable 4.
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74 H. Kongkeo and F.B. Davylack of
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Page 178 and 179: 168 B.O. Acosta and M.V. GuptaBox 8
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9 The Role of Exotics in Chinese In
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188 S.S. De Silva et al.part of an
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190 S.S. De Silva et al.Box 10.1 A
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192 S.S. De Silva et al.other appro
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194 S.S. De Silva et al.• Effecti
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196 S.S. De Silva et al.Table 10.1
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198 S.S. De Silva et al.• Institu
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ContributorsBelen O. Acosta , BSc F
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Contributors203become more relevant
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Contributors205research on physiolo
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IndexAAcosta, B., 155Agrarian Devel
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Indexalternate rice fish farming, 2
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IndexKKanna meeting, of FOs, 112Kul
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IndexSSchizothorax spp. (Asla), 91,
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