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296 Index Broad-spectrum antibacterial drugs, 43–44 Broad-spectrum antibiotics, 105 Broad-spectrum therapy, 19 Bronchitis, 107 Bronchoconstriction, 274 Bronchospasm, 216 Broth, visible organism growth in, 35 Burkholderia, 12, 14, 142 C Calcineurin inhibitors, 191 Calcium, 26 Calcium channel blockers, 232 Campylobacter, 13 Cancer, 16 Candida, 5, 22, 43, 44, 167, 168 antimetabolites and, 175, 177 C. albicans, 20, 181, 185, 189–191, 193, 198 candidiasis, 176, 181–183, 191, 193, 195, 199 candiduria, 191 C. glabrata, 181, 182, 185, 190, 193, 198 C. krusei, 175, 181, 182, 185, 189, 193, 198 C. lusitaniae, 172, 181, 185, 189, 193, 198 C. parapsilosis, 181, 185, 189, 193, 198 C. tropicalis, 181, 185, 189, 193, 198 echinocandins and, 191, 197 fluconazole and, 20, 181–183, 191, 199 polyenes and, 172 Capsid, 204 Capsomeres, 204 Carbacephems, 74 Carbapenem-resistant enterobacteriaceae (CRE), 141 Carbapenems, 49, 51 antibacterial activity of, 38 described, 87–89 pneumonia and, 88, 89 renal function/dysfunction and, 88, 89 Carbenicillin, described, 63–64 Cardiobacterium, 13 Cardiovascular, fluoroquinolones and, 98 Caspofungin, 20 described, 197–199 CCR5, 239, 240 Cefaclor, described, 73–75 Cefadroxil, described, 71–72 Cefamandole, described, 73–75 Cefazolin, 20, 21, 81, 96 described, 71–72 Cefdinir, described, 77–79 Cefepime described, 81–82 susceptibility breakpoints, 35, 36 Cefixime, described, 77–79 Cefmetazole, described, 73–75 Cefonicid, described, 73–75 Cefotaxime, described, 77–79 Cefotetan, described, 73–75 Cefoxitin, 108 described, 73–75 Cefpodoxime, described, 77–79 Cefprozil, described, 73–75 Ceftaroline, 50 described, 83–85 Ceftazidime, 39, 81, 82, 91 described, 77–79 Ceftibuten, described, 77–79 Ceftobiprole, described, 83–85 Ceftriaxone, 20, 28, 83 described, 77–79 Cefuroxime, 25 described, 73–75 Cell membrane, virus and, 204 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), 259 Central nervous system (CNS), 208, 226, 228 fluoroquinolones and, 98 infections, 72, 74, 78 Cephalexin, described, 71–72 Cephalosporins, 25, 49, 51, 58, 87, 117. See also individual drugs Acinetobacter and, 81, 84 alcohol and, 74
Index 297 anaerobes and, 71, 73–75, 77, 81, 84 anaphylaxis and, 70 antibacterial activity of, 38 Bacteroides and, 75 beta-lactamases and, 70, 73 bleeding and, 74 central nervous system infections and, 72, 74, 78 Clostridium and, 78 endocarditis and, 72 Enterococci and, 71, 73, 77, 81, 84 fifth-generation, 83–85 first-generation, 71–72 fourth-generation, 81–82 GNRs and, 71, 73, 75, 77, 78, 81–84 gonorrhea and, 75, 78, 79 Gram-positive organisms and, 73, 78, 81, 82 Haemophilus and, 73 hives and, 70 introduction to, 69–70 Lyme disease and, 79 meningitis and, 78, 79, 82 MRSA and, 50, 71, 73, 77, 81, 84 MSSA and, 71, 72, 77, 81, 84 Neisseria and, 73 neutropenia and, 79, 82 N-methylthiotetrazole (MTT), 74 penicillin allergy and, 69–70 phlebitis and, 58, 72 pneumonia and, 75, 82, 84 Pseudomonas and, 71, 73, 77, 78, 81, 84, 85 pyelonephritis and, 79 renal function/dysfunction and, 78–79 respiratory tract infections and, 75, 79, 82 second-generation, 73–75 skin infections and, 72, 79, 84 Staphylococci and, 50, 71–73, 77, 81, 84 Streptococci and, 71, 73, 77, 78, 81, 84 third-generation, 77–79 urinary tract infections and, 79, 82 vitamin K and, 74, 78 Cephalothin, described, 71–72 Cephamycins, 74, 75 Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), 4 concentrations of antibiotics in, 27, 29 Gram-positive bacilli in, 9 Cestodes, 257 Chills, 172 Chlamydia, 4, 98, 111 C. trachomatis, 138 Chlamydophila pneumoniae, 50 Chloroquine, 258, 266 described, 261–264 Cidofovir, described, 211–213 Cilastatin described, 87–89 imipenem, 20–21 Cinchonism, syndrome of, 263 Ciprofloxacin, 20, 25, 108 described, 97–100 Cisplatin, 102 Citrobacter, 12, 122 CK. See Creatine kinase Clarithromycin, described, 109–112 Clavulanate. See Amoxicillin/ clavulanate, described; Ticarcillin/clavulanate, described Clindamycin, 21, 258, 264 described, 137–140 Clostridium, 9, 118 C. difficile, 22, 43, 78, 94, 95, 117, 119, 138, 140, 145–146 Cloxacillin, described, 57–58 CMV. See Cytomegalovirus (CMV) CNS. See Central nervous system (CNS) Cobicistat, 235–237 Coccidioides, 5, 167 C. immitis, 168, 181 Coccidioidomycosis, 183 Colistin (colistimethate sodium), described, 141–144 Colitis, 117
Page 1 and 2:
Antibiotics Simplified third EDITIO
Page 3 and 4:
Contents Acknowledgments Introducti
Page 5 and 6:
Contents v Chapter 28: Antifungal A
Page 7:
Acknowledgments Our thanks go to th
Page 10 and 11:
x Introduction ■■ How to Use Th
Page 13:
New to the Third Edition The Third
Page 17 and 18:
The Wonderful World of Microbiology
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chapter 1 Microbiology 5 More like
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chapter 1 Microbiology 7 Influenza
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chapter 1 Microbiology 9 Bacilli An
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chapter 1 Microbiology 11 Gram-nega
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chapter 1 Microbiology 13 Cocci Aer
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General Approach to Infectious Dise
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chapter 2 Infectious Diseases 17 Th
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chapter 2 Infectious Diseases 19 Su
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chapter 2 Infectious Diseases 21 al
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Antibiotic Pharmacokinetics 3 The t
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chapter 3 Pharmacokinetics 25 Table
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chapter 3 Pharmacokinetics 27 can b
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chapter 3 Pharmacokinetics 29 becau
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chapter 3 Pharmacokinetics 31 Table
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34 PART 1 Antibiotic Therapy No vis
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36 PART 1 Antibiotic Therapy Table
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38 PART 1 Antibiotic Therapy done i
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Adverse Consequences of Antibiotic
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chapter 5 Adverse Consequences 43 f
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chapter 5 Adverse Consequences 45 U
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Antibacterial Drugs Part 2
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50 PART 2 Antibacterial Drugs to be
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52 PART 2 Antibacterial Drugs is ne
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54 PART 2 Antibacterial Drugs Spect
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Antistaphylococcal Penicillins Agen
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Aminopenicillins Agents: amoxicilli
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chapter 6 Beta-Lactams 61 Don’t F
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64 PART 2 Antibacterial Drugs Adver
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66 PART 2 Antibacterial Drugs enhan
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68 PART 2 Antibacterial Drugs good
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70 PART 2 Antibacterial Drugs Cefaz
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72 PART 2 Antibacterial Drugs ■
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Third-Generation Cephalosporins Age
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chapter 6 Beta-Lactams 79 biliary e
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82 PART 2 Antibacterial Drugs but o
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84 PART 2 Antibacterial Drugs bind
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Carbapenems Agents: imipenem/cilast
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chapter 6 Beta-Lactams 89 and thus
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94 PART 2 Antibacterial Drugs Mecha
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96 PART 2 Antibacterial Drugs as be
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98 PART 2 Antibacterial Drugs Spect
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chapter 9 Aminoglycosides 103 equal
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Aminoglycosides 9 Agents: gentamici
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chapter 9 Aminoglycosides 103 equal
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Tetracyclines and Glycylcyclines 10
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chapter 10 Tetracyclines 107 admini
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Macrolides and Ketolides 11 Agents:
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chapter 11 Macrolides and Ketolides
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Oxazolidinones 12 Agent: linezolid
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chapter 12 Oxazolidinones 115 What
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118 PART 2 Antibacterial Drugs Spec
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Nitrofurans and Fosfomycin 14 Agent
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chapter 14 Nitrofurans and Fosfomyc
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Cyclic Lipopeptides 16 Agent: dapto
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chapter 16 Cyclic Lipopeptides 131
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136 PART 2 Antibacterial Drugs What
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140 PART 2 Antibacterial Drugs Don
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144 PART 2 Antibacterial Drugs Beca
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146 PART 2 Antibacterial Drugs asso
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Antimycobacterial Drugs 21 ■■ I
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chapter 21 Antimycobacterial Drugs
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154 PART 3 Antimycobacterial Drugs
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Pyrazinamide 24 Agent: pyrazinamide
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Ethambutol 25 Agent: ethambutol (EM
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Antifungal Drugs Part 4
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168 PART 4 Antifungal Drugs When th
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Polyenes 27 Agents: amphotericin B,
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chapter 27 Polyenes 173 1.5 mg/kg/d
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Antifungal Antimetabolites 28 Agent
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chapter 28 Antifungal Antimetabolit
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Fluconazole The introduction of flu
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chapter 29 Azoles 183 • The high
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186 PART 4 Antifungal Drugs Adverse
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Voriconazole The introduction of vo
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chapter 29 Azoles 191 ■■ Import
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Posaconazole Posaconazole is the ne
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chapter 29 Azoles 195 inhibitors lo
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198 PART 4 Antifungal Drugs Spectru
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Antiviral Drugs Part 5
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204 PART 5 Antiviral Drugs The unde
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Anti-Herpes Simplex Virus and Varic
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chapter 32 Anti-HSV and VZV Agents
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212 PART 5 Antiviral Drugs Spectrum
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Neuraminidase Inhibitors 34 Agents:
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chapter 34 Neuraminidase Inhibitors
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220 PART 5 Antiviral Drugs the comm
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224 PART 5 Antiviral Drugs What The
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226 PART 5 Antiviral Drugs Adverse
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228 PART 5 Antiviral Drugs • NNRT
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230 PART 5 Antiviral Drugs The drug
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232 PART 5 Antiviral Drugs • The
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Integrase Inhibitors Agents: ralteg
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chapter 35 Antiretroviral Drugs 237
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240 PART 5 Antiviral Drugs from hea
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244 PART 5 Antiviral Drugs option f
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Page 262 and 263: 248 PART 5 Antiviral Drugs ribaviri
Page 264 and 265: 250 PART 5 Antiviral Drugs administ
Page 267 and 268: Hepatitis B Nucleoside Analogs 39 A
Page 269: Antiparasitic Drugs Part 6
Page 272 and 273: 258 PART 6 Antiparasitic Drugs Tabl
Page 275 and 276: Quinolines 41 Agents: chloroquine,
Page 277 and 278: chapter 41 Quinolines 263 majority
Page 279 and 280: Atovaquone 42 Agents: atovaquone, a
Page 281: chapter 42 Atovaquone 267 Don’t F
Page 284 and 285: 270 PART 6 Antiparasitic Drugs Adve
Page 287 and 288: Pentamidine 44 Agent: pentamidine P
Page 289: chapter 44 Pentamidine 275 as appro
Page 292 and 293: 278 PART 6 Antiparasitic Drugs Spec
Page 294 and 295: Appendix 1 Selected Normal Human Fl
Page 296 and 297: Appendix 2 Spectrum of Activity A N
Page 298 and 299: 284 appendix 2 and thus less likely
Page 300 and 301: 286 appendix 2 Table A-2 Clinically
Page 302 and 303: Appendix 3 Empiric Regimens for Com
Page 304 and 305: 290 appendix 3 Infection Common Pat
Page 306 and 307: 292 appendix 3 Infection Common Pat
Page 308 and 309: 294 Index Amoxicillin/clavulanate,
Page 312 and 313: 298 Index Combivir, 221 Community-a
Page 314 and 315: 300 Index Eukaryotes, 5, 203 Extend
Page 316 and 317: 302 Index HIV (continued) anti-herp
Page 318 and 319: 304 Index Minimum bactericidal conc
Page 320 and 321: 306 Index PEG. See Polyethylene gly
Page 322 and 323: 308 Index Pseudomonas (continued) P
Page 324 and 325: 310 Index Sustained virologic respo
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