Geoinformation for Disaster and Risk Management - ISPRS

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Volcanic ash measured by NASA-MODIS satellites November 24th 2006, at about 03:00 UTC, a paroxysmal event occurred with ash emission lasting about 14 hours (Andronico at al., 2009; Figure 4a). This event produced the largest volume of ash in the entire September-December eruptive period. On that day the wind was blowing from the N-NW direction. A change in wind direction caused the ash plume to move towards the city of Catania. The episode was recorded at 12:20 UTC by MODIS on board Aqua satellite (Figure 4b). The finest ash travelled more than 80km from the summit craters. The ash fallout caused the closure of Catania Airport. The pre-operative test went through the following steps: 1) The DPC requested activation of the EO volcanic ash product to project partners with an observation preformatted report. 2) Ingestion: after pre-processing, the MODIS data acquired from Telespazio through the Matera ground receiving station were automatically sent to INGV in near-real time. 80 3) Core process: INGV ran its scientific models and algorithms in order to derive the EO product. The Brightness Temperature Difference procedure with the atmospheric water vapour correction was applied to infrared MODIS channels to detect volcanic ash, discriminate it from meteorological clouds and identify the affected area. The retrieved mean ash optical thickness at 0.55n µ, the mean ash particle radius and the ash loading in the plume were derived to be 0.4, 3.5 µ and 3620 tons respectively. 4) Distribution: ACS developed an interactive web-interface (Figure 5a) linked to the main Web- GIS in the Crisis risk management phase. INGV created the preformatted observation report with the volcanic ash information on: area affected by volcanic ash, the volcanic plume dispersal direction; dimensions and altitude in the atmosphere and the volcanic ash loading (Figure 5b). The preformatted observation report was published in the Web-GIS via WMS standard protocol (Figure 6). Figure 4: Mt. Etna ash plume on 24 November 2006: a) picture taken 30 km from summit carters (photo courtesy of B. Behncke); b) MODIS data on Aqua RGB image. Total time processing was estimated to be less than 1 hour, after receiving MODIS data. The test end when the eruption terminated in late December. Figure 5: This image shows the report creation: a) Interactive web-interface where INGV insert the volcanic ash information; b) Web-published preformatted observation report.
Conclusions A Web-GIS developed separately for the Earthquakes and Volcanoes platforms has been developed according to end-users requirements. The EO products relating to the selected eruption occurring at Mt. Etna (Sicily) in 2001 have been integrated with the geophysical information derived from the ground network. The Web-GIS has been designed to supply specific information in a user-friendly and efficient way and to support Civil Protection in the decision process. During the 2006 Mt. Etna eruption we performed a successfully pre-operative test on the two phases. In the first phase, we tested the European Space Agency procedures to rapidly receive the EO data to obtain the ground surface deformation. In the second phase characterized by paroxysmal events with volcanic ash emission, we tested the procedures to give relevant information on volcanic ash to DPC to support their decision making process. This test does not address the precise location of events for prevention and mitigation purposes, but responds to the needs of decision-makers to better understand the situation and to identify vulnerable populations. The Preview project work and the pre-operative test is an example of successful collaboration between industry and a national body using results from the scientific community in a practical way the for the risk management. The work carried out will be further developed to an operational stage through the new project SAFER funded by the European Union in the FP7 framework. Figure 6: This image shows the Web-GIS portal in Crisis section with the selected volcanic ash EO product. In left bottom is marked the availability of the observation report. 81
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Joint Board of Geospatial Informati
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Preface Each year, disasters arisin
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Introduction National governments,
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Chapter 6, 7, 8 and 9 demonstrate s
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Table of Contents Preface by UN Off
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TIntroduction Global Disaster Alert
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Three ingredients for success Multi
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Example 2009 Typhoons in South-East
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NIntroduction Flood Mapping in Supp
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The aforementioned data belongs to
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Dissemination Dissemination process
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Detection and Monitoring of Wildfir
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Active Fire Products with Fire Radi
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In-Orbit Verification of On-board F
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Up-to-date thematic and baseline sp
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22 Data Details Relevance to disast
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The Benefit of High Resolution Aeri
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Delays, due to security clearance a
Page 43 and 44: Determination of the benefit of use
Page 45 and 46: Earthquake damage assessment using
Page 47 and 48: Available remotely sensed data Time
Page 49 and 50: priority. The updated large scale r
Page 51: Discussion and conclusions The Hait
Page 54 and 55: The characteristics of the earthqua
Page 56 and 57: Image acquisition Within two hours
Page 58 and 59: Map making All the map products wer
Page 60 and 61: Dust, smoke, and human health There
Page 62 and 63: Improvements in model performance w
Page 64 and 65: Daily PM2.5 concentrations from Apr
Page 66 and 67: Refugees and IDPs live in widely va
Page 68 and 69: processing chains to finally derive
Page 70 and 71: Environmental impact assessment The
Page 72 and 73: (Grimm et al., 2008; Kerle and Alke
Page 74 and 75: Command and information chain The c
Page 76 and 77: Accomplishments and limitations The
Page 78 and 79: Satellite based positioning techniq
Page 80 and 81: Communication component Widespread
Page 82 and 83: 68 Figure 6: Variations of the hori
Page 84 and 85: Conclusion The LC PDGNSS NRTP appro
Page 86 and 87: Kronos Kronos is an information sys
Page 88 and 89: Kronos at Thessaloniki Metro Projec
Page 91 and 92: AIntroduction Volcanic Risk Managem
Page 93: Mt. Etna 2006 eruption Mt. Etna (33
Page 98 and 99: and donor countries. For SAIs of af
Page 100 and 101: Check for compliance with risk regu
Page 103 and 104: Population Estimation for Megacitie
Page 105 and 106: Tiered conceptual framework for pop
Page 107 and 108: Remote sensing and advanced technol
Page 109 and 110: GIS for Emergency Management DIntro
Page 111 and 112: Case Study: GIS Enhances China Reli
Page 113 and 114: REFERENCES Adams, B.J., Huyck, C.K.
Page 115 and 116: Kranz O., Lang S., Tiede D., Zeug G
Page 117 and 118: Support from Space: The United Nati
Page 119 and 120: What UN-SPIDER is doing - Its Tools
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Page 123 and 124: The Knowledge Base provides guides
Page 125 and 126: An exemplary case: The African Sub-
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Page 129 and 130: Global Spatial Data Infrastructure
Page 131 and 132: GSDI Aspirations The GSDI Associati
Page 133 and 134: TWhat is Geodesy? The International
Page 135 and 136: Global Navigation Satellite Systems
Page 137 and 138: The International Cartographic Asso
Page 139 and 140: Understanding between the United Na
Page 141 and 142: The International Federation of Sur
Page 143 and 144: FIG approach to natural disaster pr
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T The Map Trade Association (IMTA)
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Hurricane Katrina Hurricane Katrina
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The International Society for Photo
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Activities of the ISPRS WG IV/8: 3D
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JBGIS Members and Sponsors 139
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IMPORTANT EXTERNAL PARTNERSHIPS The
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Geoinformation for Disaster and Risk Management - ISPRS

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