The Marines, Counterinsurgency, and Strategic Culture

50 Chapter 2
36. Brogan, American Character, 65.
37. Du Bois, “Dominant Value Profile,” 1234; Mason, “Characterization of American
Culture,” 1268–69.
38. Stewart and Bennett, American Cultural Patterns, 69, 155; Datesman, Crandall,
and Kearny, American Ways, 85–86.
39. Stewart and Bennett, American Cultural Patterns, 76 (italics added).
40. Adamsky, Culture of Military Innovation, 75.
41. Brogan, American Character, 32–34, 74.
42. Du Bois, “Dominant Value Profile”; Datesman, Crandall, and Kearny, American
Ways, 85–86.
43. Gray, “British and American Strategic Cultures,” 45.
44. Moore, “Strategic Culture.”
45. Gray, “Irregular Enemies,” 33.
46. Stewart and Bennett, American Cultural Patterns, 75.
47. Brogan, American Character, 148; Williams, “Values and Modern Education,”
65–66; Stewart and Bennett, American Cultural Patterns, 36; Hall and Hall,
Understanding Cultural Differences, 148; Kincade, “American National Style,”
12–13; Althen, American Ways, 11.
48. Hoffman, Gulliver’s Troubles, 111. Linear thinking is a cognitive style exhibited
by much of the Western Hemisphere; see Lam et al., “Cultural Differences,”
1296–1309. For an intensive examination of American cognitive style,
see Adamsky, Culture of Military Innovation.
49. Stewart and Bennett, American Cultural Patterns, 69. Claude S. Fischer cites a
Pew poll from 2002–3 that collected data from across forty- four nations: “At a
ratio of two to one, Americans were the most likely . . . to reject the proposition
that ‘success in life is pretty much determined by forces outside our control.’”
Made in America, 210.
50. Mason, “Characterization of American Culture,” 1268; Stewart and Bennett,
American Cultural Patterns, 30–31; Datesman, Crandall, and Kearny, American
Ways, 106; Gray, “Out of the Wilderness,” 224.
51. Mason, “Characterization of American Culture,” 1268; Stewart and Bennett,
American Cultural Patterns, 74; Hall and Hall, Understanding Cultural Differences,
140–41;
52. Datesman, Crandall, and Kearny, American Ways, 106.
53. Ibid., 34–35, 103.
54. Brogan, American Character, 67.
55. Du Bois, “Dominant Value Profile,” 1235.
56. Gray, “Irregular Enemies,” 44.
57. Williams, “Values and Modern Education,” 65–66.
58. Aylwin- Foster, “Changing the Army,” 35. Thomas Ricks notes the same disdain
for, and attempts at complete divorcement from, civilian culture in the
Marine Corps. Ricks, Making the Corps. An energetic defense of the culture
gap between US military and civilian society is provided by Hillen, “Must U.S.
Military Culture Reform?”