Good Science Victorian Curriculum Year 7

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GLOSSARY acceleration any change in the speed or direction of an object agriculture the science or practice of farming algae organisms living in water that make food by photosynthesis angiosperm a plant that produces seeds in fruit or flowers annular ring-shaped antibiotic a substance that kills or slows the growth of bacteria aqueous containing water astronomer a scientist who studies space and the objects within it axis a real or imaginary line through the centre of an object bacteria microscopic, unicellular organisms that can live in a range of environments biodiversity the variety of organisms in an ecosystem biofuel a substance produced from living things that can be burnt to create energy boiling point the temperature at which something changes from a liquid to a gas boom a floating barrier used to temporarily contain an oil spill bryophyte a plant that doesn’t contain vascular tissue Bunsen burner a piece of equipment used in science that produces a single open gas flame carnivore an organism that eats only animals classification the process of sorting things into groups or classes coefficient of friction a value that indicates how easily an object moves when interacting with another material compress to squash into a smaller space condensation changing from a gas to a liquid condenser a glass tube cooled by water that cools a gas to become a liquid consumer an organism that gains energy by consuming other organisms contract to get smaller; shrink controlled variables all the things that need to stay the same during an investigation crude oil oil that has not yet been separated into useable petroleum products crystallisation separation of a solution by evaporating the solvent, leaving behind solute crystals cultivation preparing and using land for crops or gardening decanting carefully pouring the liquid from a mixture, leaving the sediment behind decomposer an organism that breaks down and recycles decaying matter decomposition the process of rotting and decay deforestation the removal of trees to make land suitable for other uses deform to change shape density how heavy something is for its size; mass divided by volume dependent variable the thing that will be measured and is altered by the independent variable dichotomous divided into two parts disinfection destroying bacteria, often using special light or chlorine dissolve to mix a solid into a liquid to form a mixture called a solution distillation using heating to separate liquids with different boiling points eclipse the blocking of the Sun’s light from Earth ecosystem a community of living and non-living things energy the ability to do physical things such as move or change equinox the two times each year when night and day are about the same length ethics beliefs about what is right and wrong eukaryote an organism with a nucleus and structures inside its cell(s) euryhaline the ability to survive in water with various salinity levels, from fresh to very salty evaporation changing from a liquid to a gas evidence facts and observations that can be used to support or oppose a theory evolve change over many generations to adapt to the environment expand to get bigger; increase in size experiment an investigation carried out under controlled conditions, to test a hypothesis exploration processes undertaken to find rocks that contain minerals fair test an investigation in which only one factor is changed and all other variables are kept the same fieldwork an investigation conducted in the natural environment, not a laboratory filtrate the liquid that passes through a filter finite limited in size or amount food chain a path of energy through an ecosystem food web a system of interlocking food chains force a push, pull or twist on an object when it interacts with another object fossil fuel a natural fuel formed over millions of years from the remains of living things 184 GOOD SCIENCE VICTORIAN CURRICULUM 7
fractional distillation a method that separates liquids by using their different boiling points friction a force opposite to the motion of surfaces in contact froth flotation a method that uses special chemicals to separate minerals from their ores fulcrum the point on which a lever turns when moving an object galaxy a large system of stars gravitational force the force that attracts physical objects with mass towards each other gymnosperm a plant that produces seeds in cones habitat the place where an animal or plant naturally lives hazard something that can harm living things, objects or the environment heat a type of energy heating flame the blue (very hot) flame of a Bunsen burner (approx. 1500ºC), used for heating substances herbivore an organism that eats only plants hydropower electricity generated by flowing water turning a turbine hypothesis a scientific statement that can be tested immiscible not able to be mixed impact the effect of a force inclined tilted up at an angle from horizontal independent variable the thing that is purposely changed during an investigation inference an educated guess or judgement based on observations insoluble something that does not dissolve interact to act on each other invertebrate an organism without a backbone or spinal cord irrigation supplying water to land or crops key a system for identifying characteristics lever a bar acted upon at different points by two forces lubrication a substance that makes a surface slippery or smooth made resource a resource that is manufactured from natural resources magnitude the size or power of an object, energy or force mass the amount of matter in an object matter the particles that make up all physical substances; anything that has mass and takes up space melting point the temperature at which something changes from a solid to a liquid microorganism an organism that is only visible under a microscope mineral deposit rocks that contain a particular mineral mineral ore a mineral that contains useful metals mixture a substance that is composed of different types of particles, all mixed together model a simplified way of explaining something complex and real based on evidence monoculture the practice of cultivating a single crop in a given area motion the change in position of an object over time natural resource a resource that is valuable in its natural form naturalist someone who studies nature and its history net force the sum of all forces acting on an object non-biodegradable does not break down in the environment non-renewable resource a resource that can run out, or one that takes longer than a human life span to be restored observation something you see and know to be true oil slick a layer of oil on the surface of water omnivore an organism that eats both animals and plants orbit the curved path a smaller object takes around another object ore a rock found in nature that contains metal ore body a mineral deposit that is profitable to mine organism an individual animal, plant or other living thing paper chromatography a technique used to separate coloured substances using a strip of paper and a solvent parasite an organism that lives in or on another organism, causing it harm particle a very small amount of matter particle model a model used to describe the properties of solids, liquids and gases pathogen a microorganism that can cause disease penumbra the outer part of the Moon’s shadow on Earth pesticides chemicals used on farms to protect crops by killing pests plankton microscopic, animal-like organisms that float or drift in water population all the living things of one species in a particular area predator a consumer that kills and feeds on another animal prediction a statement about the future based on observation and evidence GLOSSARY 185
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GOOD SCIENCE VICTORIAN CURRICULUM Y
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GOOD SCIENCE VICTORIAN CURRICULUM Y
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MAKE EVERY LESSON A GOOD LESSON
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Chapter 5 Mixtures . . . . . . . .
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VICTORIAN CURRICULUM SCIENCE LEVELS
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CHAPTER 1: SCIENCE SKILLS 3 SEE-KNO
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CHAPTER 1: SCIENCE SKILLS 2 Get to
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CHAPTER 1: SCIENCE SKILLS Get to kn
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CHAPTER 1: SCIENCE SKILLS 3 Organis
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CHAPTER 1: SCIENCE SKILLS 3 The ind
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CHAPTER 1: SCIENCE SKILLS RESULTS T
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Test tube brush Test tube Beaker Br
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CHAPTER 2: CLASSIFICATION 3 SEE-KNO
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CHAPTER 2: CLASSIFICATION 2 3 Livin
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CHAPTER 2: CLASSIFICATION Keys iden
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CHAPTER 2: CLASSIFICATION 2 Every s
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CHAPTER 2: CLASSIFICATION 2 Inverte
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CHAPTER 2: CLASSIFICATION 2 Seeds,
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CHAPTER 2: CLASSIFICATION Figure 2.
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CHAPTER 2: CLASSIFICATION 3 Bacteri
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CHAPTER 2: CLASSIFICATION FINAL CHA
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CHAPTER 3: ECOSYSTEMS 3 SEE-KNOW-WO
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CHAPTER 3: ECOSYSTEMS 3 Decomposers
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CHAPTER 3: ECOSYSTEMS Table 3.2 Org
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CHAPTER 3: ECOSYSTEMS 3 Symbiosis i
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CHAPTER 3: ECOSYSTEMS 2 3 Some micr
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CHAPTER 3: ECOSYSTEMS 2 3 Removing
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CHAPTER 3: ECOSYSTEMS 3 Reducing an
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CHAPTER 3: ECOSYSTEMS Figure 3.16 T
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CHAPTER 3: ECOSYSTEMS FINAL CHALLEN
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CHAPTER 4: STATES OF MATTER 3 SEE-K
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CHAPTER 4: STATES OF MATTER 2 3 The
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CHAPTER 4: STATES OF MATTER 2 3 Sub
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CHAPTER 4: STATES OF MATTER 2 3 Liq
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CHAPTER 4: STATES OF MATTER 2 3 4 L
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CHAPTER 4: STATES OF MATTER 2 3 Den
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CHAPTER 4: STATES OF MATTER FINAL C
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CHAPTER 5: MIXTURES 3 SEE-KNOW-WOND
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CHAPTER 5: MIXTURES 2 3 Mixtures ar
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CHAPTER 5: MIXTURES 3 4 Solutions a
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CHAPTER 5: MIXTURES 2 3 Water is a
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CHAPTER 5: MIXTURES 2 3 Filtration
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CHAPTER 5: MIXTURES 2 Magnets are u
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CHAPTER 5: MIXTURES 2 Distillation
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CHAPTER 5: MIXTURES 2 3 A separatin
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CHAPTER 5: MIXTURES 2 Sewage is pro
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CHAPTER 5: MIXTURES 3 Oil spills ca
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CHAPTER 5: MIXTURES FINAL CHALLENGE
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CHAPTER 6: EARTH, THE SUN AND THE M
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CHAPTER 7: EARTH’S RESOURCES 23 S
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CHAPTER 7: EARTH’S RESOURCES 3 no
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CHAPTER 7: EARTH’S RESOURCES 3 Ro
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CHAPTER 7: EARTH’S RESOURCES 3 4
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CHAPTER 7: EARTH’S RESOURCES Figu
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CHAPTER 7: EARTH’S RESOURCES FINA
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CHAPTER 8: FORCES 3 SEE-KNOW-WONDER
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CHAPTER 8: FORCES 3 What would happ
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CHAPTER 8: FORCES 2 We can predict
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CHAPTER 8: FORCES 2 The direction o
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CHAPTER 8: FORCES 2 3 Kinetic frict
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CHAPTER 8: FORCES 2 Other forces in
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CHAPTER 8: FORCES Imagine a mattres
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Page 149 and 150: INVESTIGATIONS KEY SKILLS Writing a
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Page 153 and 154: INVESTIGATIONS Investigation 2.6 Gr
Page 155 and 156: INVESTIGATIONS Investigation 3.2 Mo
Page 157 and 158: INVESTIGATIONS Investigation 4.1 Co
Page 159 and 160: INVESTIGATIONS Investigation 4.3 Ex
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Page 171 and 172: INVESTIGATIONS Investigation 5.7B S
Page 173 and 174: INVESTIGATIONS Investigation 6.2 Mo
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Page 195 and 196: INDEX Aboriginal and Torres Strait
Page 197 and 198: photosynthesis 30, 31, 36, 42, 109
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Good Science Victorian Curriculum Year 7

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