History of Islam Vol 3 of 3 by Akbar Shah Najeebabadi

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94 The History of Islam administration. Sultan Hakam was the first ruler to devise such a means to keep his rule safe and strong. Later, the Ayyubid dynasty followed in the footsteps of Hakam and in this way the Mamluks of Egypt founded a strong rule. Being satisfied with the performance and fighting capabilities of the newly built force Sultan Hakam turned to dealing with the insurgent Christians of the northern territories and invaded the French. However, internal insurgencies had not yet ended. Asbah bin Abdullah, the ruler of Merida, led by some misunderstanding, took up arms against Hakam. Asbah bin Abdullah was the cousin and brother-in-law of Sultan Hakam. Hakam himself rose to face the offence and arrested him but Hakam's sister removed the misunderstanding and gained liberty for her husband. He was then forgiven and allowed to live in Cordova. Malkltes* Opposition The Maliki religious scholars raised their heads once again in 198 A.H. When the Sultan began to build his force out of the Christians and the non-Arabs, the Muslim religious leaders began to issue verdicts against the new policy of the Sultan and held it a curse on Cordova The last conspiracy against Hakam was hatched under the leadership of Qadi Yahya. Since the people of Spain held him in high esteern Hakam -“-—«££ rr h““ Flames of Antagonism reach the Royal Z Palace d SE a n 1"'° a Cla5h With TCmZZ a Ma,ki* su PP°rter. With G s p ran g , uar qu,v,r (wadi K^> ai - e roya deposition of the Sultan Th k . P a,ace an
The Spainish Caliphs 95 violent and disorderly situation. The Sultan replied, "Foolish one had I not used oil how could the rebels have known that it was the head of a king while cutting it off?." Hakam's Presence of Mind Historians have quoted this narrative to establish the firmness of his mind in such a treacherous situation. He then called his cousin Asbah and ordered him to go out and set the southern locality on fire. Asbah left the siege and sent word to a military camp of Cordova to go to the southern locality fully armed and set fire to that locality. Meanwhile a force from the military camp arrived at the scene. When the insurgents besieging the royal palace noticed flames and columns of smoke rising from their locality, they rushed to save their burning houses. Taking advantage of the situation Sultan Hakam hurried to the spot at the head of his bodyguards, while Asbah bin Abdullah joined him from another side and put many of them to the sword. Following a largescale massacre, he ordered the killing to stop and start catching the culprits. The Royal forces from other camps also appeared on the scene and captured thousands of rebels. Exile of Malkites Taking stock of the situation Sultan Hakam issued orders for the Malkites to leave the territories of Cordova and its suburbs. However, the Sultan pardoned Qadi Yahya for his faults once again with the purpose of benefiting from his wide knowledge and erudition. It looked rather strange that Qadi Yahya was allowed to join the royal court and become Hakam's trusted adviser. About eight thousand exiled Malkites having wives and children with them showed an interest in going to Morocco to settle there. The ruler of Morocco, Idris welcomed them to settle in the city of Fez and add to its beauty. Fifteen thousand of them reached Alexandria (Egypt) on board ship and occupied the territory but they were driven away from there too. They later occupied Carat Island and founded their rule, which lasted for about a century. Hazm bin Wahab revolted in Beja but was defeated and he sought forgiveness and Sultan Hakam pardoned him.
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The History of ISLAM 5V Volume Thre
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ALL RIGHTS RESERVED • &jh*t** £*
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In the Name of Allah the Most Benef
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6 The History of Islam In this seco
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8 The History of Islam The First St
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10 The History of Islam Chapter »
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— The History of Islam Accession
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14 The History of Islam Musta'in Bi
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16 King Muhammad Sultan Yusuf Sulta
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18 The History of Islam Death of Az
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20 The History of Islam Cowardice O
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22 The History of Islam The Battle
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24 The History of Islam Two big riv
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26 The History of Islam effects on
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28 The History of Islam to Ceuta, i
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Chapter 2 Islamic Rule In Spain The
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Islamic Rule In Spain 33 Tariq bin
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Islamic Rule In Spain 35 Musa bin N
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iciamicRule In Spain considered as
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Chapter 3 Rulers of Spain Abdul Azi
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Rulers of Spain 41 Abdul Aziz bin M
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Page 47 and 48: Rulers of Spain 47 Uthman assassina
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Page 117 and 118: The Spainish Caliphs 117 The first
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Page 123 and 124: 124 The History of Islam Following
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Page 127 and 128: 128 The History of Islam The number
Page 129 and 130: 130 The History of Abdur Rahman on
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146 The History of Islam 349 A.H. a
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148 The History ofIslam 2. Queen Sa
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150 The History of Islam Sabah, the
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152 The History of Islam Assessment
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154 The History of Islam friends of
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. The History of Islam Berbers were
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158 The History of Islam End of His
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Bani Hamud's Chapter 6 (Hammudid's)
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Batti Hamud's (Hammudid's) Rule 163
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succeeded Bant Hamud's (Hammudid' s
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Chapter 7 State of Anarchy Banu Abb
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State ofAnarchy 169 Mu'tamid bin Mu
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State of Anarchy 171 peace between
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State ofAnarchy 173 Abu Umar was ki
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Chapter 8 Christian Brutality in Sp
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uction Brutality in Spain X 177 ain
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Christian Brutality in Spain 179 te
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Christian Brutality in Spain 181 bi
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Chapter 9 Almohads (AI-Mowahad) Rul
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Almohads (Al-Mowahad) Rule in Spain
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Almohads (Al-Mowahad ) Rule in Spai
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194 The History of Islam Muhammad b
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Chapter 1 Granada Ibn Al-Ahmar Nasr
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Granada 199 were angry with the Min
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Granada 201 Waleed then hid one tho
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Granada 203 Khatib to Abu Salim bin
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Granada 205 Sultan Yuiuf HI Immedia
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Granada 207 pay annual tribute to t
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esumed Granada 209 Sultan Ibn Ismai
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Granada 211 the inexperienced Musli
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Granada 213 advances of the Christi
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Granada 215 End of Islamic Rule In
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Granada 217 13. After sixty days fr
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Granada 219 network of roads and ca
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Chapter 12 Morocco and North Africa
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Morocco and North Africa 223 child
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Morocco and North Africa 225 the mo
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Morocco and North Africa 227 Battle
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Morocco and North Africa . 229 woul
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Morocco arid North Africa 231 the o
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Morocco and North Africa 233 Abul G
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Morocco and North Africa 235 End of
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238 The History of Islam with the I
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240 The History of Islam Ubaidullah
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242 The History of Islam insurgence
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244 The History of Islam had played
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246 The History of Islam from the s
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248 The History of Islam Ghalib had
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250 The History of Islam he refuse
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252 The History of Islam out to fig
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254 The History of Islam already be
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256 The History of Islam number of
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' Mm 258 The History of Islam Hasan
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5 and . 260 The History of Islam Mu
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262 The History of Islam Death of H
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264 The History of Islam the throne
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266 The History of Islam Consequenc
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268 The History of Islam Salahuddin
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Chapter 1 Qaramatians of Bahrain Ya
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Qaramatians of Bahrain ___ 273 The
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Qaramatians of Bahrain 275 Abu Mans
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and aligned with their historical e
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Se 280 The History of Islam and pat
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282 The History of Islam The Govern
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284 The History of Islam Those Assa
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286 The History of Islam have also
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288 The History of islam asked them
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290 The History of Islam Removal Of
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292 The History of Islam Interpreta
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294 The History of Islam treaty, Ta
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298 The History of Islam to Bukhara
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300 The History of lslam Ghazni and
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302 The History of Islam were Jar a
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304 The History of Islam Death Of G
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^ The History of Islam and to becom
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308 The History of Islam returned t
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310 The History of Islam and attack
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312 The History of Islam virtue of
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314 The History of Islam wearing co
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316 The History of Islam Gaykhatu K
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318 The History of Islam Syria once
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320 The History of Islam Assassinat
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322 The History of Islam take on th
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324 The History of Islam Khan. Thus
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326 The History of Islam through th
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328 The History of Islam earlier co
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330 The History of Islam luxury and
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332 The History of Islam subduing A
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^owever 334 The History of Islam Al
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336 The History of Islam had divide
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He 338 The History of Islam In the
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340 The History of Islam Seljuk Dyn
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342 The History of Islam Romans (pr
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344 The History of Islam with each
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346 The History of Islam Alauddin G
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348 The History of Islam Following
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350 The History of Islam post. He t
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Chapter 1 Brief Supplement Of The I
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Brief Supplement Of The Islamic His
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Brief Supplement Of The Islamic His
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' Brief Supplement Of The Islamic H
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Chapter 19 Ottoman Dynasty We have
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Ottoman Dynasty 363 out and the Mon
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Ottoman Dynasty 365 intrigues of hi
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Ottoman Dynasty 367 sword and girdl
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370 The History of Islam counted am
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372 The History of Islam fully awar
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374 The History of Islam them into
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376 The History of Islam found his
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378 The History of Islam was making
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380 The History of Islam battlefiel
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382 The History of Islam unable to
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384 The History of Islam (northwest
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386 preparations against commanders
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388 The History of Islam Being sati
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390 The History of Islam freshness
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392 The History of Islam superior n
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394 The Histon/ of Islam an iron ca
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396 The History of Islam During the
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398 The History of Islam Sultan Muh
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Ill The History of Islam Constantin
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402 The History of Islam all such t
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The 404 • History of Islam and th
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406 The History of Islam In the wak
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408 The History of Islam grown very
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410 The History of Islam In 852 A.H
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412 The History of Islam First of a
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414 The History of Islam cracks app
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416 The History of Islam kept pushi
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418 The History of Islam emissary m
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420 The History of Islam his force
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422 The History of Islam Iran and A
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^ 424 The History of Islam acceded
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426 The History of Islam conquest.
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428 The History of Islam the Madras
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Chapter 2 Civil Wars after Sultan t
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gvil Wars after Sultan the Conquero
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Civil Wars after Sultan the Conquer
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civ il Wars after Sultan the Conque
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Civil Wars after Sultan the Conq ue
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the Civil Wars after Sultan the Con
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History of Islam Vol 3 of 3 by Akbar Shah Najeebabadi

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