Good Science Victorian Curriculum Year 7

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INVESTIGATIONS Investigation 8.8 Crash cushions KEY SKILL DRAWING CONCLUSIONS CONSISTENT WITH EVIDENCE When you write a formal investigation report there is always a conclusion section that summarises the investigation by responding to (or answering) the aim. To do this you need to draw a conclusion that is consistent with the data or evidence you collected. Hint #1: You can use the following sentence stem in your conclusion: ‘The results of this investigation show …’. Hint #2: Make sure your conclusion answers or responds to your aim. AIM To investigate how different materials absorb the impact of forces MATERIALS • dynamics cart or large toy car • motion sensor that can measure force on impact (If this is not available, film the impact in slow motion and make observations based on the video footage.) • inclined plane • scissors • tape • construction paper, newspaper, cardboard boxes, straws, balloons, sponges, polystyrene and other materials Motion sensor Wall Toy car 80 cm 50 cm 10º Inclined plane 180 GOOD SCIENCE VICTORIAN CURRICULUM 7
INVESTIGATIONS METHOD 1 Copy the results table into your notebook, adding a title and rows as needed. 2 If you have access to motion sensors, attach a sensor to the cart so that it measures the force of impact when the cart comes to a stop. If motion sensors are not available, set up a device to film the collision in slow motion. 3 Set up the inclined plane as shown. 4 Allow the cart to roll down the plane, collide with the wall and come to a stop. Read the impact measurement from the sensor or make written observations from the slow motion video. Record this data in your table as ‘trial 1’. Repeat the trial and record the second measurement or observations. 5 Conduct at least three more trials. For each trial, create a 10 cm ‘cushion’ out of different materials, place it next to the wall and move the inclined plane back so there is a 50 cm space between the plane and the cushion. Allow the cart to roll down the plane, hit the cushion and come to a stop. Record the impact measurements or video observations in your table. 60 min QUESTIONS 1 Which cushion was most effective at reducing the force of impact? 2 Suggest which materials were most useful for reducing impact, and explain why. 3 Suggest ways in which cushioning materials could be used in cars to reduce the impact of a crash. CONCLUSION Copy and complete: ‘The results show that: (respond to the aim)’. Level 2 RESULTS TABLE I8.8 Trial Cushion material Force of impact (first run) Force of impact (second run) 1 None 2 3 4 181
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Good Science Victorian Curriculum Year 7

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