History of Islam Vol 3 of 3 by Akbar Shah Najeebabadi

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32 The History of Islam The Attack of a Christian General and Hfs Defeat Tadmir, the military Commander of Roderick was very experienced and had led his force to victory in a number of encounters. He was encamped in the vicinity of Tariq's forces with a strong army. He launched a powerful attack before the Muslim forces had a chance to get settled. However, Tariq gave him a smashing defeat and he fled from the battlefield. He then vyrote to Roderick the following day from a safe place: "O Emperor! Some strange people have invaded our territory. We fought with courage and bravery but tasted defeat and our troops could not withstand their onslaught. What is needed is your personal engagement. I am quite unaware of their identity and whereabouts". . Preparations of Roderick Soon after receiving the horrible news Roderick set about budding his army. He came from Toledo to Cordova where troops from all parts of the country began to concentrate: He then marched against thfc invaders at the head of one hundred thousand troops. Tadmir also joined him with his force, while all the seasoned commanders of Spain came forward to play important roles. But Tariq did not sit idle during 5“ E? 0*- H* C ,0ntmued his rch occupying cities and towns and reached up to the Lorca valley. The First Battle dashed °n the bank of 9 small river near Janda Lagoon S on 28 Ramadan 92 A.H. 0uly after th? Jd°ma 711-C.E.). Shortly ef>a tUre °* the Nusavr A- 5 MusHni. forces under Tariq, Musa bin Cd flVC thoi,sand soldiers as joined reinforcements, which r of Tar; thousand 'jhe countrv tbe confrontation. Now the twelve thousand men faC* * Str°ng Christian force of one hundred Ym ^‘m fprCe kneW litt3tje °f the state of affairs of the the countr^and hm J aded - The Christian troops were the natives of country and hacfcome to the battlefield to save their motherland.
Islamic Rule In Spain 33 Tariq bin Zeyad, the Governor of Africa was the freed slave of Musa bin Nusayr who did not command extraordinary value. The Emperor of Spain was himself leading the army and all the resources of the country were at his command. The Muslim force had its greater part based on while the Christian force was inspired and encouraged convert Berbers by eminent bishops and religious guides. Had Tariq's force been defeated in this battle it would have been known as one of the insignificant events of history. But since twelve thousand Muslim troops defeated one hundred thousand well-equipped Christian troops, it came to be known as one of the most gloriousj battles ever fought by humans. While drawing his battle line Tariq made a fervid speech to the Muslim fighters, which fired them with new spirit, zeal and determination. The greater part of Christian force consisted of cavalry clad in armor, while the Muslim side had only foot soldiers. The cavalry movement of the Christians was quite terrifying and it appeared very dear that they would crush the Muslim troops under their hooves without giving them an opportunity to take up their arms against the Christians. But the glittering Islamic swords dispelled the hovering clouds of the Christian force and left many lying dead and wounded. Their takbir ( Allah-o-Akbar Allah is Great) rent the air and subdued all other shouts and noises on the battlefield. Roderick's Escape from the Battlefield Roderick fled the battlefield leaving behind not only a large number soldiers dead and wounded but also his wide experience, courage and determination. Causes of the Christians' Defeat The Christians tasted defeat not because of their lack of courage but simply because of the daring deeds of Muslim fighters. Had they been cowards they would not have left behind great commanders, princes snd bishops dead and wounded. The actual number of dead Christian soldiers is not known but history tells us that the horses left by the dead horsemen were sufficient for the entire Muslim army. The Christian soldiers could have escaped on horseback but they preferred to die fighting.
Page 1 and 2: The History of ISLAM 5V Volume Thre
Page 3 and 4: ALL RIGHTS RESERVED • &jh*t** £*
Page 5 and 6: In the Name of Allah the Most Benef
Page 7 and 8: 6 The History of Islam In this seco
Page 9 and 10: 8 The History of Islam The First St
Page 11 and 12: 10 The History of Islam Chapter »
Page 13 and 14: — The History of Islam Accession
Page 15 and 16: 14 The History of Islam Musta'in Bi
Page 17 and 18: 16 King Muhammad Sultan Yusuf Sulta
Page 19 and 20: 18 The History of Islam Death of Az
Page 21 and 22: 20 The History of Islam Cowardice O
Page 23 and 24: 22 The History of Islam The Battle
Page 25 and 26: 24 The History of Islam Two big riv
Page 27 and 28: 26 The History of Islam effects on
Page 29 and 30: 28 The History of Islam to Ceuta, i
Page 31: Chapter 2 Islamic Rule In Spain The
Page 35 and 36: Islamic Rule In Spain 35 Musa bin N
Page 37 and 38: iciamicRule In Spain considered as
Page 39 and 40: Chapter 3 Rulers of Spain Abdul Azi
Page 41 and 42: Rulers of Spain 41 Abdul Aziz bin M
Page 43 and 44: Rulers of Spain 43 their capital wa
Page 45 and 46: Rulers of Spain 45 people became an
Page 47 and 48: Rulers of Spain 47 Uthman assassina
Page 49 and 50: Rulers of Spain 49 Utbah bin HajjaJ
Page 51 and 52: Rulers of Spain 51 Straits. Even th
Page 53 and 54: Rulers of Spain 53 Political Mistak
Page 55 and 56: Rulers of Spain 55 the French terri
Page 57 and 58: Rulers of Spain 57 Finally, Ibn Hat
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Page 61 and 62: Chapter 4 The Spainish Caliphs Abdu
Page 63 and 64: The Spainish Caliphs 63 discovered
Page 65 and 66: The Spainish Caliphs 65 Rebellions
Page 67 and 68: The Spainish Caliphs 67 grandeur he
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The Spain ish Caliphs 83 that the o
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The Spainish Caliphs 85 Madinah at
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The Spanish Caliphs 87 Governor of
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The Spainish Caliphs 89 friendship
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The Spainish Caliphs 91 Spain slipp
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The Spainish Caliphs 93 about them.
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The Spainish Caliphs 95 violent and
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The Spainish Caliphs 97 Disasters o
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The Spainish Caliphs 99 died before
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The Spainish Caliphs 101 with the r
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The Spainish Caliphs 103 Cordova. H
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The Spairtish Caliphs 105 movement
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The Spain ish Caliphs 107 Christian
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The Spainish Caliphs 109 was wheat-
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The Spainish Caliphs 111 people of
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The Spainish Caliphs 113 captured H
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The Spainish Caliphs 115 bounds of
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The Spainish Caliphs 117 The first
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The Spainish Caliphs 119 Condition
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The Spainish Caliphs 121 Children S
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124 The History of Islam Following
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i26 The History of Islam other chie
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128 The History of Islam The number
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130 The History of Abdur Rahman on
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132 The History of Islam Three Peti
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134 The History of lsiam (Qasr al-K
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136 The History of Islam fifty year
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138 The History of Islam the city c
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140 The History of Islam leaders fe
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142 The History of Islam Having hea
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144 The History of Islam A r-Rashid
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146 The History of Islam 349 A.H. a
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148 The History ofIslam 2. Queen Sa
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150 The History of Islam Sabah, the
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152 The History of Islam Assessment
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154 The History of Islam friends of
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. The History of Islam Berbers were
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158 The History of Islam End of His
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Bani Hamud's Chapter 6 (Hammudid's)
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Batti Hamud's (Hammudid's) Rule 163
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succeeded Bant Hamud's (Hammudid' s
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Chapter 7 State of Anarchy Banu Abb
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State ofAnarchy 169 Mu'tamid bin Mu
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State of Anarchy 171 peace between
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State ofAnarchy 173 Abu Umar was ki
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Chapter 8 Christian Brutality in Sp
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uction Brutality in Spain X 177 ain
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Christian Brutality in Spain 179 te
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Christian Brutality in Spain 181 bi
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Chapter 9 Almohads (AI-Mowahad) Rul
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Almohads (Al-Mowahad) Rule in Spain
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Almohads (Al-Mowahad ) Rule in Spai
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194 The History of Islam Muhammad b
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Chapter 1 Granada Ibn Al-Ahmar Nasr
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Granada 199 were angry with the Min
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Granada 201 Waleed then hid one tho
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Granada 203 Khatib to Abu Salim bin
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Granada 205 Sultan Yuiuf HI Immedia
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Granada 207 pay annual tribute to t
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esumed Granada 209 Sultan Ibn Ismai
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Granada 211 the inexperienced Musli
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Granada 213 advances of the Christi
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Granada 215 End of Islamic Rule In
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Granada 217 13. After sixty days fr
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Granada 219 network of roads and ca
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Chapter 12 Morocco and North Africa
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Morocco and North Africa 223 child
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Morocco and North Africa 225 the mo
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Morocco and North Africa 227 Battle
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Morocco and North Africa . 229 woul
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Morocco arid North Africa 231 the o
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Morocco and North Africa 233 Abul G
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Morocco and North Africa 235 End of
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238 The History of Islam with the I
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240 The History of Islam Ubaidullah
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242 The History of Islam insurgence
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244 The History of Islam had played
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246 The History of Islam from the s
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248 The History of Islam Ghalib had
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250 The History of Islam he refuse
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252 The History of Islam out to fig
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254 The History of Islam already be
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256 The History of Islam number of
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' Mm 258 The History of Islam Hasan
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5 and . 260 The History of Islam Mu
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262 The History of Islam Death of H
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264 The History of Islam the throne
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266 The History of Islam Consequenc
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268 The History of Islam Salahuddin
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Chapter 1 Qaramatians of Bahrain Ya
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Qaramatians of Bahrain ___ 273 The
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Qaramatians of Bahrain 275 Abu Mans
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and aligned with their historical e
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Se 280 The History of Islam and pat
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282 The History of Islam The Govern
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284 The History of Islam Those Assa
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286 The History of Islam have also
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288 The History of islam asked them
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290 The History of Islam Removal Of
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292 The History of Islam Interpreta
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294 The History of Islam treaty, Ta
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298 The History of Islam to Bukhara
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300 The History of lslam Ghazni and
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302 The History of Islam were Jar a
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304 The History of Islam Death Of G
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^ The History of Islam and to becom
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308 The History of Islam returned t
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310 The History of Islam and attack
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312 The History of Islam virtue of
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314 The History of Islam wearing co
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316 The History of Islam Gaykhatu K
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318 The History of Islam Syria once
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320 The History of Islam Assassinat
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322 The History of Islam take on th
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324 The History of Islam Khan. Thus
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326 The History of Islam through th
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328 The History of Islam earlier co
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330 The History of Islam luxury and
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332 The History of Islam subduing A
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^owever 334 The History of Islam Al
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336 The History of Islam had divide
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He 338 The History of Islam In the
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340 The History of Islam Seljuk Dyn
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342 The History of Islam Romans (pr
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344 The History of Islam with each
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346 The History of Islam Alauddin G
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348 The History of Islam Following
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350 The History of Islam post. He t
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Chapter 1 Brief Supplement Of The I
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Brief Supplement Of The Islamic His
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Brief Supplement Of The Islamic His
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' Brief Supplement Of The Islamic H
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Chapter 19 Ottoman Dynasty We have
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Ottoman Dynasty 363 out and the Mon
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Ottoman Dynasty 365 intrigues of hi
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Ottoman Dynasty 367 sword and girdl
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370 The History of Islam counted am
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372 The History of Islam fully awar
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374 The History of Islam them into
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376 The History of Islam found his
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378 The History of Islam was making
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380 The History of Islam battlefiel
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382 The History of Islam unable to
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384 The History of Islam (northwest
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386 preparations against commanders
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388 The History of Islam Being sati
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390 The History of Islam freshness
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392 The History of Islam superior n
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394 The Histon/ of Islam an iron ca
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396 The History of Islam During the
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398 The History of Islam Sultan Muh
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Ill The History of Islam Constantin
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402 The History of Islam all such t
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The 404 • History of Islam and th
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406 The History of Islam In the wak
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408 The History of Islam grown very
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410 The History of Islam In 852 A.H
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412 The History of Islam First of a
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414 The History of Islam cracks app
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416 The History of Islam kept pushi
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418 The History of Islam emissary m
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420 The History of Islam his force
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422 The History of Islam Iran and A
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^ 424 The History of Islam acceded
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426 The History of Islam conquest.
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428 The History of Islam the Madras
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Chapter 2 Civil Wars after Sultan t
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gvil Wars after Sultan the Conquero
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Civil Wars after Sultan the Conquer
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civ il Wars after Sultan the Conque
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Civil Wars after Sultan the Conq ue
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the Civil Wars after Sultan the Con
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History of Islam Vol 3 of 3 by Akbar Shah Najeebabadi

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