History of Islam Vol 3 of 3 by Akbar Shah Najeebabadi

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• 460 The History of Islam Constantinople that the Ottoman force there wag about to revolt and had shown disrespect to the Viceroy of the capital. This new development compelled him to return to the trouble spot, but he appointed seasoned commanders to complete his unfinished tasks who, in a short time, conquered Kurdistan, Iraq and up to the coastal areas of die Persian Gulf. Thus, half of Ismail Safwi's country became the part of the Ottoman rule. All future attempts of the Iranian ruler to restore his lost territories ended in defeat. °' Sultan ““ 111 Tabriz that he contracted US 1 Uil< ' archi tects and artisans and ConstantinoDle « Jers sent them to wages plus endowments. the world. Thus, defeated thoroughly °! Constantmople - 00 Ismail Safwi ^^ with Sultan SalL^dê^ u ^^ his strong dislike for the Iranian t elsewhere but because of £h*ed to build any friendly relations been involved in Had the affairs nf ", Sahmnot ^ invaded Iran once again to wrest from Lnaa^jTthe° Uld parts of his country. As a result of these conquests Empire expanded deep into the eastern regiZ »d a number J*" of fertile provinces came under its control. Most • Ottoman rule was importantl no longer under threat from .. y' the Ismail Safwi wrote to Sultan Salim to send back his wSTwlT ******* in the custody of the Ottoman ruler. Since heê^°« apostate and faithless he refused to send his wife to him ^d " her to one of his soldiers, Ja'far Chalpi. know When that his wife Ism^Sa^ bafwi was eninvi k/ came . to 1 soldier, he W'th was downcast a by TurWsh V thfcfemhl tembleT";* shock in the same and state. he lived and died Conquest of Egypt and Svri. dyXUSSJ Xd"!fo H°ned *** MaUk of the Ayyubi may be caUed ^pt based a on^MamIuhS/ slave a^6 which y Hgyphan throne. About the sajS ta
Civil Wars after Sultan the Conqueror 461 power in India too. While in India, only two kings from the Slave dynasty were actually slaves and the latter kings only belonged to that dynasty, in Egypt however, only a slave could succeed to the throne on the death of the slave ruler. Those slave kings were called Mamluks. They ruled over Egypt until the time of Sultan Salim and the Abbasid caliphs lived in Egypt only to provide a safeguard and to provide credibility to those Egyptian kings. The Mamluk rule of Egypt was also very respectable and mighty. The Mamluks extended two marvelous services to Islam. One, they saved Islam from the Christian assaults and did away with the crusades forever; two, they put a check on the surge of Mongol invasions and beat the forces of Genghis and Hulagu Khan. It is quite strange that the victorious Mongols were thrashed by the slaves (Mamluks) of Egypt were beaten again by the slave kings of India. Thus, the Mongols who took the most respectable and highest Muslim slave kingdoms. dynasties by storm were routed by the The Mamluk dynasty of Egypt, which ruled in Egypt, Syria and the Hijazfrom the end of the Ayyubi dynasty, had never been inimical to die Ottoman dynasty. However, when Prince Jamshed took refuge in Egypt after being defeated by his elder brother Sultan Bayazid II relations with Cairo and Constantinople turned bitter to the extent of causing a clash between the two and the Ottoman rule had suffered setbacks at the hands of the Mamluks. They were anxiously watching the victorious marches of Sultan Salim and especially the defeat bf Ismail Safwi. They were anticipating Salim's campaigns against Egypt to restore the cities and forts occupied by the Mamluks during the rule of Bayazid U. his emissary to the Ismail Safwi, after being defeated by Sultan Salim, sent Mamluk ruler to establish friendly relations’ with Egyp*- Qatzu Ghazi, the ruler of Egypt held the Iranian emissary in esteem and accepted the offer. The emissary also warned the Egyptian rnler against the impending danger of Salim's invasion. These new developments drew his attention to the demand of the situation and he himself came to the city of Aleppo (Arabic: Halb) and stationed himself Immediately after this, he mobilized an adequate number of troops along the Syrian borders. This was only done for precautionary measures. Sultan Salim had, perhaps, no intention of attacking the Mamluk rule for the Mamluks were devout Muslims and they had a
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The History of ISLAM 5V Volume Thre
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ALL RIGHTS RESERVED • &jh*t** £*
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In the Name of Allah the Most Benef
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6 The History of Islam In this seco
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8 The History of Islam The First St
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10 The History of Islam Chapter »
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— The History of Islam Accession
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14 The History of Islam Musta'in Bi
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16 King Muhammad Sultan Yusuf Sulta
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18 The History of Islam Death of Az
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20 The History of Islam Cowardice O
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22 The History of Islam The Battle
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24 The History of Islam Two big riv
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26 The History of Islam effects on
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28 The History of Islam to Ceuta, i
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Chapter 2 Islamic Rule In Spain The
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Islamic Rule In Spain 33 Tariq bin
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Islamic Rule In Spain 35 Musa bin N
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iciamicRule In Spain considered as
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Chapter 3 Rulers of Spain Abdul Azi
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Rulers of Spain 41 Abdul Aziz bin M
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Rulers of Spain 43 their capital wa
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Rulers of Spain 45 people became an
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Rulers of Spain 47 Uthman assassina
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Rulers of Spain 49 Utbah bin HajjaJ
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Rulers of Spain 51 Straits. Even th
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Rulers of Spain 53 Political Mistak
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Rulers of Spain 55 the French terri
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Rulers of Spain 57 Finally, Ibn Hat
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Rulers of Spain 59 eluded the Musli
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Chapter 4 The Spainish Caliphs Abdu
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The Spainish Caliphs 63 discovered
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The Spainish Caliphs 65 Rebellions
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The Spainish Caliphs 67 grandeur he
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The Spainish Caliphs 69 Rebels anni
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The Spainish Caliphs 71 powerful at
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The Spainish Caliphs 73 revolt repe
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The Spainish Caliphs 75 plains. Dur
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The Spainish Caliphs 77 all over hi
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The Spairtish Caliphs 79 to assess
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The Spainish Caliphs 81 Battle Ghal
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The Spain ish Caliphs 83 that the o
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The Spainish Caliphs 85 Madinah at
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The Spanish Caliphs 87 Governor of
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The Spainish Caliphs 89 friendship
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The Spainish Caliphs 91 Spain slipp
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The Spainish Caliphs 93 about them.
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The Spainish Caliphs 95 violent and
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The Spainish Caliphs 97 Disasters o
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The Spainish Caliphs 99 died before
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The Spainish Caliphs 101 with the r
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The Spainish Caliphs 103 Cordova. H
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The Spairtish Caliphs 105 movement
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The Spain ish Caliphs 107 Christian
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The Spainish Caliphs 109 was wheat-
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The Spainish Caliphs 111 people of
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The Spainish Caliphs 113 captured H
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The Spainish Caliphs 115 bounds of
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The Spainish Caliphs 117 The first
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The Spainish Caliphs 119 Condition
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The Spainish Caliphs 121 Children S
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124 The History of Islam Following
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i26 The History of Islam other chie
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128 The History of Islam The number
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130 The History of Abdur Rahman on
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132 The History of Islam Three Peti
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134 The History of lsiam (Qasr al-K
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136 The History of Islam fifty year
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138 The History of Islam the city c
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140 The History of Islam leaders fe
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142 The History of Islam Having hea
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144 The History of Islam A r-Rashid
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146 The History of Islam 349 A.H. a
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148 The History ofIslam 2. Queen Sa
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150 The History of Islam Sabah, the
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152 The History of Islam Assessment
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154 The History of Islam friends of
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. The History of Islam Berbers were
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158 The History of Islam End of His
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Bani Hamud's Chapter 6 (Hammudid's)
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Batti Hamud's (Hammudid's) Rule 163
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succeeded Bant Hamud's (Hammudid' s
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Chapter 7 State of Anarchy Banu Abb
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State ofAnarchy 169 Mu'tamid bin Mu
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State of Anarchy 171 peace between
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State ofAnarchy 173 Abu Umar was ki
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Chapter 8 Christian Brutality in Sp
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uction Brutality in Spain X 177 ain
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Christian Brutality in Spain 179 te
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Christian Brutality in Spain 181 bi
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Chapter 9 Almohads (AI-Mowahad) Rul
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Almohads (Al-Mowahad) Rule in Spain
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Almohads (Al-Mowahad ) Rule in Spai
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194 The History of Islam Muhammad b
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Chapter 1 Granada Ibn Al-Ahmar Nasr
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Granada 199 were angry with the Min
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Granada 201 Waleed then hid one tho
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Granada 203 Khatib to Abu Salim bin
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Granada 205 Sultan Yuiuf HI Immedia
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Granada 207 pay annual tribute to t
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esumed Granada 209 Sultan Ibn Ismai
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Granada 211 the inexperienced Musli
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Granada 213 advances of the Christi
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Granada 215 End of Islamic Rule In
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Granada 217 13. After sixty days fr
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Granada 219 network of roads and ca
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Chapter 12 Morocco and North Africa
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Morocco and North Africa 223 child
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Morocco and North Africa 225 the mo
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Morocco and North Africa 227 Battle
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Morocco and North Africa . 229 woul
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Morocco arid North Africa 231 the o
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Morocco and North Africa 233 Abul G
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Morocco and North Africa 235 End of
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238 The History of Islam with the I
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240 The History of Islam Ubaidullah
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242 The History of Islam insurgence
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244 The History of Islam had played
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246 The History of Islam from the s
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248 The History of Islam Ghalib had
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250 The History of Islam he refuse
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252 The History of Islam out to fig
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254 The History of Islam already be
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256 The History of Islam number of
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' Mm 258 The History of Islam Hasan
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5 and . 260 The History of Islam Mu
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262 The History of Islam Death of H
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264 The History of Islam the throne
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266 The History of Islam Consequenc
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268 The History of Islam Salahuddin
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Chapter 1 Qaramatians of Bahrain Ya
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Qaramatians of Bahrain ___ 273 The
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Qaramatians of Bahrain 275 Abu Mans
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and aligned with their historical e
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Se 280 The History of Islam and pat
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282 The History of Islam The Govern
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284 The History of Islam Those Assa
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286 The History of Islam have also
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288 The History of islam asked them
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290 The History of Islam Removal Of
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292 The History of Islam Interpreta
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294 The History of Islam treaty, Ta
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298 The History of Islam to Bukhara
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300 The History of lslam Ghazni and
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302 The History of Islam were Jar a
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304 The History of Islam Death Of G
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^ The History of Islam and to becom
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308 The History of Islam returned t
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310 The History of Islam and attack
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312 The History of Islam virtue of
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314 The History of Islam wearing co
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316 The History of Islam Gaykhatu K
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318 The History of Islam Syria once
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320 The History of Islam Assassinat
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322 The History of Islam take on th
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324 The History of Islam Khan. Thus
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326 The History of Islam through th
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328 The History of Islam earlier co
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330 The History of Islam luxury and
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332 The History of Islam subduing A
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ôwever 334 The History of Islam Al
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336 The History of Islam had divide
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He 338 The History of Islam In the
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340 The History of Islam Seljuk Dyn
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342 The History of Islam Romans (pr
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344 The History of Islam with each
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346 The History of Islam Alauddin G
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348 The History of Islam Following
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350 The History of Islam post. He t
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Chapter 1 Brief Supplement Of The I
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Brief Supplement Of The Islamic His
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Brief Supplement Of The Islamic His
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' Brief Supplement Of The Islamic H
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Chapter 19 Ottoman Dynasty We have
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Ottoman Dynasty 363 out and the Mon
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Ottoman Dynasty 365 intrigues of hi
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Ottoman Dynasty 367 sword and girdl
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370 The History of Islam counted am
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372 The History of Islam fully awar
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374 The History of Islam them into
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376 The History of Islam found his
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378 The History of Islam was making
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380 The History of Islam battlefiel
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382 The History of Islam unable to
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384 The History of Islam (northwest
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386 preparations against commanders
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388 The History of Islam Being sati
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390 The History of Islam freshness
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392 The History of Islam superior n
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394 The Histon/ of Islam an iron ca
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396 The History of Islam During the
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398 The History of Islam Sultan Muh
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Ill The History of Islam Constantin
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402 The History of Islam all such t
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The 404 • History of Islam and th
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406 The History of Islam In the wak
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Page 401 and 402: 412 The History of Islam First of a
Page 403 and 404: 414 The History of Islam cracks app
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Page 407 and 408: 418 The History of Islam emissary m
Page 409 and 410: 420 The History of Islam his force
Page 411 and 412: 422 The History of Islam Iran and A
Page 413 and 414: ^ 424 The History of Islam acceded
Page 415 and 416: 426 The History of Islam conquest.
Page 417 and 418: 428 The History of Islam the Madras
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History of Islam Vol 3 of 3 by Akbar Shah Najeebabadi

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