Success Stories In Asian Aquaculture - Library - Network of ...

More documents

Recommendations

Info

196 S.S. De Silva et al.Table 10.1 (continued)Generalized lessons learnt Example case study(ies) Implications for future planning aA changed set of incentives In Vietnam the Doi moi (“openingup”) macroeconomic policyplayed a major role in preparingthe policy ground for the rapidexpansion of catfish cultureCo-production of knowledgeamong partners and thenits packaging, sharing, andadaptationAdequate resources,particularly financial andhuman capacitiesSuccess equals resilience orpersistence over timeGood science was a criticalfeature in many successes.(maybe not all; e.g., inrice-fish China)Organizational changes oftentook place as part of theoverall change processBackyard hatcheries in Thailand,CBF in Sri LankaThe Viet Nam case is truly without historical precedence. This rapid change islikely to happen again. What cases might be next and what can be done inpreparation?Knowledge and its uptake by various audiences need more careful examinationincluding issues such as packaging for dissemination and adaptationAll External (often donor) funding/resources have been critically important toprovide more flexible resources to bring about change; it also seems toprovide increased internal recognition and increases the probability of changeSri Lanka, Nepal, and Thailandmaybe best illustrated in the longhistory of rice-fish systems ChinaGIFT case and Catfish seed productionin Vietnam; CBF in SL (wherechoice of reservoir, area for stocking,species densities, combinations etc.were all essential to success)Most cases have continued for 20 years or more (or several thousand yearsas in the integrated farming in China); resilience theory could be tested infollow-up research on such questionsEffective processes linking scientists to govt and farmers were essential. Againthis should be examined through the opportunity lens and the implication isthat these parties need to be part of various dialogue processesIndian and Sri Lankan cases NACSA in India and NAQDA in Sri Lanka were govt responses to some ofthese changes (opportunities) and represent one change used by variousgovt agencies. In both instances, the organizational changes, at the correctjuncture, have proved to facilitate successSuccess is contagious! Adoption of BMPs in shrimp farming inIndia is perhaps the best example ofthis trend. However, it is thought thatthis also is another more widespreadmeasure of success. If it is “goodothers want it and it spreads”Successes can be used to identify other opportunities to accelerate changeelsewhere. For example, the Shrimp farmer group concept developed in India,was later applied in Aceh, Indonesia. Given the uneven level of aquaculturedevelopment in the region, there still is considerable scope for expandedsharing and joint learning, while facilitating further private sector involvementneeds more explorationa For example, definition of practices that bear thinking about in the future and their possible use to speed up adaptation
10 Synthesis and Lessons Learned197to the latter and in the context of food production systems at large. Food productiondemands will have to increase in the future, but equally production systems willhave to face a more intensified level of competition among each other for naturalresources needs; all of these may push these systems into new dimensions ofsustainable development, which may well include green house gas emissions asa universal, consumer acceptable measure of efficacy of production.• Successful developments often seem to have two or more stages: an initial (andoften long) period of creating an “enabling environment” followed by rapidexpansion, once conditions (acquisition of the required knowledge base, recognitionand engagement of the appropriate socio-economic milieu , marketingaspects, relevant policy changes) become conducive. Part of the aim of thecurrent exercise is to help others shorten the initial “gestation stage,” and weforesee a number of new opportunities emerging in Asia, such as in deltaicregions (e.g., the Irrawady Delta, Myanmar).• The need to improve communication between sectors and levels of stakeholders:different specialist groups often speak a different “language,” do not partner, ormaybe are openly antagonistic. To attain success, and therefore, sustainability inthe sector, there will be a need to facilitate and evolve more effective communicationsystems among stakeholders, including planners and policy makers;drawing the latter groups into the early stages of discussion and developmentwill hopefully shorten the process considerably and make it more transparentand effective. Perhaps a “Wikipedia” approach to aquaculture is needed!• Role of social cohesion and farmer organizations – groups have often failed,particularly when these have been imposed “artificially” by external agencies.Groups are more successful when they form “organically or self organize”among people with common interests and/or problems, and/or for a commonpurpose: the old adage “a bottom up approach” is often more relevant and efficientthan a “top down” approach. Such an approach leads to the following:❍ Good governance required to sustain groups❍ Empowering individual farmers as well as the groups❍ Top is also important – to respond to and create policy change in favor of grassroots• Developments of robust but simple and easily transferable/adoptable productionsystems based on appropriate levels of technology that permit flexibility andadaptation to change are ingredients for success. Flexible production systemssuch as rice-fish culture allow farmers to adapt to changing socio-economicmilieux , but continue to remain economically viable.• New technology continues to be an important driver of success. The Vietnamcatfish case study demonstrates this well as this production system explodedonly after the development of the seed production (breeding and larval rearing)systems. A common factor in most of the case studies is that they were precededor enabled by a research input (either through public or private sector). However,it needs to be noted that initial development of aquaculture systems is oftendriven by farmer innovations, which however, is seldom acknowledged.
Page 1 and 2:
Sena S. De SilvaF. Brian DavyEditor
Page 3 and 4:
Sena S. De Silva ●EditorsF.Brian
Page 5 and 6:
ForewordWorld aquaculture has grown
Page 7 and 8:
PrefaceWe are moving into a turbule
Page 9 and 10:
Prefaceix• Provide a direction fo
Page 11 and 12:
Contents1 Aquaculture Successes in
Page 13 and 14:
Chapter 1Aquaculture Successes in A
Page 15 and 16:
1 Aquaculture Successes in Asia: Co
Page 17 and 18:
Page 19 and 20:
Page 21 and 22:
Page 23 and 24:
Page 25 and 26:
Page 27 and 28:
Chapter 2Recent Developments in Ric
Page 29 and 30:
2 Recent Developments in Rice-Fish
Page 31 and 32:
Page 33 and 34:
Page 35 and 36:
Page 37 and 38:
Page 39 and 40:
Page 41 and 42:
Page 43 and 44:
Page 45 and 46:
Page 47 and 48:
Page 49 and 50:
Page 51 and 52:
Page 53 and 54:
Chapter 3Shrimp Farmers in India: E
Page 55 and 56:
3 Shrimp Farmers in India: Empoweri
Page 57 and 58:
Page 59:
Page 62 and 63:
50 N.R. Umesh et al.GoalSUSTAINABLE
Page 64 and 65:
52 N.R. Umesh et al.• The optimum
Page 66 and 67:
54 N.R. Umesh et al.in five states
Page 68 and 69:
56 N.R. Umesh et al.3.5.2.4 Facilit
Page 70 and 71:
58 N.R. Umesh et al.3.7 Opportuniti
Page 72 and 73:
60 N.R. Umesh et al.with similar ou
Page 74 and 75:
62 N.R. Umesh et al.• Knowledge a
Page 76 and 77:
64 N.R. Umesh et al.helping small f
Page 78 and 79:
66 N.R. Umesh et al.ReferencesFAO/N
Page 80 and 81:
68 H. Kongkeo and F.B. DavyPlate 4.
Page 82 and 83:
70 H. Kongkeo and F.B. DavyTable 4.
Page 84 and 85:
72 H. Kongkeo and F.B. Davytrate th
Page 86 and 87:
74 H. Kongkeo and F.B. Davylack of
Page 88 and 89:
76 H. Kongkeo and F.B. Davyby incre
Page 90 and 91:
78 H. Kongkeo and F.B. Davysoil ana
Page 92 and 93:
80 H. Kongkeo and F.B. Davy• Deva
Page 94 and 95:
82 H. Kongkeo and F.B. DavyTable 4.
Page 96 and 97:
Chapter 5Cage Fish Culture: An Alte
Page 98 and 99:
5 Cage Fish Culture: An Alternative
Page 100 and 101:
Page 102 and 103:
Page 104 and 105:
Page 106 and 107:
Page 108 and 109:
Page 110 and 111:
Page 112 and 113:
Page 114 and 115:
Chapter 6Enhancing Rural Farmer Inc
Page 116 and 117:
6 Enhancing Rural Farmer Income thr
Page 118 and 119:
Page 120 and 121:
Page 122 and 123:
Page 124 and 125:
Page 126 and 127:
Page 128 and 129:
Page 130 and 131:
Page 132 and 133:
Page 134 and 135:
Page 136 and 137:
Page 138 and 139:
Page 140 and 141:
Page 142 and 143:
Chapter 7Striped Catfish Aquacultur
Page 144 and 145:
7 Striped Catfish Aquaculture in Vi
Page 146 and 147:
Page 148 and 149:
Page 150 and 151:
Page 152 and 153:
Page 154 and 155: 7 Striped Catfish Aquaculture in Vi
Page 160 and 161: 150 B.O. Acosta and M.V. Gupta8.1 I
Page 162 and 163: 152 B.O. Acosta and M.V. Gupta8.2 W
Page 164 and 165: 154 B.O. Acosta and M.V. GuptaCente
Page 166 and 167: 156 B.O. Acosta and M.V. GuptaPlate
Page 168 and 169: 158 B.O. Acosta and M.V. GuptaThe I
Page 170 and 171: 160 B.O. Acosta and M.V. Guptainto
Page 172 and 173: 162 B.O. Acosta and M.V. Gupta8.6.2
Page 174 and 175: 164 B.O. Acosta and M.V. GuptaIn Th
Page 176 and 177: 166 B.O. Acosta and M.V. Guptafarme
Page 178 and 179: 168 B.O. Acosta and M.V. GuptaBox 8
Page 180 and 181: 170 B.O. Acosta and M.V. GuptaFitzs
Page 182 and 183: Chapter 9The Role of Exotics in Chi
Page 184 and 185: 9 The Role of Exotics in Chinese In
Page 196 and 197: 188 S.S. De Silva et al.part of an
Page 198 and 199: 190 S.S. De Silva et al.Box 10.1 A
Page 200 and 201: 192 S.S. De Silva et al.other appro
Page 202 and 203: 194 S.S. De Silva et al.• Effecti
Page 206 and 207: 198 S.S. De Silva et al.• Institu
Page 208 and 209: ContributorsBelen O. Acosta , BSc F
Page 210 and 211: Contributors203become more relevant
Page 212 and 213: Contributors205research on physiolo
Page 214 and 215: IndexAAcosta, B., 155Agrarian Devel
Page 216 and 217: Indexalternate rice fish farming, 2
Page 218 and 219: IndexKKanna meeting, of FOs, 112Kul
Page 220 and 221: IndexSSchizothorax spp. (Asla), 91,
Page 222: Sena S. De SilvaF. Brian DavyEditor
show all

Success Stories In Asian Aquaculture - Library - Network of ...

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?