LECTURE PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY 3rd EDITION ROBERT G. MORTIMER

www.daykemquynhon.ucoz.com
Chapter 5.
Phase Equilibrium
PRINCIPAL FACTS AND IDEAS
1. The laws of thermodynamics determine equilibrium between
phases.
2. The fundamental fact of phase equilibrium is that at equilibrium
the chemical potential of any substance must have the same
value in all phases in which that substance appears.
3. The Gibbs phase rule gives the number of independent
intensive variables in a multicomponent multiphase system at
equilibrium: f = c − p + 2
where f is the number of independent intensive variables, c is the
number of components, and p is the number of phases.
4. The Gibbs phase rule allows phase diagrams to be understood.
5. The Clausius and Clausius–Clapeyron equations govern the
curves in phase diagrams.
6. Thermodynamics allows analysis of the stability of phases in
systems.
7. Surface effects must be included in a complete thermodynamic
treatment, but are usually negligible.
https://plus.google.com/+DạyKèmQuyNhơn
Collected by Nguyen Thanh Tu Teacher
MailBox : nguyenthanhtuteacher@hotmail.com