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4 Opportunities for development Figure 4.11 Policy Context Cotton ZIM NGOMA FT Coffee TZ TAHA C:AVA RUDI ZIM banana Senegal FoSHoL Value chain Producers In summary, in a continuum of cases that ranges from NGOMA to TAHA, most cases seem to converge towards the middle of this triangle. This suggests that they aim for some form of multi-level approach, striking a balance between the various actors in terms of interests and power. This goal is very similar to the goals of many export-oriented value chain projects, but the points of departure of the above cases are different for the commodity cases . The strategies employed are also different. What we see emerge from the consideration of the theoretical review and the case studies presented above is the need for a wider focus when considering food commodity markets. The strongly reductionist approach often adopted for niche or cash crop value chains is inadequate for the larger food commodity chains. The tools and approaches (see ‘recommendations’ section below) presented in this book can help deal with this complexity and assist the development of adequate policy tools that can help large numbers of small-scale farmers (rather than improving the position of a smaller 165
Regional Markets for Local Development group of large farmers, who are already well-connected and benefiting from the value chain). Understanding the challenges and working with smallholders in the framework of food commodity value chains can bring substantial benefits and can significantly contribute to achieving the goal of pro-poor development. Regional food commodity value chains for development This publication sought to examine the challenge of designing alternative agricultural value chains that meet sustainability goals in developing countries, particularly in Africa. We turned our attention to the neglected area of the study of regional (food) commodity value chains, contrasting them with export-oriented value chains, which have received so much attention over the years. This shift in focus towards regional (food) commodity value chains yielded additional questions regarding the impact on poor smallholders: • Are regional food commodity value chains systematically different from the export oriented value chains? • Do regional types of chains have a different impact on the dimensions we have identified, such as pro-poor development, gender, food security and others? • What do the specific benefits of food commodity value chains imply for the design of intervention strategies? Throughout the study—especially in the careful consideration of the case studies—we have examined the difference between the two value chain types, and sought to distill the main lessons which we have reflected upon and tried to translate into the following recommendations. Recommendations • The needs of smallholders—and women farmers in particular—can be and need to be at the centre of agricultural development policies and decision making. • Careful consideration of the situation on the ground is needed, in order to adequately understand the needs at farmer household level, even when an intervention is focusing on only one of the farms products (a cash crop). • Attention should be paid to capacity building, especially improved organisation of small-scale farmers, in order to address power imbalances between producers and processors and social/economic injustice and exploitation in the value chains. 166
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Editors: Fred Zaal, Jacqueline Slui
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Regional Markets for Local Developm
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Acknowledgements Acknowledgements F
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Foreword Bart de Steenhuijsen Piter
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Photo: ©FAO/Paballo Thekiso / FAO
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1 Introduction The challenge is to
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1 Introduction in this publication
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1 Introduction agro-related service
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1 Introduction is used). Market kno
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1 Introduction their borders to foo
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1 Introduction When individual valu
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2 Inclusion of smallholder farmers
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3 Cases Photo: ©FAO/Daniel Hayduk
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3 Cases RUDI empowers micro-small e
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3 Cases The last type is the larger
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3 Cases Transport The two main mode
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3 Cases Impact of the intervention
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3 Cases opportunities need to be co
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3 Cases Photo: Lora Forsythe 3.3 Ad
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3 Cases matter (e.g. dust) and—mo
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3 Cases the sun-dried HQCF VC. The
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3 Cases feedstock for processing in
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3 Cases (USD 39 to USD 46 per ton f
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3 Cases Photo: ©FAO/Simon Maina /
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3 Cases than 7,000 smallholders in
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3 Cases tices, productivity and qua
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3 Cases Infrastructure and governan
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3 Cases One unanticipated developme
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3 Cases Photo: ©FAO/Giampiero Dian
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3 Cases be secured at lower prices.
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3 Cases Figure 3.2 FoSHoL seed prod
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3 Cases secure some additional inco
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3 Cases Table 3.6 Cost and profit c
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3 Cases Photo: ©FAO/Daniel Hayduk
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3 Cases holder farmers are gathered
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3 Cases Table 3.7 Relative market s
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3 Cases On the consumer side, TAHA
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3 Cases Abbreviations EAC EURO FDI
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