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elationship of sub-groupings. Cluster B consisted of C. bougainvilleana, C. nathorstii, C. chevalieri, C. parvulus and C. diannanensis. The similarity index indicated that C. bougainvilleana was closely related to C. nathorstii and both are in Cycas section (Table 5). The next related one in this group was C. chevalieri. As for C. parvulus and C. diannanensis, they were identified by this method as closely related to one another as also supported by Wang (1996) who grouped them in the same species based on their morphological characteristics of having broad leaflets with flat or undulate margins. All of Cycas in cluster B are from other countries. RFLP analysis For RFLP, three probes were synthesized Kasetsart J. (Nat. Sci.) 40(1) 113 0.00 0.25 0.50 0.75 1.00 A B AI AI from 5S rRNA gene, 5S rRNA repeat unit gene and 18S rRNA gene (Figures 3 and 4). The probes were hybridized with genomic DNA of all nineteen Cycas species, which had been digested with restriction enzyme BamHI, EcoRI, DraI, HindIII and StuI. It was found that three restriction enzymes: BamHI, EcoRI and DraI could be used to identify Cycas species as also seen in the genetic relationships of Leymus species (Anamthawat- Jonsson and Bodvarsdottir, 2001). However, HindIII and StuI could not be used to identify the differences among the nineteen Cycas species because restriction sites of HindIII and StuI might be in the conserved regions on Cycas (data not shown). The results showed 33 polymorphic bands which were further used to construct phylogenetic tree by NTSYS-pc program as C. chamaoensis C. macrocarpa C. pectinata C. clivicola C. siamensis C. michoitzii C. simplicipinna C. edentata C. litoralis C. pranburiensis C. tansachana C. nongnoochiae C. seemannii C. wadei C. bougainvilleana C. nathorstii C. chevalieri C. parvulus C. diannanensis Figure 3 Phylogenetic tree of nineteen Cycas species using RAPD technique. The drogram was generated from similarity index based on UPGMA. The species in bold letters were of Thailand origin. I II
114 subjected to UPGMA and resulting in the similarity index in the range of 1.0 -0.595 (Table 3). Maximum similarity at 100% was found between C. wadei and C. chevalieri as well as C. edentata and C. litoralis. Although both pairs showed 100% similarity, but only C. edentata and C. litoralis was in accordance with RAPD analysis. The least similarity of 50% were found between C. bougainvilleana and C. pranburiensis, C. siamensis and C. pranburiensis, C. nongnoochiae and C. pranburiensis. The constructed dendrogram also separated nineteen Cycas species into two clusters, A and B (Figure 6). Cluster A was further divided into group I, II and III. Group I comprised of C. chamaoensis, C. pectinata and C. bougainvilleana. It was found Kasetsart J. (Nat. Sci.) 40(1) that C. pectinata and C. chamaoensis were closely related to each other and both were also in the Indosinenses section based on their morphological classification (Table 5). Group II consisted of C. macrocapa, C. clivicola, C. simplicipinna, C. edentata, C. litoralis and C. nathorstii. The similarity index indicated that C. macrocapa and C. clivicola were closely related to one another and having the same Thailand origin, while C. edentata and C. litolaris had very high similarity index which could not be separated from each other and they were also in the same Rumphiae subsection (Table 5). Group III comprised of C. wadei, C. chevalieri, C. parvulus, C. diannanensis and C. seemannii. However, C. wadei and C. chevalieri showed very high Figure 4 Southern analysis of genomic DNA of 19 Cycas species digested with BamHI and hybridized with (A) 18S rRNA and (B) 5S rRNA lane 1 C. clivicola, lane 2 C. macrocarpa, lane 3 C. nathorstii, lane 4 C. wadei, lane 5 C. litoralis, lane 6 C. edentata, lane 7 C. chamaoensis, lane 8 C. seemannii, lane 9 C. pranburiensis, lane 10 C. simplicipinna, lane 11 C. micholitzii, lane 12 C. siamensis, lane 13 C. nongnoochiae, lane 14 C. tansachana, lane 15 C. diannanensis, lane16 C. parvulus, lane 17 C. pectinata, lane 18 C. bougainvilleana, lane 19 C. chevalieri.
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January - March 2006 Volume 40 Numb
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KASETSART JOURNAL NATURAL SCIENCE T
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In sacco Degradation Characteristic
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2 and management practices a sorghu
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4 the greater plant height was obta
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6 at Wolenchity (Figure 3) that led
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8 Stover and aboveground biomass Co
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10 Radford, B.J., A.J. Dry, L.N. Ro
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12 At present, new cultivars with h
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14 2000), grapevine (Lavee, 2000),
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16 repeatability of FW, FLT, FLW, S
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18 (Table 5) indicating that select
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Kasetsart J. (Nat. Sci.) 40 : 20 -
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22 measured to define fruit shape i
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24 for higher fruit number and yiel
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28 (Table 2). The numbers of flower
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30 to the color of fruit and seed c
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32 1999. Carrots and related vegeta
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34 MATERIALS AND METHODS Laboratory
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36 DISCUSSION Extensive studies hav
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38 from Gossypium hirsutum. J. Inse
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40 The natural resistance of plants
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42 4. Data collection and statistic
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44 was not significantly different
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46 showed the highest yield compare
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48 Kessmann, H., T. Staub, C. Hofma
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50 There are approximately 60 comme
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52 in PBST containing 2% ovalbumin
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54 Kasetsart J. (Nat. Sci.) 40(1) T
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56 Virus-free orchid plants show fa
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60 feed source was based on purchas
Page 67 and 68: 62 intake of DM, CP, ether extract
Page 69 and 70: 64 relatively slow and short. The p
Page 71 and 72: 66 week 4. Milk composition was not
Page 73 and 74: 68 Agricultural Experiment Station.
Page 75 and 76: 70 et al., 2002). In contrast to ma
Page 77 and 78: 72 level and showed marked polymorp
Page 79 and 80: Kasetsart J. (Nat. Sci.) 40 : 74 -
Page 81 and 82: 76 loam (Eutric Fluvisol) soil and
Page 83 and 84: 78 Eugenia caryophyllata, Echinops
Page 85 and 86: 80 CONCLUSION In conclusion, out of
Page 87 and 88: 82 of chromic acid titration method
Page 89 and 90: 84 initials at the time of pinning
Page 91 and 92: 86 vessels a point where the number
Page 93 and 94: 88 Kasetsart J. (Nat. Sci.) 40(1) T
Page 95 and 96: 90 CONCLUSIONS In the investigation
Page 97 and 98: 92 1994; Strand et al., 1997). Now
Page 99 and 100: 94 The clones were grown overnight
Page 101 and 102: 96 isozymes. The copy number for nu
Page 103 and 104: 98 Helianthus annuus. Theor. Appl.
Page 105 and 106: 100 MATERIALS AND METHODS Plant mat
Page 107 and 108: 102 The amount of Na + (%) 6 5 4 3
Page 109 and 110: 104 NGE, 7-16 folds). Finally, all
Page 111 and 112: 106 Anal. Biochem. 162: 156-159. Cr
Page 113 and 114: 108 grown for academic purpose at N
Page 115 and 116: 110 Cluster A was further separated
Page 117: 112 Table 2 Similarity index of 19
Page 121 and 122: 116 Tabel 3 The similarity index of
Page 123 and 124: 118 formation as seen from phylogen
Page 125 and 126: 120 Genet. 101: 860-864. Lerceteau,
Page 127 and 128: 122 INTRODUCTION Methylotrophic yea
Page 129 and 130: 124 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Screenin
Page 131 and 132: 126 optimum temperature, insignific
Page 133 and 134: 128 medium of C. boidinii (Volfova
Page 135 and 136: 130 was observed soon after 24h cul
Page 137 and 138: 132 Kasetsart J. (Nat. Sci.) 40(1)
Page 139 and 140: 134 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This work was
Page 143 and 144: 138 Determination of enzyme activit
Page 145 and 146: 140 Table 1 Optimum and stability o
Page 147 and 148: 142 for example recombinant E. coli
Page 149 and 150: 144 were studied for β-1,3-1,4-glu
Page 151 and 152: 146 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT This work was s
Page 155 and 156: 150 vulcanization times were calcul
Page 157 and 158: 152 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Mechanic
Page 159 and 160: 154 Kasetsart J. (Nat. Sci.) 40(1)
Page 161 and 162: 156 blend with 0.5 phr Irganox. How
Page 165 and 166: 160 (AA-680 ShiMADZU, Atomic Absorp
Page 167 and 168: 162 warm, relatively shallow and hi
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164 cycle in crustacean (Chen et al
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166 Salaenoi, J. 2004. Changes of e
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168 MATERIALS AND METHODS This rese
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170 DISCUSSION The average total am
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174 repacked and scanned three time
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176 found the most in the shrimp fe
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178 PLS model The comparison betwee
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180 brix value and dry matter of ma
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182 approach to increase immunity t
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184 higher (P
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186 levels were significantly eleva
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190 currents. Zone 4: River outlet
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192 standing waters, thus the occur
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194 and moving to 59%TL in juvenile
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198 thin membrane (Figure 1A, B). T
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200 were clearly seen. The presence
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202 could change to female at 6-12
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206 water until the water became cl
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208 reported by Thu and Preston (19
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210 cavalcade hay. The crude protei
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212 CONCLUSIONS Ruminal disappeared
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214 ∅rskov, E.R. and I. McDonald.
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216 is constrained mainly due to fa
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218 SNF and fat composition in raw
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220 in terms of both manual samplin
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222 Harding, F. 1995. Compositional
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224 proteins described by Barbut an
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226 starch/flour, shaken vigorously
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228 % Stress relaxation 54 49 44 39
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230 Kasetsart J. (Nat. Sci.) 40(1)
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234 categories including puffed sna
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236 Cohesiveness of mass Crispness
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238 Cohesiveness of mass Sweetness
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242 3. Physicochemical properties 3
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246 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This research
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248 are now becoming more and more
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250 downstream control. Lam Chae re
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254 Inflow (mcm.) Inflow (mcm.) Inf
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256 were above 0.70. The testing re
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258 1999-2000 could be used for tra
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262 we assume that r ≥ 2 and d r
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266 Figure 1 Prototype domains. num
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268 DISCUSSION Consequences indicat
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272 George, B. K. 1997. The GIS Boo
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discussed; and appropriateness of t
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LITERATURE CITED FORMAT Manuscripts
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PRE-SUBMISSION CHECKLIST (see “In
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Send application materials to Payme
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