History of Islam Vol 3 of 3 by Akbar Shah Najeebabadi

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362 The History of Islam mind and spirit and learned Islamic manners. However, even amidst power and conquest they had not given up the love of pastoral life. Therefore, most of these tribes settled in the green postures and forests of Khorasan, Iran and other such countries. When the Mongols invaded Khorasan, the Oguz Turks of Khorasan shifted to Armenia and settled there. Their chief was Sulaiman Khan. He and his comrades were devout and true Muslims like the Seljuks. The courage, determination and his behavior with his people attracted many other Oguz Turks who were still unsettled and this added to his strength. It was the era of Genghezid invasions and plunder and every head of a family had to rely on his own strength and resources to withstand the onslaughts. In such a delicate situation, only their unity and solidarity could save them from utter destruction. Actually, Sulaiman Khan, by acting wisely and cautiously, not only added to his power and strength but also spared it for the future. The destruction of the Khwarizm Shah Dynasty provided him with an opportunity to make use of their men and materials for his own purpose. Three years before his demise, Genghis Khan sent a huge army in 621 A.H. to invade the Konya based Seljuks. Konya was then ruled over by Alauddin Kaiqbad Seljuk. It has already been mentioned that the Seljuks rulers of this Empire continuously fought with the Romans (Christians). Now, with the passage of time, this Empire showed weaknesses and decline. When Sulaiman Khan came to know that Alauddin Kaiqbad was targeted by the Mongols, he felt very sad for the Sultan who was a Believer while the Mongols were Unbelievers. Moreover, the Konya kingdom was constantly engaged in holy war against the Christians while the Mongols had devastated the world of Islam. Sulaiman Khan ordered his tribesmen to march ahead to join Alauddin and reinforce his army so that he could have an opportunity to be honored with martyrdom. Even though the actual number of Sulaiman's troops is not known, he sent his son Artughril at the head of 444 fighters as a vanguard. One of the strange things of history occurred on this occasion. These warriors in defense of faith were marching ahead from Armenia when, about the same time, a Mongol force appeared from another side to take on Alauddin Kaiqbad's troops. Now, as the battle between the Mongol and Seljuk forces broke
Ottoman Dynasty 363 out and the Mongols were about to gain the upper hand Sulaiman Khan's son Artughril appeared on the scene with Muslim soldiers. He witnessed two forces fighting against each other and one party about to be defeated when he joined the weak and dominated side without identifying it and gave such a fierce fight that the Mongols were uprooted and they took to their heals leaving behind nothing but dead bodies. Alauddin Kaiqbad Seljuk who was facing certain defeat expressed his utmost joy over this sudden and most unexpected victory. He hugged Artughtil out of love and thankfulness. Artughril on the other hand, expressed his happiness over extending timely help to his Muslim brethren fighting in the way of Allah Almighty. Artughril and Alauddin were still in an ecstasy of delight when Sulaiman Khan also reached the battlefield. Alauddin's joy knew no bounds and he not only thanked but also honored the father and the son with costly garments, He then bestowed on Artughril an estate near Angorah, present day Ankara, and appointed Sulaiman Khan as the Commander-in-chief of his army. Alauddin's prudence is commendable when he gave Artughril the best piece of land under his possession. The Konya Empire was very vast. But, gradually, the northern and western parts of Asia Minor were occupied by the Romans and with their expansionist designs they were going ahead capturing one area after another. The Mongols had separated the southeastern areas on the other hand, and their thirst for more territory was going on unabated. Thus, the Konya Empire was being ground between two millstones. With the result, it was reduced to -a small- State and was counting its days to extinction. In such a situation, it was rather a wise step on the part of Alauddin to allot Artughril an estate bordering the Roman Empire and appointed Sulaiman Khan as Commander-in-Chief to stop the advances of the Mongols. Sulaiman Khan was campaigning against the Mongols and while sailing along the Euphrates with his troops and crossing the river fell into the river and succumbed to death. But Artughril kept going ahead with his mission of wresting Christian lands and expanding the borders of his own country. The King of Konya looked upon his constant successes with appreciation and satisfaction. Alauddin Kaiqbad died in 634 A.H. and was succeeded by his son Ghayathuddin Kaikhusro. In the wake of the constant Mongol
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The History of ISLAM 5V Volume Thre
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ALL RIGHTS RESERVED • &jh*t** £*
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In the Name of Allah the Most Benef
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6 The History of Islam In this seco
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8 The History of Islam The First St
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10 The History of Islam Chapter »
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— The History of Islam Accession
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14 The History of Islam Musta'in Bi
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16 King Muhammad Sultan Yusuf Sulta
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18 The History of Islam Death of Az
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20 The History of Islam Cowardice O
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22 The History of Islam The Battle
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24 The History of Islam Two big riv
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26 The History of Islam effects on
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28 The History of Islam to Ceuta, i
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Chapter 2 Islamic Rule In Spain The
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Islamic Rule In Spain 33 Tariq bin
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Islamic Rule In Spain 35 Musa bin N
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iciamicRule In Spain considered as
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Chapter 3 Rulers of Spain Abdul Azi
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Rulers of Spain 41 Abdul Aziz bin M
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Rulers of Spain 43 their capital wa
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Rulers of Spain 45 people became an
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Rulers of Spain 47 Uthman assassina
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Rulers of Spain 49 Utbah bin HajjaJ
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Rulers of Spain 51 Straits. Even th
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Rulers of Spain 53 Political Mistak
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Rulers of Spain 55 the French terri
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Rulers of Spain 57 Finally, Ibn Hat
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Rulers of Spain 59 eluded the Musli
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Chapter 4 The Spainish Caliphs Abdu
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The Spainish Caliphs 63 discovered
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The Spainish Caliphs 65 Rebellions
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The Spainish Caliphs 67 grandeur he
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The Spainish Caliphs 69 Rebels anni
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The Spainish Caliphs 71 powerful at
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The Spainish Caliphs 73 revolt repe
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The Spainish Caliphs 75 plains. Dur
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The Spainish Caliphs 77 all over hi
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The Spairtish Caliphs 79 to assess
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The Spainish Caliphs 81 Battle Ghal
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The Spain ish Caliphs 83 that the o
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The Spainish Caliphs 85 Madinah at
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The Spanish Caliphs 87 Governor of
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The Spainish Caliphs 89 friendship
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The Spainish Caliphs 91 Spain slipp
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The Spainish Caliphs 93 about them.
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The Spainish Caliphs 95 violent and
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The Spainish Caliphs 97 Disasters o
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The Spainish Caliphs 99 died before
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The Spainish Caliphs 101 with the r
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The Spainish Caliphs 103 Cordova. H
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The Spairtish Caliphs 105 movement
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The Spain ish Caliphs 107 Christian
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The Spainish Caliphs 109 was wheat-
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The Spainish Caliphs 111 people of
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The Spainish Caliphs 113 captured H
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The Spainish Caliphs 115 bounds of
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The Spainish Caliphs 117 The first
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The Spainish Caliphs 119 Condition
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The Spainish Caliphs 121 Children S
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124 The History of Islam Following
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i26 The History of Islam other chie
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128 The History of Islam The number
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130 The History of Abdur Rahman on
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132 The History of Islam Three Peti
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134 The History of lsiam (Qasr al-K
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136 The History of Islam fifty year
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138 The History of Islam the city c
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140 The History of Islam leaders fe
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142 The History of Islam Having hea
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144 The History of Islam A r-Rashid
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146 The History of Islam 349 A.H. a
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148 The History ofIslam 2. Queen Sa
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150 The History of Islam Sabah, the
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152 The History of Islam Assessment
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154 The History of Islam friends of
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. The History of Islam Berbers were
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158 The History of Islam End of His
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Bani Hamud's Chapter 6 (Hammudid's)
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Batti Hamud's (Hammudid's) Rule 163
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succeeded Bant Hamud's (Hammudid' s
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Chapter 7 State of Anarchy Banu Abb
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State ofAnarchy 169 Mu'tamid bin Mu
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State of Anarchy 171 peace between
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State ofAnarchy 173 Abu Umar was ki
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Chapter 8 Christian Brutality in Sp
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uction Brutality in Spain X 177 ain
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Christian Brutality in Spain 179 te
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Christian Brutality in Spain 181 bi
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Chapter 9 Almohads (AI-Mowahad) Rul
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Almohads (Al-Mowahad) Rule in Spain
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Almohads (Al-Mowahad ) Rule in Spai
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194 The History of Islam Muhammad b
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Chapter 1 Granada Ibn Al-Ahmar Nasr
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Granada 199 were angry with the Min
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Granada 201 Waleed then hid one tho
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Granada 203 Khatib to Abu Salim bin
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Granada 205 Sultan Yuiuf HI Immedia
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Granada 207 pay annual tribute to t
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esumed Granada 209 Sultan Ibn Ismai
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Granada 211 the inexperienced Musli
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Granada 213 advances of the Christi
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Granada 215 End of Islamic Rule In
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Granada 217 13. After sixty days fr
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Granada 219 network of roads and ca
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Chapter 12 Morocco and North Africa
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Morocco and North Africa 223 child
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Morocco and North Africa 225 the mo
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Morocco and North Africa 227 Battle
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Morocco and North Africa . 229 woul
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Morocco arid North Africa 231 the o
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Morocco and North Africa 233 Abul G
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Morocco and North Africa 235 End of
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238 The History of Islam with the I
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240 The History of Islam Ubaidullah
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242 The History of Islam insurgence
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244 The History of Islam had played
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246 The History of Islam from the s
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248 The History of Islam Ghalib had
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250 The History of Islam he refuse
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252 The History of Islam out to fig
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254 The History of Islam already be
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256 The History of Islam number of
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' Mm 258 The History of Islam Hasan
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5 and . 260 The History of Islam Mu
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262 The History of Islam Death of H
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264 The History of Islam the throne
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266 The History of Islam Consequenc
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268 The History of Islam Salahuddin
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Chapter 1 Qaramatians of Bahrain Ya
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Qaramatians of Bahrain ___ 273 The
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Qaramatians of Bahrain 275 Abu Mans
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and aligned with their historical e
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Se 280 The History of Islam and pat
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282 The History of Islam The Govern
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284 The History of Islam Those Assa
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286 The History of Islam have also
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288 The History of islam asked them
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290 The History of Islam Removal Of
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292 The History of Islam Interpreta
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294 The History of Islam treaty, Ta
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298 The History of Islam to Bukhara
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300 The History of lslam Ghazni and
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302 The History of Islam were Jar a
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304 The History of Islam Death Of G
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^ The History of Islam and to becom
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308 The History of Islam returned t
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Page 303 and 304: 312 The History of Islam virtue of
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Page 307 and 308: 316 The History of Islam Gaykhatu K
Page 309 and 310: 318 The History of Islam Syria once
Page 311 and 312: 320 The History of Islam Assassinat
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Page 315 and 316: 324 The History of Islam Khan. Thus
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Page 321 and 322: 330 The History of Islam luxury and
Page 323 and 324: 332 The History of Islam subduing A
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Page 327 and 328: 336 The History of Islam had divide
Page 329 and 330: He 338 The History of Islam In the
Page 331 and 332: 340 The History of Islam Seljuk Dyn
Page 333 and 334: 342 The History of Islam Romans (pr
Page 335 and 336: 344 The History of Islam with each
Page 337 and 338: 346 The History of Islam Alauddin G
Page 339 and 340: 348 The History of Islam Following
Page 341 and 342: 350 The History of Islam post. He t
Page 343 and 344: Chapter 1 Brief Supplement Of The I
Page 345 and 346: Brief Supplement Of The Islamic His
Page 347 and 348: Brief Supplement Of The Islamic His
Page 349 and 350: ' Brief Supplement Of The Islamic H
Page 351: Chapter 19 Ottoman Dynasty We have
Page 355 and 356: Ottoman Dynasty 365 intrigues of hi
Page 357 and 358: Ottoman Dynasty 367 sword and girdl
Page 359 and 360: 370 The History of Islam counted am
Page 361 and 362: 372 The History of Islam fully awar
Page 363 and 364: 374 The History of Islam them into
Page 365 and 366: 376 The History of Islam found his
Page 367 and 368: 378 The History of Islam was making
Page 369 and 370: 380 The History of Islam battlefiel
Page 371 and 372: 382 The History of Islam unable to
Page 373 and 374: 384 The History of Islam (northwest
Page 375 and 376: 386 preparations against commanders
Page 377 and 378: 388 The History of Islam Being sati
Page 379 and 380: 390 The History of Islam freshness
Page 381 and 382: 392 The History of Islam superior n
Page 383 and 384: 394 The Histon/ of Islam an iron ca
Page 385 and 386: 396 The History of Islam During the
Page 387 and 388: 398 The History of Islam Sultan Muh
Page 389 and 390: Ill The History of Islam Constantin
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Page 395 and 396: 406 The History of Islam In the wak
Page 397 and 398: 408 The History of Islam grown very
Page 399 and 400: 410 The History of Islam In 852 A.H
Page 401 and 402: 412 The History of Islam First of a
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414 The History of Islam cracks app
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416 The History of Islam kept pushi
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418 The History of Islam emissary m
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420 The History of Islam his force
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422 The History of Islam Iran and A
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^ 424 The History of Islam acceded
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426 The History of Islam conquest.
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428 The History of Islam the Madras
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Chapter 2 Civil Wars after Sultan t
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gvil Wars after Sultan the Conquero
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Civil Wars after Sultan the Conquer
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civ il Wars after Sultan the Conque
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Civil Wars after Sultan the Conq ue
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the Civil Wars after Sultan the Con
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History of Islam Vol 3 of 3 by Akbar Shah Najeebabadi

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