LECTURE PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY 3rd EDITION ROBERT G. MORTIMER

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so that the natural independent variables for A are T ,
V, n 1 , n 2 , …, n c . By inspection
And
The chemical potential is equal to four different partial
derivatives with different variables held fixed. The
partial derivative in Eq. (4.5-4) identifies the chemical
potential as the partial molar Gibbs energy.
A general partial molar quantity is a partial derivative
of an extensive quantity with respect to the amount of
one component, keeping T , P, and the amounts of all
other components fixed.
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