Good Science Victorian Curriculum Year 7
Digital sample of Matilda's newest publication, Good Science Victorian Curriculum Year, authored by Emma Craven and Aaron Elias. For more information visit www.matildaeducation.com.au or email Katrina Tucker, katrinatucker@matildaed.com.au
Digital sample of Matilda's newest publication, Good Science Victorian Curriculum Year, authored by Emma Craven and Aaron Elias. For more information visit www.matildaeducation.com.au or email Katrina Tucker, katrinatucker@matildaed.com.au
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CHAPTER 5: MIXTURES<br />
2<br />
Magnets are used to process iron ore<br />
Iron is another vital metal – it’s the main component used to make steel.<br />
It is magnetic and this property can be used to separate minerals that<br />
contain iron from waste rock.<br />
Rock containing iron minerals is crushed into a fine powder then<br />
dropped onto a conveyor belt. At the end of the conveyor belt,<br />
a magnetic roller attracts the pieces containing iron. As the waste<br />
rock reaches the roller, the non-magnetic pieces drop off the belt<br />
immediately. The pieces containing the iron are carried further around<br />
the belt and collected for processing.<br />
How are magnets used to separate iron minerals from rock?<br />
INVESTIGATION 5.5<br />
Froth flotation<br />
KEY SKILL<br />
Identifying and<br />
managing<br />
relevant risks<br />
Go to page 158<br />
Figure 5.10 Magnetic<br />
separation can be used to<br />
process metals such as iron.<br />
Conveyor belt<br />
Impurities<br />
(not magnetic)<br />
Magnetic ore<br />
Ore powder<br />
Roller with<br />
magnet<br />
Roller<br />
CHECKPOINT 5.5<br />
1 Identify the difference between<br />
copper minerals and waste<br />
rock that allows them to be<br />
separated by froth flotation.<br />
2 Identify the difference between<br />
iron minerals and waste<br />
rock that allows them to be<br />
separated by magnets.<br />
3 Identify the difference<br />
between the components<br />
of crude oil that allows them<br />
to be separated by fractional<br />
distillation.<br />
4 Suggest why it is important to<br />
crush rock into a fine powder<br />
before froth flotation or<br />
magnetic separation.<br />
3<br />
Crude oil is processed using fractional<br />
distillation<br />
Crude oil is a mixture of chemicals such as petrol, oil, kerosene and<br />
diesel. Each of these chemicals is useful, so a process called fractional<br />
distillation is used to separate them from the crude oil.<br />
The crude oil is placed in a piece of equipment called a fractionating<br />
column and then heated. As each liquid evaporates, it rises up the<br />
column. As it rises, it cools, and when it cools to below its boiling point<br />
it becomes a liquid and leaves the column through a tube. Each liquid<br />
rises to a different height in the column, depending on its boiling point.<br />
How is crude oil separated into different liquids?<br />
ETHICAL CAPABILITY<br />
5 The world is very dependant<br />
on crude oil, but unfortunately<br />
its use has a significant<br />
environmental impact. Identify<br />
some ethical considerations<br />
for the environment as well<br />
as society.<br />
SUCCESS CRITERIA<br />
I can describe froth flotation<br />
and magnetic separation in<br />
my own words.<br />
I can give two examples<br />
of situations where froth<br />
flotation and magnetic<br />
separation would be used<br />
to separate a mixture.<br />
77
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