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306 Index PEG. See Polyethylene glycol (PEG) Pegylated interferon-a 2a, described, 241–244 Pegylated interferon-b 2b, described, 241–244 Pelvic inflammatory disease, 108 Penciclovir, 208 Penicillin(s), 29, 45, 49, 117. See also individual drugs aerobes and, 67 allergy and carbapenems, 89 allergy and cephalosporins, 69–70 allergy and monobactams, 92 amino, 52, 59–61 anaerobes and, 57, 59, 63, 65, 66, 67 antibacterial activity of, 38 antipseudomonal, 52, 63–64 antistaphylococcal, 52, 57–58, 72 beta-lactamases and, 57–59, 63, 65–68, 70 diabetic ulcers and, 68 diarrhea and, 51–52, 60, 67 E. coli and, 60, 64, 66 endocarditis and, 55, 58, 61 Enterococci and, 54, 57–61, 63, 64, 66 GNRs and, 51, 52, 57–60, 63, 65–67 Gram-positive organisms and, 59, 64 Haemophilus and, 59, 63 introduction to, 51–52 IV, 52, 53 MRSA and, 57, 66, 83, 84, 88 MSSA and, 57, 58, 66 natural, 51, 52, 53–55 otitis media and, 60 penicillin G, 53–55, 65 penicillin V, 53–55 pharyngitis and, 55, 60 phlebitis and, 58, 72 pneumonia and, 68 Pseudomonas and, 59, 63–64, 66 renal function/dysfunction and, 51, 58 respiratory tract infections and, 60 skin infections and, 58 Staphylococci and, 21, 51, 53, 57, 59, 63, 65, 66, 72, 88 Streptococci and, 54–55, 59, 60, 63, 64, 66, 87 syphilis and, 55 Treponema and, 54 UTIs and, 64 Penicillin G, described, 53–55 Penicillin V, 53–55 Penile ulcers, 212 Pentamidine, 258, 266 described, 273–275 Peptic ulcer disease, 111 Peptidoglycan, 6, 7, 11, 94, 121 cell wall polysaccharides components, 149 Peptococcus, 8 Peptostreptococcus, 8, 118 Peripheral neuropathy, 114, 118 Peripheral vascular disease, 28 Permethrin, 277, 279 Pharmacokinetic enhancers, 236 Pharmacokinetic/ pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) parameters, 38–39 Pharmacokinetics, 141 Pharmacotherapy antifungal, 168–169 for HBV and HCV infection, 243 of infectious diseases, 15 of mycobacterial disease, 150 tuberculosis, 157 of viral infections, 205 Pharyngitis, 55 streptococcal, 60 Phenytoin, 270 Phlebitis, 58, 72, 126 Phosphorylation, 207, 211 Photosensitivity, 98, 106 Pinworms, 269 Piperacillin, described, 63–68 Piperacillin/tazobactam, 20, 21, 22 described, 65–68 Plague, 100, 101, 108
Index 307 Plasmodium, 5, 106, 138, 266 atovaquone and, 258, 265 P. falciparum, 262 P. malariae, 262 P. ovale, 262–264 P. vivax, 262–264 quinolines and, 258, 262, 264 Pneumocystis, 258, 264, 265 atovaquone and, 257, 265, 266 folate antagonists and, 134, 136 lincosamides and, 138 pentamidine and, 258, 273–275 P. jirovecii (formerly P. carinii), 19, 134, 136, 138, 139, 257, 262, 265, 273 Pneumonia aminoglycosides and, 104 aspiration, 68 atovaquone and, 266 carbapenems and, 88, 89 cephalosporins and, 75, 82, 84, 89 community-acquired, 20, 50, 68, 75, 84, 107 cyclic lipopeptides and, 130 eosinophilic, 130 folate antagonists and, 136 glycopeptides and, 96 hospital-acquired, 20, 21, 84 lincosamides and, 139 nosocomial, 67, 68, 83, 89, 96, 115 oxazolidinones and, 115 penicillins and, 68 pentamidine and, 273–275 polymyxins and, 143 quinolines and, 264 tetracyclines and, 107 vancomycin and, 20, 21, 96 ventilator-associated, 104 Pneumonitis, 122 Poliomyelitis, 7 Polyenes, 199 described, 171–174 Polyethylene glycol (PEG), 241 Polymerase chain reactions (PCR), 22 Polymyxins, described, 141–144 Posaconazole, 26, 179 described, 193–195 Potassium-sparing diuretics, 134 Praziquantel, 258 Prednisone, 19 Pregnancy, 95, 99, 106, 157, 227, 270 aminoglycosides and, 103 ribavirin, 250 Prevotella, 12 Prevpac, 111 Primaquine, 139 clindamycin, 258 described, 261–264 Procaine, 54 Proguanil, atovaquone, 258, 265–267 Prokaryotes, 4, 203 Proper dose for patient, 45 Prophylaxis/prophylactic therapy, 169 defined, 16–17 examples of, 19–20 Propionibacterium, 9, 118 Prostatitis, 136 Protease inhibitors (PIs), described, 229–233 Protein binding, 27 Protein synthesis aminoglycosides and, 101 inhibitors, linezolid, 113–115 Proteus, 12, 14, 142 fluoroquinolones and, 98 glycylcyclines and, 106 nitrofurans and, 122 polymyxins and, 142 Proton-pump inhibitors, 26, 186 posaconazole, 194–195 Protozoa, 5, 265 Providencia, 106, 142 Pruritis, 239, 246 Pseudomembranous colitis, 146 Pseudomonas, 12, 14, 87, 88, 91, 92, 106, 122, 134, 143 aminoglycosides and, 101, 102 cephalosporins and, 71, 73, 77, 78, 81, 84, 85 fluoroquinolones and, 97–100
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Antibiotics Simplified third EDITIO
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Contents Acknowledgments Introducti
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Contents v Chapter 28: Antifungal A
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Acknowledgments Our thanks go to th
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x Introduction ■■ How to Use Th
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New to the Third Edition The Third
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The Wonderful World of Microbiology
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chapter 1 Microbiology 5 More like
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chapter 1 Microbiology 7 Influenza
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chapter 1 Microbiology 9 Bacilli An
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chapter 1 Microbiology 11 Gram-nega
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chapter 1 Microbiology 13 Cocci Aer
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General Approach to Infectious Dise
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chapter 2 Infectious Diseases 17 Th
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chapter 2 Infectious Diseases 19 Su
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chapter 2 Infectious Diseases 21 al
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Antibiotic Pharmacokinetics 3 The t
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chapter 3 Pharmacokinetics 25 Table
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chapter 3 Pharmacokinetics 27 can b
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chapter 3 Pharmacokinetics 29 becau
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chapter 3 Pharmacokinetics 31 Table
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34 PART 1 Antibiotic Therapy No vis
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36 PART 1 Antibiotic Therapy Table
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38 PART 1 Antibiotic Therapy done i
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Adverse Consequences of Antibiotic
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chapter 5 Adverse Consequences 43 f
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chapter 5 Adverse Consequences 45 U
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Antibacterial Drugs Part 2
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50 PART 2 Antibacterial Drugs to be
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52 PART 2 Antibacterial Drugs is ne
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54 PART 2 Antibacterial Drugs Spect
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Antistaphylococcal Penicillins Agen
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Aminopenicillins Agents: amoxicilli
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chapter 6 Beta-Lactams 61 Don’t F
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64 PART 2 Antibacterial Drugs Adver
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66 PART 2 Antibacterial Drugs enhan
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68 PART 2 Antibacterial Drugs good
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70 PART 2 Antibacterial Drugs Cefaz
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72 PART 2 Antibacterial Drugs ■
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Third-Generation Cephalosporins Age
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chapter 6 Beta-Lactams 79 biliary e
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82 PART 2 Antibacterial Drugs but o
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84 PART 2 Antibacterial Drugs bind
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Carbapenems Agents: imipenem/cilast
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chapter 6 Beta-Lactams 89 and thus
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94 PART 2 Antibacterial Drugs Mecha
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96 PART 2 Antibacterial Drugs as be
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98 PART 2 Antibacterial Drugs Spect
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chapter 9 Aminoglycosides 103 equal
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Aminoglycosides 9 Agents: gentamici
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chapter 9 Aminoglycosides 103 equal
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Tetracyclines and Glycylcyclines 10
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chapter 10 Tetracyclines 107 admini
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Macrolides and Ketolides 11 Agents:
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chapter 11 Macrolides and Ketolides
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Oxazolidinones 12 Agent: linezolid
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chapter 12 Oxazolidinones 115 What
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118 PART 2 Antibacterial Drugs Spec
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Nitrofurans and Fosfomycin 14 Agent
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chapter 14 Nitrofurans and Fosfomyc
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Cyclic Lipopeptides 16 Agent: dapto
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chapter 16 Cyclic Lipopeptides 131
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136 PART 2 Antibacterial Drugs What
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140 PART 2 Antibacterial Drugs Don
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144 PART 2 Antibacterial Drugs Beca
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146 PART 2 Antibacterial Drugs asso
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Antimycobacterial Drugs 21 ■■ I
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chapter 21 Antimycobacterial Drugs
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154 PART 3 Antimycobacterial Drugs
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Pyrazinamide 24 Agent: pyrazinamide
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Ethambutol 25 Agent: ethambutol (EM
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Antifungal Drugs Part 4
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168 PART 4 Antifungal Drugs When th
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Polyenes 27 Agents: amphotericin B,
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chapter 27 Polyenes 173 1.5 mg/kg/d
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Antifungal Antimetabolites 28 Agent
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chapter 28 Antifungal Antimetabolit
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Fluconazole The introduction of flu
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chapter 29 Azoles 183 • The high
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186 PART 4 Antifungal Drugs Adverse
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Voriconazole The introduction of vo
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chapter 29 Azoles 191 ■■ Import
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Posaconazole Posaconazole is the ne
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chapter 29 Azoles 195 inhibitors lo
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198 PART 4 Antifungal Drugs Spectru
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Antiviral Drugs Part 5
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204 PART 5 Antiviral Drugs The unde
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Anti-Herpes Simplex Virus and Varic
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chapter 32 Anti-HSV and VZV Agents
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212 PART 5 Antiviral Drugs Spectrum
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Neuraminidase Inhibitors 34 Agents:
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chapter 34 Neuraminidase Inhibitors
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220 PART 5 Antiviral Drugs the comm
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224 PART 5 Antiviral Drugs What The
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226 PART 5 Antiviral Drugs Adverse
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228 PART 5 Antiviral Drugs • NNRT
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230 PART 5 Antiviral Drugs The drug
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232 PART 5 Antiviral Drugs • The
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Integrase Inhibitors Agents: ralteg
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chapter 35 Antiretroviral Drugs 237
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240 PART 5 Antiviral Drugs from hea
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244 PART 5 Antiviral Drugs option f
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246 PART 5 Antiviral Drugs Think of
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248 PART 5 Antiviral Drugs ribaviri
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250 PART 5 Antiviral Drugs administ
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Hepatitis B Nucleoside Analogs 39 A
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Page 277 and 278: chapter 41 Quinolines 263 majority
Page 279 and 280: Atovaquone 42 Agents: atovaquone, a
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Page 287 and 288: Pentamidine 44 Agent: pentamidine P
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Page 298 and 299: 284 appendix 2 and thus less likely
Page 300 and 301: 286 appendix 2 Table A-2 Clinically
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Page 304 and 305: 290 appendix 3 Infection Common Pat
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Page 308 and 309: 294 Index Amoxicillin/clavulanate,
Page 310 and 311: 296 Index Broad-spectrum antibacter
Page 312 and 313: 298 Index Combivir, 221 Community-a
Page 314 and 315: 300 Index Eukaryotes, 5, 203 Extend
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