LECTURE PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY 3rd EDITION ROBERT G. MORTIMER

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4. The mathematical statement of the second law
provides a means of calculating the entropy change
of any process that begins and ends at equilibrium
states.
5. The second law implies that no macroscopic
process can decrease the entropy of the universe.
6. Entropy is connected with lack of information
through the Boltzmann definition of the statistical
entropy:
where k B is Boltzmann’s constant and Ω is the
number of mechanical states that corresponds to the
thermodynamic state of the system, corresponding
to a fixed energy.
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