History of Islam Vol 3 of 3 by Akbar Shah Najeebabadi

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184 The History of Islam his creed regarding the attributes of Allah was a mixture of Ashairah, Sheiates and Philosphers. He could speak Arabic fluently and the Berber language was his mother tongue. In 515 A.H. he returned to his motherland and plunged heart and soul into preaching to his countrymen. Declaring Himself as Imam Mahdi He claimed for himself the status of Imam Mahdi and formed various classes of his followers. He called the first as Muhajirin and the second Muminin. There were seven or eight classes in total. When the number under the command of Abdul Mumin and asked him to wage a war against the Almoravid Rule. In the first encounter Abdul Mumin's Army was defeated and of his followers increased he brought them later due to a power struggle among the Almoravids it gave them a hold over a considerable part of Morocco. Ibn Tumart had started military activities in 517 A.H. and died in 524 A.H. after 7 years of hectic military activity. He appointed Abdul Mumin as his successor with the title of "Amir al-Muminin'. By this time Ibn Tumart's dynasty had become a formidable power and a rival of the Almoravids. Abdul Mumin At the same time, Abdul Mumin, a man from the Berbers came to him and joined his circle of disciples. In his thoughts and feelings he was very much like Ibn Tumart. The ruler of the country showed dislike for Tumart's thoughts and activities and decided to do away with him. However, Ali bin Yusuf stood in the way and argued that he saw no reason for his elimination. Following the insistence of the Muslim jurists, he was expelled from Morocco. Ibn Tumart set up his headquarters in the High Atlas Mountains and shifted there with his followers. A large number of Berbers came and joined his camp. name was Ali who belonged to Kaumia Clan among the His father's Berbers of Mauritania. He was bom in 487 A.H. Shortly after the demise of Ali bin Yusuf bin Tashqain in 537 A.H. the whole of Morocco came under the sway of Abdul Mumin. Since the main message of the teachings was belief in the perfect oneness of God his followers came to be called Mowahads [(from the Arabic root of the
Almohads (Al-Mowahad) Rule in Spain 185 word one* wahid) those who believe in perfect oneness, the name was corrupted to be Almohads by orientalist scholars and remains in form in the western history books until today, we continue to use this this corrupted name in this volume for the sake of easy reference for the reader./ Abdul Mumin's Conquest of Spain After taking charge of Morocco Abdul Mumin sent General Abu Imran Musa bin Sayeed to Spain in 536 A.H. He first conquered Tarifa. He then marched to Saltes and Seville and then brought Cordova under his control. In 541 A.H., Abdul Mumin decided to come to Spain but the news of uprisings on his eastern borders stopped him. However, he sent his sons to Spain. Thus Abu Sayeed bin Abdul Mumin won Al?ira and Cordova fell to Yahya bin Maimun, a general of Abdul Mumin, in 545 A.H. Abdul Mumin laid the foundation for the city of Rabat (camp or outpost) and named it AI- Fath (Victory), this is the present day capital of Morocco. It was there that the that he quartered troops for the jihad on Spain. Abdul Mumin crossed Strait of Gibraltar and made inroads into Spain. It was from there the chiefs and rulers of a number of territories thronged to extend their loyalty to him. Thus the flag of Islam fluttered over Spain. In 555 A.H. Abdul Mumin appointed his son, Abu Sayeed, the Muslim Spain. However, Abu Governor of Granada and viceroy of Sayeed had to go to Morocco in response to a call from his father. During his absence, a man, Ibrahim by name, captured Granada and declared his independent rule. Abu Sayeed proceeded to Spain along with his brother Abu Hafs. Ibrahim came out with his troops and gave a fierce battle, which resulted in the defeat of Abu Sayeed and the death of Abu Hafs. Abu Sayeed took refuge in Malaga. He kept his hope intact and built a large army to avenge his defeat. Abdul Mumin dispatched his third son Abu Yaqub and General Abu Yusuf bin Sulaiman to assist Abu Sayeed. The Almohads became victorious after extensive bloodshed. Ibrahim conceded defeat and sought forgiveness, which was granted. After winning peace all around Abdul Mumin began to build a huge army to advance further into European territories. At last he was able to raise 5 hundred thousand fighters
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The History of ISLAM 5V Volume Thre
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ALL RIGHTS RESERVED • &jh*t** £*
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In the Name of Allah the Most Benef
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6 The History of Islam In this seco
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8 The History of Islam The First St
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10 The History of Islam Chapter »
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— The History of Islam Accession
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14 The History of Islam Musta'in Bi
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16 King Muhammad Sultan Yusuf Sulta
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18 The History of Islam Death of Az
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20 The History of Islam Cowardice O
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22 The History of Islam The Battle
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24 The History of Islam Two big riv
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26 The History of Islam effects on
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28 The History of Islam to Ceuta, i
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Chapter 2 Islamic Rule In Spain The
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Islamic Rule In Spain 33 Tariq bin
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Islamic Rule In Spain 35 Musa bin N
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iciamicRule In Spain considered as
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Chapter 3 Rulers of Spain Abdul Azi
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Rulers of Spain 41 Abdul Aziz bin M
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Rulers of Spain 43 their capital wa
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Rulers of Spain 45 people became an
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Rulers of Spain 47 Uthman assassina
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Rulers of Spain 49 Utbah bin HajjaJ
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Rulers of Spain 51 Straits. Even th
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Rulers of Spain 53 Political Mistak
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Rulers of Spain 55 the French terri
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Rulers of Spain 57 Finally, Ibn Hat
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Rulers of Spain 59 eluded the Musli
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Chapter 4 The Spainish Caliphs Abdu
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The Spainish Caliphs 63 discovered
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The Spainish Caliphs 65 Rebellions
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The Spainish Caliphs 67 grandeur he
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The Spainish Caliphs 69 Rebels anni
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The Spainish Caliphs 71 powerful at
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The Spainish Caliphs 73 revolt repe
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The Spainish Caliphs 75 plains. Dur
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The Spainish Caliphs 77 all over hi
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The Spairtish Caliphs 79 to assess
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The Spainish Caliphs 81 Battle Ghal
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The Spain ish Caliphs 83 that the o
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The Spainish Caliphs 85 Madinah at
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The Spanish Caliphs 87 Governor of
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The Spainish Caliphs 89 friendship
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The Spainish Caliphs 91 Spain slipp
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The Spainish Caliphs 93 about them.
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The Spainish Caliphs 95 violent and
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The Spainish Caliphs 97 Disasters o
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The Spainish Caliphs 99 died before
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The Spainish Caliphs 101 with the r
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The Spainish Caliphs 103 Cordova. H
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The Spairtish Caliphs 105 movement
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The Spain ish Caliphs 107 Christian
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The Spainish Caliphs 109 was wheat-
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The Spainish Caliphs 111 people of
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The Spainish Caliphs 113 captured H
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The Spainish Caliphs 115 bounds of
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The Spainish Caliphs 117 The first
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The Spainish Caliphs 119 Condition
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The Spainish Caliphs 121 Children S
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124 The History of Islam Following
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i26 The History of Islam other chie
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128 The History of Islam The number
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130 The History of Abdur Rahman on
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Page 155 and 156: . The History of Islam Berbers were
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Page 167 and 168: State ofAnarchy 169 Mu'tamid bin Mu
Page 169 and 170: State of Anarchy 171 peace between
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Page 191 and 192: 194 The History of Islam Muhammad b
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Page 197 and 198: Granada 201 Waleed then hid one tho
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Page 201 and 202: Granada 205 Sultan Yuiuf HI Immedia
Page 203 and 204: Granada 207 pay annual tribute to t
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Page 207 and 208: Granada 211 the inexperienced Musli
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Page 211 and 212: Granada 215 End of Islamic Rule In
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Page 217 and 218: Chapter 12 Morocco and North Africa
Page 219 and 220: Morocco and North Africa 223 child
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Page 223 and 224: Morocco and North Africa 227 Battle
Page 225 and 226: Morocco and North Africa . 229 woul
Page 227 and 228: Morocco arid North Africa 231 the o
Page 229 and 230: Morocco and North Africa 233 Abul G
Page 231 and 232: Morocco and North Africa 235 End of
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238 The History of Islam with the I
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240 The History of Islam Ubaidullah
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242 The History of Islam insurgence
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244 The History of Islam had played
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246 The History of Islam from the s
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248 The History of Islam Ghalib had
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250 The History of Islam he refuse
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252 The History of Islam out to fig
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254 The History of Islam already be
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256 The History of Islam number of
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' Mm 258 The History of Islam Hasan
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5 and . 260 The History of Islam Mu
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262 The History of Islam Death of H
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264 The History of Islam the throne
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266 The History of Islam Consequenc
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268 The History of Islam Salahuddin
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Chapter 1 Qaramatians of Bahrain Ya
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Qaramatians of Bahrain ___ 273 The
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Qaramatians of Bahrain 275 Abu Mans
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and aligned with their historical e
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Se 280 The History of Islam and pat
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282 The History of Islam The Govern
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284 The History of Islam Those Assa
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286 The History of Islam have also
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288 The History of islam asked them
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290 The History of Islam Removal Of
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292 The History of Islam Interpreta
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294 The History of Islam treaty, Ta
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298 The History of Islam to Bukhara
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300 The History of lslam Ghazni and
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302 The History of Islam were Jar a
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304 The History of Islam Death Of G
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^ The History of Islam and to becom
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308 The History of Islam returned t
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310 The History of Islam and attack
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312 The History of Islam virtue of
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314 The History of Islam wearing co
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316 The History of Islam Gaykhatu K
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318 The History of Islam Syria once
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320 The History of Islam Assassinat
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322 The History of Islam take on th
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324 The History of Islam Khan. Thus
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326 The History of Islam through th
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328 The History of Islam earlier co
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330 The History of Islam luxury and
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332 The History of Islam subduing A
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^owever 334 The History of Islam Al
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336 The History of Islam had divide
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He 338 The History of Islam In the
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340 The History of Islam Seljuk Dyn
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342 The History of Islam Romans (pr
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344 The History of Islam with each
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346 The History of Islam Alauddin G
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348 The History of Islam Following
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350 The History of Islam post. He t
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Chapter 1 Brief Supplement Of The I
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Brief Supplement Of The Islamic His
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Brief Supplement Of The Islamic His
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' Brief Supplement Of The Islamic H
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Chapter 19 Ottoman Dynasty We have
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Ottoman Dynasty 363 out and the Mon
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Ottoman Dynasty 365 intrigues of hi
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Ottoman Dynasty 367 sword and girdl
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370 The History of Islam counted am
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372 The History of Islam fully awar
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374 The History of Islam them into
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376 The History of Islam found his
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378 The History of Islam was making
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380 The History of Islam battlefiel
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382 The History of Islam unable to
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384 The History of Islam (northwest
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386 preparations against commanders
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388 The History of Islam Being sati
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390 The History of Islam freshness
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392 The History of Islam superior n
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394 The Histon/ of Islam an iron ca
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396 The History of Islam During the
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398 The History of Islam Sultan Muh
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Ill The History of Islam Constantin
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402 The History of Islam all such t
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The 404 • History of Islam and th
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406 The History of Islam In the wak
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408 The History of Islam grown very
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410 The History of Islam In 852 A.H
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412 The History of Islam First of a
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414 The History of Islam cracks app
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416 The History of Islam kept pushi
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418 The History of Islam emissary m
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420 The History of Islam his force
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422 The History of Islam Iran and A
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^ 424 The History of Islam acceded
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426 The History of Islam conquest.
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428 The History of Islam the Madras
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Chapter 2 Civil Wars after Sultan t
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gvil Wars after Sultan the Conquero
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Civil Wars after Sultan the Conquer
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civ il Wars after Sultan the Conque
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Civil Wars after Sultan the Conq ue
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the Civil Wars after Sultan the Con
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History of Islam Vol 3 of 3 by Akbar Shah Najeebabadi

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