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Hung Color printing Co., Ltd., Taiwan. Chia, T.F., Y.S. Chan and N.H. Chua. 1991. Survey of cymbidium mosaic and odontoglossum ringspot viruses in cultivated orchids by nucleic acid hybridization, pp. 56- 59. In Proceedings of The Nagoya International Orchid Show 91. Naganae Printing Co., Ltd. Aichi-ken. Chia, T.F. and J. He. 1999. Photosynthetic capacity in Oncidium (Orchidaceae) plants after virus eradication. Environ. Exp. Bot. 42: 11-16. Clark, M.F. and A.N. Adams. 1977. Characteristics of the microplate method of enzymelinked immunosorbent assay for the detection of plant viruses. J.Gen.Virol. 34: 475-483. Hu, J.S, S. Ferreira, M.Q. Xu, M. Lu, M. Iha, E. Pflum and M. Wang. 1994. Transmission, movement, and inactivation of cymbidium mosaic and odontoglossum ringspot viruses. Plant Dis. 78(6): 633-636. Kim, M.S., Y.R. Lee, C.H. Song, B.H. Kim, S.B. Kyun and J.S. Eun. 1997. Elimination of odontoglossum ringspot virus (ORSV) from orchid (Cymbidium spp.) by chemotherapy and thermotherapy. RDA. J. Crop Protec. 39(1): 19-24. Morel, 1960. Producing virus-free cymbidiums. Amer. Orchid Soc. Bull. 29: 473-478. Nanakorn, W. and S. Indhamusika. 2000. Queen Sirikit Botanic Garden (Vol.6). O.S. Printing House, Bangkok. Office of Agricultural Economics. 2005. Quantity and Value of Exporting Agricultural Product 2004. Available source: http://www.oae.go.th/ Import-Export.php, 15 January 2005. Pearson, M.N. and J.S. Cole. 1986. The effect of cymbidium mosaic virus and odontoglossum Kasetsart J. (Nat. Sci.) 40(1) 57 ringspot virus on the growth of Cymbidium orchids. J. of Phytopathology 117: 193-197. Porter, K.G., A.R. Kuehnle and J.S. Hu. 1996. Lack of seed transmission of cymbidium mosaic virus in dendrobium. Lindleyana 11(4): 211-213. Satula, C.L., J.M. Gillett, S.M. Morrissey and D.C. Ramsdell. 1986. Interpreting ELISA data and establishing the positive-negative threshold. Plant Dis. 70: 722-726. Vejaratpimol, R., C. Channuntapirat, T. Pewnim, K. Ito, M. Iizuka and N. Minamiura. 1998. Evaluation of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for the detection of cymbidium mosaic virus in orchids. J. Ferment. Bioeng. 86: 65-71. Wannakrairoj, S. 2004. Orchid business of Thailand, pp.109-113. In Editorial Committee of Taiwan Orchid Growers Association (ed). Proceedings of 8 th Asia Pacific Orchid Conference. Liang Hung Color Printing Co., Ltd., Taiwan. Wong, S.M. and S.H. Lim. 1994. Detection of odontoglossum ringspot virus with and amplified enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) system employing a secondary cyclic enzyme reaction. Acta Hort. 377: 183- 188. Wong, S.M., C.G. Chng, Y.H. Lee, K. Tan and F.W, Zettler. 1994. Incidence of cymbidium mosaic and odontoglossum ringspot viruses and their significance in orchid cultivation in Singapore. Crop. Prot. 13(3): 235-239. Yap, M.L., L.T. Lan-Chan, C.P. Yik, J. Kueh, S.M. Lee and H.M. Loh. 1999. Eradiation of viruses from commercial orchids. Singapore J. of Pri. Ind. 27: 11-19
Kasetsart J. (Nat. Sci.) 40 : 58 - 68 (2006) Comparative Performances of Holstein-Friesian Cows under Smallholder and Large Scale Farmers’ Management in Central Rift Valley, Ethiopia Nega Tolla1 *, Pravee Vijchulata2 , Pornsri Chairatanayuth2 and Suwapong Swsdiphanich3 ABSTRACT A study was conducted in Central Rift Valley of Ethiopia to assess comparative productive and reproductive performances of graded Holstein Friesian cows under small and large scale farmers’ management. A total of 28 animals from both small (14) and large scales farms (14) in different parity classes were used for data collection for a period of 28 weeks. Significant differences were observed in daily intakes of dry matter, crude protein and P (p
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January - March 2006 Volume 40 Numb
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KASETSART JOURNAL NATURAL SCIENCE T
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In sacco Degradation Characteristic
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2 and management practices a sorghu
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4 the greater plant height was obta
Page 11 and 12: 6 at Wolenchity (Figure 3) that led
Page 13 and 14: 8 Stover and aboveground biomass Co
Page 15 and 16: 10 Radford, B.J., A.J. Dry, L.N. Ro
Page 17 and 18: 12 At present, new cultivars with h
Page 19 and 20: 14 2000), grapevine (Lavee, 2000),
Page 21 and 22: 16 repeatability of FW, FLT, FLW, S
Page 23 and 24: 18 (Table 5) indicating that select
Page 25 and 26: Kasetsart J. (Nat. Sci.) 40 : 20 -
Page 27 and 28: 22 measured to define fruit shape i
Page 29 and 30: 24 for higher fruit number and yiel
Page 33 and 34: 28 (Table 2). The numbers of flower
Page 35 and 36: 30 to the color of fruit and seed c
Page 37 and 38: 32 1999. Carrots and related vegeta
Page 39 and 40: 34 MATERIALS AND METHODS Laboratory
Page 41 and 42: 36 DISCUSSION Extensive studies hav
Page 43 and 44: 38 from Gossypium hirsutum. J. Inse
Page 45 and 46: 40 The natural resistance of plants
Page 47 and 48: 42 4. Data collection and statistic
Page 49 and 50: 44 was not significantly different
Page 51 and 52: 46 showed the highest yield compare
Page 53 and 54: 48 Kessmann, H., T. Staub, C. Hofma
Page 55 and 56: 50 There are approximately 60 comme
Page 57 and 58: 52 in PBST containing 2% ovalbumin
Page 59 and 60: 54 Kasetsart J. (Nat. Sci.) 40(1) T
Page 61: 56 Virus-free orchid plants show fa
Page 65 and 66: 60 feed source was based on purchas
Page 67 and 68: 62 intake of DM, CP, ether extract
Page 69 and 70: 64 relatively slow and short. The p
Page 71 and 72: 66 week 4. Milk composition was not
Page 73 and 74: 68 Agricultural Experiment Station.
Page 75 and 76: 70 et al., 2002). In contrast to ma
Page 77 and 78: 72 level and showed marked polymorp
Page 81 and 82: 76 loam (Eutric Fluvisol) soil and
Page 83 and 84: 78 Eugenia caryophyllata, Echinops
Page 85 and 86: 80 CONCLUSION In conclusion, out of
Page 87 and 88: 82 of chromic acid titration method
Page 89 and 90: 84 initials at the time of pinning
Page 91 and 92: 86 vessels a point where the number
Page 93 and 94: 88 Kasetsart J. (Nat. Sci.) 40(1) T
Page 95 and 96: 90 CONCLUSIONS In the investigation
Page 97 and 98: 92 1994; Strand et al., 1997). Now
Page 99 and 100: 94 The clones were grown overnight
Page 101 and 102: 96 isozymes. The copy number for nu
Page 103 and 104: 98 Helianthus annuus. Theor. Appl.
Page 105 and 106: 100 MATERIALS AND METHODS Plant mat
Page 107 and 108: 102 The amount of Na + (%) 6 5 4 3
Page 109 and 110: 104 NGE, 7-16 folds). Finally, all
Page 111 and 112: 106 Anal. Biochem. 162: 156-159. Cr
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108 grown for academic purpose at N
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110 Cluster A was further separated
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112 Table 2 Similarity index of 19
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114 subjected to UPGMA and resultin
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116 Tabel 3 The similarity index of
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118 formation as seen from phylogen
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120 Genet. 101: 860-864. Lerceteau,
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122 INTRODUCTION Methylotrophic yea
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124 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Screenin
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126 optimum temperature, insignific
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128 medium of C. boidinii (Volfova
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130 was observed soon after 24h cul
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132 Kasetsart J. (Nat. Sci.) 40(1)
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134 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This work was
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Kasetsart J. (Nat. Sci.) 40 : 136 -
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138 Determination of enzyme activit
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140 Table 1 Optimum and stability o
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142 for example recombinant E. coli
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144 were studied for β-1,3-1,4-glu
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146 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT This work was s
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150 vulcanization times were calcul
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152 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Mechanic
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156 blend with 0.5 phr Irganox. How
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160 (AA-680 ShiMADZU, Atomic Absorp
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162 warm, relatively shallow and hi
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164 cycle in crustacean (Chen et al
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166 Salaenoi, J. 2004. Changes of e
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168 MATERIALS AND METHODS This rese
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170 DISCUSSION The average total am
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174 repacked and scanned three time
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176 found the most in the shrimp fe
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178 PLS model The comparison betwee
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180 brix value and dry matter of ma
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182 approach to increase immunity t
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184 higher (P
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186 levels were significantly eleva
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190 currents. Zone 4: River outlet
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192 standing waters, thus the occur
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194 and moving to 59%TL in juvenile
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198 thin membrane (Figure 1A, B). T
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200 were clearly seen. The presence
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202 could change to female at 6-12
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206 water until the water became cl
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208 reported by Thu and Preston (19
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210 cavalcade hay. The crude protei
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212 CONCLUSIONS Ruminal disappeared
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214 ∅rskov, E.R. and I. McDonald.
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216 is constrained mainly due to fa
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218 SNF and fat composition in raw
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220 in terms of both manual samplin
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222 Harding, F. 1995. Compositional
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224 proteins described by Barbut an
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226 starch/flour, shaken vigorously
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228 % Stress relaxation 54 49 44 39
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234 categories including puffed sna
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236 Cohesiveness of mass Crispness
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238 Cohesiveness of mass Sweetness
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242 3. Physicochemical properties 3
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246 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This research
Page 253 and 254:
248 are now becoming more and more
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250 downstream control. Lam Chae re
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254 Inflow (mcm.) Inflow (mcm.) Inf
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256 were above 0.70. The testing re
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258 1999-2000 could be used for tra
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262 we assume that r ≥ 2 and d r
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266 Figure 1 Prototype domains. num
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268 DISCUSSION Consequences indicat
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272 George, B. K. 1997. The GIS Boo
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discussed; and appropriateness of t
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LITERATURE CITED FORMAT Manuscripts
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