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310 Index Sustained virologic response (SVR), 245 Synercid, 125 Syphilis, 55, 108 T Taenia, 5, 258, 270 T. solium, 269 Tapeworms, 257 Tazobactam. See also Piperacillin/ tazobactam described, 65–68 T2 bacteriophage, 7 Teicoplanin, 93 Telaprevir, 245–248 Telavancin, described, 93–96 Telbivudine, 253 Telithromycin, described, 109–112 Tendon rupture, 98 Tenofovir (TDF), 221, 225, 228, 235–237, 253 described, 221–224 Tetracycline(s), 21, 264 antibacterial activity of, 38 classes of antibiotics, 26 described, 105–108 Thiabendazole, described, 269–271 Third-generation cephalosporins, 77–79 Threadworms, 269 Thrombocytopenia, 114, 242 Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura, 208 T. gondii, 134,136, 138, 258, 265, 275 Ticarcillin/clavulanate, described, 65–68 Ticarcillin, described, 63–64 Tick-borne diseases, 107 Tigecycline, described, 105–108 Tinidazole, 258 described, 117–119 Tinnitus, 263 Tipranavir (TPV), described, 229–233 Tissue, penetration of an antibiotic into, 27–28 TMP. See Trimethoprim (TMP) TMP/SMX. See Trimethoprim/ sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMX) Tobacco mosaic virus, 7 Tobramycin, 20 described, 101–104 Total/actual body weight, 28 Toxic epidermal necrolysis, 134, 226 Toxicities, antibiotic, 42, 134, 265 Trematodes, 257 Tremors, 208 Treponema pallidum, 54 Triamterene, 134 Trichomonas, 118 Trimethoprim (TMP), 36 hematologic adverse effects of, 42 Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMX), 19, 21, 121, 123, 258, 266, 273, 274, 275 described, 133–136 susceptibility breakpoints, 36 Trizivir, 221 Trofile, 240 Tropism, 240 Truvada, 221 Trypanosoma, 258, 273 trypanosomiasis, 275 Tuberculosis, 101, 103, 104, 153–159, 163, 164 introduction to, 149–151 Tularemia, 100, 108 Typhoid fever, 136 U Urinary tract infections (UTIs), 18, 20, 64, 82, 99–100, 107, 143 cystitis, 121–123, 135–136 pyelonephritis, 79 urosepsis, 121, 123 V Vaccinia, 6 Vaginosis, 139 Valacyclovir, described, 207–209
Index 311 Valganciclovir, described, 211–213 Valley fever, 168 Vancomycin, 20, 21, 22, 42, 50, 58, 79, 126, 127, 137, 144, 146 antibacterial activity of, 38 described, 93–96 red man syndrome and, 94 renal toxicity issues, 94–95 Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium infections (VRE), 93, 106, 113, 115, 119, 125, 126, 129, 130 cyclic lipopeptides and, 129, 130 oxazolidinones and, 113, 115 Varicella-zoster virus (VZV), 4, 207–209, 212 Vertigo, 106 Vibrio, 12 Viral envelope, 204 Viral hepatitis, 247 Viral infections, pharmacotherapy of, 205 Viral life cycle, 204–205 Viral nucleic acid, 204 Viral replication, 211, 216 Viridans group streptococci, 9 Virions, 204 Virus, 3, 215 cell entry, 204 described, 203–205 genetic material of, 205 replication, 204 structure of, 204 Visible organism growth in broth, 35 Vision problems, 190 Visual acuity, optic neuritis, 163, 164 Visual hallucinations, 190 Vitamin B 6 (pyridoxine), 140, 157, 159 Vitamin K, 74, 78 Vitamin supplements, 26 Vivid dreams, 226 Vomiting, 106, 110, 118, 122, 154, 212, 216, 222, 231, 265 Voriconazole, 20, 26, 179, 185, 187, 193, 194, 232 described, 189–192 Vulvovaginal candidiasis, 182 VZV. See Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) W Warfarin, 118, 135 White blood cells (WBCs), 17, 21 Worm infections, intestinal, 269, 270 Y Yeasts, 5, 167, 168 Yellow fever, 7 Z Zanamivir, described, 215–217 Zidovudine (ZDV, AZT), 219 described, 221–224 Zinc, 26 Z-max, 111 Z-pak, 111 Zygomycetes, 5, 167, 172, 185, 190, 193, 198, 199 posaconazole and, 194 Zygomycosis, 195
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Antibiotics Simplified third EDITIO
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Contents Acknowledgments Introducti
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Contents v Chapter 28: Antifungal A
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Acknowledgments Our thanks go to th
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x Introduction ■■ How to Use Th
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New to the Third Edition The Third
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The Wonderful World of Microbiology
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chapter 1 Microbiology 5 More like
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chapter 1 Microbiology 7 Influenza
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chapter 1 Microbiology 9 Bacilli An
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chapter 1 Microbiology 11 Gram-nega
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chapter 1 Microbiology 13 Cocci Aer
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General Approach to Infectious Dise
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chapter 2 Infectious Diseases 17 Th
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chapter 2 Infectious Diseases 19 Su
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chapter 2 Infectious Diseases 21 al
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Antibiotic Pharmacokinetics 3 The t
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chapter 3 Pharmacokinetics 25 Table
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chapter 3 Pharmacokinetics 27 can b
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chapter 3 Pharmacokinetics 29 becau
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chapter 3 Pharmacokinetics 31 Table
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34 PART 1 Antibiotic Therapy No vis
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36 PART 1 Antibiotic Therapy Table
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38 PART 1 Antibiotic Therapy done i
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Adverse Consequences of Antibiotic
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chapter 5 Adverse Consequences 43 f
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chapter 5 Adverse Consequences 45 U
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Antibacterial Drugs Part 2
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50 PART 2 Antibacterial Drugs to be
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52 PART 2 Antibacterial Drugs is ne
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54 PART 2 Antibacterial Drugs Spect
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Antistaphylococcal Penicillins Agen
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Aminopenicillins Agents: amoxicilli
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chapter 6 Beta-Lactams 61 Don’t F
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64 PART 2 Antibacterial Drugs Adver
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66 PART 2 Antibacterial Drugs enhan
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68 PART 2 Antibacterial Drugs good
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70 PART 2 Antibacterial Drugs Cefaz
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72 PART 2 Antibacterial Drugs ■
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Third-Generation Cephalosporins Age
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chapter 6 Beta-Lactams 79 biliary e
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82 PART 2 Antibacterial Drugs but o
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84 PART 2 Antibacterial Drugs bind
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Carbapenems Agents: imipenem/cilast
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chapter 6 Beta-Lactams 89 and thus
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94 PART 2 Antibacterial Drugs Mecha
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96 PART 2 Antibacterial Drugs as be
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98 PART 2 Antibacterial Drugs Spect
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chapter 9 Aminoglycosides 103 equal
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Aminoglycosides 9 Agents: gentamici
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chapter 9 Aminoglycosides 103 equal
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Tetracyclines and Glycylcyclines 10
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chapter 10 Tetracyclines 107 admini
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Macrolides and Ketolides 11 Agents:
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chapter 11 Macrolides and Ketolides
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Oxazolidinones 12 Agent: linezolid
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chapter 12 Oxazolidinones 115 What
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118 PART 2 Antibacterial Drugs Spec
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Nitrofurans and Fosfomycin 14 Agent
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chapter 14 Nitrofurans and Fosfomyc
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Cyclic Lipopeptides 16 Agent: dapto
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chapter 16 Cyclic Lipopeptides 131
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136 PART 2 Antibacterial Drugs What
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140 PART 2 Antibacterial Drugs Don
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144 PART 2 Antibacterial Drugs Beca
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146 PART 2 Antibacterial Drugs asso
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Antimycobacterial Drugs 21 ■■ I
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chapter 21 Antimycobacterial Drugs
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154 PART 3 Antimycobacterial Drugs
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Pyrazinamide 24 Agent: pyrazinamide
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Ethambutol 25 Agent: ethambutol (EM
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Antifungal Drugs Part 4
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168 PART 4 Antifungal Drugs When th
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Polyenes 27 Agents: amphotericin B,
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chapter 27 Polyenes 173 1.5 mg/kg/d
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Antifungal Antimetabolites 28 Agent
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chapter 28 Antifungal Antimetabolit
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Fluconazole The introduction of flu
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chapter 29 Azoles 183 • The high
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186 PART 4 Antifungal Drugs Adverse
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Voriconazole The introduction of vo
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chapter 29 Azoles 191 ■■ Import
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Posaconazole Posaconazole is the ne
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chapter 29 Azoles 195 inhibitors lo
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198 PART 4 Antifungal Drugs Spectru
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Antiviral Drugs Part 5
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204 PART 5 Antiviral Drugs The unde
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Anti-Herpes Simplex Virus and Varic
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chapter 32 Anti-HSV and VZV Agents
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212 PART 5 Antiviral Drugs Spectrum
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Neuraminidase Inhibitors 34 Agents:
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chapter 34 Neuraminidase Inhibitors
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220 PART 5 Antiviral Drugs the comm
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224 PART 5 Antiviral Drugs What The
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226 PART 5 Antiviral Drugs Adverse
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228 PART 5 Antiviral Drugs • NNRT
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230 PART 5 Antiviral Drugs The drug
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232 PART 5 Antiviral Drugs • The
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Integrase Inhibitors Agents: ralteg
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chapter 35 Antiretroviral Drugs 237
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240 PART 5 Antiviral Drugs from hea
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244 PART 5 Antiviral Drugs option f
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246 PART 5 Antiviral Drugs Think of
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248 PART 5 Antiviral Drugs ribaviri
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250 PART 5 Antiviral Drugs administ
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Hepatitis B Nucleoside Analogs 39 A
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Antiparasitic Drugs Part 6
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258 PART 6 Antiparasitic Drugs Tabl
Page 275 and 276: Quinolines 41 Agents: chloroquine,
Page 277 and 278: chapter 41 Quinolines 263 majority
Page 279 and 280: Atovaquone 42 Agents: atovaquone, a
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Page 287 and 288: Pentamidine 44 Agent: pentamidine P
Page 289: chapter 44 Pentamidine 275 as appro
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Page 294 and 295: Appendix 1 Selected Normal Human Fl
Page 296 and 297: Appendix 2 Spectrum of Activity A N
Page 298 and 299: 284 appendix 2 and thus less likely
Page 300 and 301: 286 appendix 2 Table A-2 Clinically
Page 302 and 303: Appendix 3 Empiric Regimens for Com
Page 304 and 305: 290 appendix 3 Infection Common Pat
Page 306 and 307: 292 appendix 3 Infection Common Pat
Page 308 and 309: 294 Index Amoxicillin/clavulanate,
Page 310 and 311: 296 Index Broad-spectrum antibacter
Page 312 and 313: 298 Index Combivir, 221 Community-a
Page 314 and 315: 300 Index Eukaryotes, 5, 203 Extend
Page 316 and 317: 302 Index HIV (continued) anti-herp
Page 318 and 319: 304 Index Minimum bactericidal conc
Page 320 and 321: 306 Index PEG. See Polyethylene gly
Page 322 and 323: 308 Index Pseudomonas (continued) P
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