Success Stories In Asian Aquaculture - Library - Network of ...

1 Aquaculture Successes in Asia: Contributing to Sustained Development11Phase IPost 75Aquaculture development as a science:Recognized as significant potential contributorto animal protein suppliesBlue- revolution:Aqua-plosion??Phase II~75-80sAquaculture grows unabated; environmentaldegradation; makes its mark as significantcontributor to global food fish suppliesPhase III1990sEnvironmental concerns; all growth need toensure sustainability: linked to biodiversity -establish CBDPhase IVMid 1990s-2000sPhase V2010 & beyondEmergence of food safety issues; banning of useof antibiotics/ growth hormones etc.; HACCP;eco-labeling; certificationsCulture practices need to ensure minimalimpacts on biodiversity; an ecosystem approachto productionAquacultureresponds;adoption ofBMPs/ GAPsPhase VaProducts to Phase Va carry GHG emissionsShift to low trophic species?Fig. 1.8 A schematic representation of growth phases of modern aquaculture1.6.4 Public Perceptions on AquacultureAquaculture is a relatively new primary production sector from the viewpoint of itssignificant and important contribution to the human food basket. However, thisincreasing importance happened to occur when the world as a whole became consciousand realized that all developments, be it in the primary production sector orelsewhere, have to be sustainable and environmentally minimally perturbing, andhave to comply with increasing food quality and nutritional needs. Consequently,the sector has had to encounter much more stringent public, scrutiny and “policing.”The current scenario is such it is not only important that present day foodquality demands are met, but equal importance is being laid on the manner it wasproduced, including societal responsibility and equity.Many public groups reckon that aquaculture is unsustainable and environmentallydegrading (Naylor et al. 1998, 2000 ; Aldhous 2004 ; Allsopp et al. 2008) .However, most of these perceptions revolve around shrimp and salmonid aquaculture,two practices that contribute less than 10% to overall global production and invalue approximately 16%, and more often than not fail to consider its contributionas a food source, an avenue for providing millions of livelihood opportunities andcontributing to the national and global trade. The major objections to aquaculturedevelopment is based on excessive use of fish meal and fish oil in the feeds forshrimp and other cultured marine carnivorous species/species groups. It has beenshown that very significant proportions of the primary resource used for reduction