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84 PART 2 Antibacterial Drugs bind to penicillin-binding protein 2a, a type that is expressed by MRSA. This characteristic is responsible for its anti-MRSA activity. Spectrum Good: MSSA, MRSA, streptococci, enteric GNRs Moderate: Acinetobacter, Enterococcus faecalis Poor: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterococcus faecium, anaerobes Adverse Effects Information available to date from clinical trials suggests adverse effects of ceftaroline is similar to those of other beta-lactams. ■■ Important Facts • As is typical for new antimicrobials coming to market, the initial indications for ceftaroline are “low-hanging fruit”: skin and skin structure infections and community-acquired pneumonia. These are indications for which there are already a great many agents available. The challenge will be to determine what the role of ceftaroline is for hospital-acquired pneumonia and other severe diseases often caused by drugresistant pathogens. What They’re Good For Ceftaroline is approved (in the United States) for treatment of complicated skin and soft tissue infections and community-acquired pneumonia. There are limited data for other uses.
chapter 6 Beta-Lactams 85 Don’t Forget! If you want to think about these drugs as fifthgeneration agents, just don’t forget that their Gram-negative activity is less compared to the fourth generation, especially as regards Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
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Antibiotics Simplified third EDITIO
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Contents Acknowledgments Introducti
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Contents v Chapter 28: Antifungal A
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Acknowledgments Our thanks go to th
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x Introduction ■■ How to Use Th
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New to the Third Edition The Third
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The Wonderful World of Microbiology
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chapter 1 Microbiology 5 More like
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chapter 1 Microbiology 7 Influenza
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chapter 1 Microbiology 9 Bacilli An
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chapter 1 Microbiology 11 Gram-nega
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chapter 1 Microbiology 13 Cocci Aer
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General Approach to Infectious Dise
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chapter 2 Infectious Diseases 17 Th
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chapter 2 Infectious Diseases 19 Su
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chapter 2 Infectious Diseases 21 al
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Antibiotic Pharmacokinetics 3 The t
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chapter 3 Pharmacokinetics 25 Table
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chapter 3 Pharmacokinetics 27 can b
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chapter 3 Pharmacokinetics 29 becau
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chapter 3 Pharmacokinetics 31 Table
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Page 50 and 51: 36 PART 1 Antibiotic Therapy Table
Page 52 and 53: 38 PART 1 Antibiotic Therapy done i
Page 55 and 56: Adverse Consequences of Antibiotic
Page 57 and 58: chapter 5 Adverse Consequences 43 f
Page 59 and 60: chapter 5 Adverse Consequences 45 U
Page 61: Antibacterial Drugs Part 2
Page 64 and 65: 50 PART 2 Antibacterial Drugs to be
Page 66 and 67: 52 PART 2 Antibacterial Drugs is ne
Page 68 and 69: 54 PART 2 Antibacterial Drugs Spect
Page 71 and 72: Antistaphylococcal Penicillins Agen
Page 73 and 74: Aminopenicillins Agents: amoxicilli
Page 75: chapter 6 Beta-Lactams 61 Don’t F
Page 78 and 79: 64 PART 2 Antibacterial Drugs Adver
Page 80 and 81: 66 PART 2 Antibacterial Drugs enhan
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Page 84 and 85: 70 PART 2 Antibacterial Drugs Cefaz
Page 86 and 87: 72 PART 2 Antibacterial Drugs ■
Page 91 and 92: Third-Generation Cephalosporins Age
Page 93: chapter 6 Beta-Lactams 79 biliary e
Page 96 and 97: 82 PART 2 Antibacterial Drugs but o
Page 100 and 101: Carbapenems Agents: imipenem/cilast
Page 102: chapter 6 Beta-Lactams 89 and thus
Page 107 and 108: 94 PART 2 Antibacterial Drugs Mecha
Page 109 and 110: 96 PART 2 Antibacterial Drugs as be
Page 111 and 112: 98 PART 2 Antibacterial Drugs Spect
Page 113 and 114: chapter 9 Aminoglycosides 103 equal
Page 115 and 116: Aminoglycosides 9 Agents: gentamici
Page 117 and 118: chapter 9 Aminoglycosides 103 equal
Page 119 and 120: Tetracyclines and Glycylcyclines 10
Page 121 and 122: chapter 10 Tetracyclines 107 admini
Page 123 and 124: Macrolides and Ketolides 11 Agents:
Page 125 and 126: chapter 11 Macrolides and Ketolides
Page 127 and 128: Oxazolidinones 12 Agent: linezolid
Page 129: chapter 12 Oxazolidinones 115 What
Page 132 and 133: 118 PART 2 Antibacterial Drugs Spec
Page 135 and 136: Nitrofurans and Fosfomycin 14 Agent
Page 137: chapter 14 Nitrofurans and Fosfomyc
Page 140 and 141: 126 PART 2 Antibacterial Drugs Spec
Page 143 and 144: Cyclic Lipopeptides 16 Agent: dapto
Page 145: chapter 16 Cyclic Lipopeptides 131
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134 PART 2 Antibacterial Drugs Spec
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136 PART 2 Antibacterial Drugs What
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140 PART 2 Antibacterial Drugs Don
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144 PART 2 Antibacterial Drugs Beca
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146 PART 2 Antibacterial Drugs asso
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Antimycobacterial Drugs 21 ■■ I
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chapter 21 Antimycobacterial Drugs
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154 PART 3 Antimycobacterial Drugs
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Pyrazinamide 24 Agent: pyrazinamide
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Ethambutol 25 Agent: ethambutol (EM
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Antifungal Drugs Part 4
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168 PART 4 Antifungal Drugs When th
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Polyenes 27 Agents: amphotericin B,
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chapter 27 Polyenes 173 1.5 mg/kg/d
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Antifungal Antimetabolites 28 Agent
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chapter 28 Antifungal Antimetabolit
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Fluconazole The introduction of flu
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chapter 29 Azoles 183 • The high
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186 PART 4 Antifungal Drugs Adverse
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Voriconazole The introduction of vo
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chapter 29 Azoles 191 ■■ Import
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Posaconazole Posaconazole is the ne
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chapter 29 Azoles 195 inhibitors lo
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198 PART 4 Antifungal Drugs Spectru
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Antiviral Drugs Part 5
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204 PART 5 Antiviral Drugs The unde
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Anti-Herpes Simplex Virus and Varic
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chapter 32 Anti-HSV and VZV Agents
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212 PART 5 Antiviral Drugs Spectrum
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Neuraminidase Inhibitors 34 Agents:
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chapter 34 Neuraminidase Inhibitors
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220 PART 5 Antiviral Drugs the comm
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224 PART 5 Antiviral Drugs What The
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226 PART 5 Antiviral Drugs Adverse
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228 PART 5 Antiviral Drugs • NNRT
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230 PART 5 Antiviral Drugs The drug
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232 PART 5 Antiviral Drugs • The
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Integrase Inhibitors Agents: ralteg
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chapter 35 Antiretroviral Drugs 237
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240 PART 5 Antiviral Drugs from hea
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244 PART 5 Antiviral Drugs option f
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246 PART 5 Antiviral Drugs Think of
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248 PART 5 Antiviral Drugs ribaviri
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250 PART 5 Antiviral Drugs administ
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Hepatitis B Nucleoside Analogs 39 A
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Antiparasitic Drugs Part 6
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258 PART 6 Antiparasitic Drugs Tabl
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Quinolines 41 Agents: chloroquine,
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chapter 41 Quinolines 263 majority
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Atovaquone 42 Agents: atovaquone, a
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chapter 42 Atovaquone 267 Don’t F
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270 PART 6 Antiparasitic Drugs Adve
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Pentamidine 44 Agent: pentamidine P
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chapter 44 Pentamidine 275 as appro
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278 PART 6 Antiparasitic Drugs Spec
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Appendix 1 Selected Normal Human Fl
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Appendix 2 Spectrum of Activity A N
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284 appendix 2 and thus less likely
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286 appendix 2 Table A-2 Clinically
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Appendix 3 Empiric Regimens for Com
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290 appendix 3 Infection Common Pat
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292 appendix 3 Infection Common Pat
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294 Index Amoxicillin/clavulanate,
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296 Index Broad-spectrum antibacter
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298 Index Combivir, 221 Community-a
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300 Index Eukaryotes, 5, 203 Extend
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302 Index HIV (continued) anti-herp
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304 Index Minimum bactericidal conc
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306 Index PEG. See Polyethylene gly
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308 Index Pseudomonas (continued) P
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310 Index Sustained virologic respo
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