Good Science Victorian Curriculum Year 7
Digital sample of Matilda's newest publication, Good Science Victorian Curriculum Year, authored by Emma Craven and Aaron Elias. For more information visit www.matildaeducation.com.au or email Katrina Tucker, katrinatucker@matildaed.com.au
Digital sample of Matilda's newest publication, Good Science Victorian Curriculum Year, authored by Emma Craven and Aaron Elias. For more information visit www.matildaeducation.com.au or email Katrina Tucker, katrinatucker@matildaed.com.au
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CHAPTER 5: MIXTURES<br />
2<br />
3<br />
Filtration separates liquids from solids<br />
Filtration is used to separate insoluble substances from liquids. The filter<br />
acts like a sieve, using small holes to trap larger particles.<br />
Figure 5.8 shows how filter paper can separate a chalk and water<br />
mixture. The solid chalk particles get trapped in the filter paper<br />
and the liquid water passes through the filter paper. The chalk left<br />
in the filter paper is called the residue and the liquid that passes<br />
through the filter paper is called the filtrate.<br />
How does filtration separate solids and liquids?<br />
Figure 5.8 A filter can be<br />
used to separate chalk<br />
particles from water.<br />
Funnel<br />
Filter<br />
paper<br />
Flask<br />
Residue (chalk)<br />
Filtrate (water)<br />
Decanting separates sediments from liquids<br />
Decanting can also be used to separate insoluble solids from liquids.<br />
After an insoluble solid in a mixture settles to the bottom of a container,<br />
the liquid can be poured out carefully, leaving the solid behind.<br />
Think back to the ‘lost in the bush' scenario at the start of this section.<br />
The solid mud settled to the bottom of the container as a sediment.<br />
When the water was poured out from the top, the mud was left behind.<br />
How does decanting separate solids and liquids?<br />
Chalk<br />
particles<br />
in water<br />
INVESTIGATION 5.4<br />
Purifying muddy water<br />
KEY SKILL<br />
Explaining results<br />
using scientific<br />
knowledge<br />
Go to page 156<br />
CHECKPOINT 5.4<br />
1 Which of these is a mixture?<br />
a Gold<br />
b Concrete<br />
c Air<br />
d Oxygen<br />
e Pure water<br />
f Sea water<br />
2 For your answers to question 1,<br />
describe how you can tell it is<br />
a mixture.<br />
3 Name three soluble substances.<br />
4 Sand is an insoluble substance<br />
– suggest how you can tell.<br />
5 Using words and a diagram,<br />
explain filtration.<br />
6 Describe the process of<br />
decanting in 15 words or less.<br />
7 Compare the physical<br />
properties that allow filtration<br />
and decanting to work.<br />
8 In a laboratory, you are given<br />
a mixture of salt, dust and<br />
pebbles. Design a method<br />
of separating these three<br />
substances.<br />
CRITICAL AND<br />
CREATIVE THINKING<br />
9 Design a machine that could<br />
utilise elements of filtering or<br />
decanting (or both) to solve a<br />
problem in everyday life.<br />
SUCCESS CRITERIA<br />
I can describe filtration and<br />
decanting in my own words.<br />
I can give two examples of<br />
situations where filtration<br />
and decanting would be<br />
used to separate a mixture.<br />
75
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