Pre-Colombian Jamaica: Caribbean Archeology and Ethnohistory

Cultural Variants / 89
predominant White Marl complex. The details of Vanderwal’s excavations were
not published, but this cannot be said with regard to Cinnamon Hill (J10), excavated
by Father Osborne in 1974 (AJ 1976, 1:1–7). The archaeological material
from this site was defined as “White Marl with Montego Bay sub- style
features.” A plan of the site, with the excavated grid squares, is at Appendix 25.
Unfortunately, the depth of deposit seems to have been quite shallow, the excavated
material being divided into only two levels of 10 in (25 cm) each. About
5,000 potsherds were recovered. Only 627 rims and decorated pieces were analyzed
in detail, and the frequency of certain characteristics was established for
the two levels (Appendix 26). An increase in filleted rims and incised decoration
in the upper level was noted. A more complete description of the pottery,
with suitable line drawings, was promised but did not materialize; hence, it is
difficult to provide a more comprehensive characterization of the site.
The work done by Lee permits a much fuller idea to be obtained of the Montego
Bay style. He located and mapped 21 middens and one cave, which he regarded
as belonging to this cultural variant, to which may be added the site
excavated by Keegan at Paradise Park and given the name Sweetwater (Wes
15b) (Keegan et al. 2003). The sites stretch in an arc along the western coasts
of Jamaica, from Windsor (A19) in the northeast to Fort Charles (E2) in the
southeast, the majority being concentrated in the parishes of St. James and Trelawny.
The full list is as follows: Windsor (A19), Cranbrook (A20), New Forest
(T1), Braco (T2), Pantrepant (T7), Hampstead (T11), Harmony Hall (T17),
Hartfield (J1), Fairfield (J3), Cinnamon Hill (J10), Mount Salem (J11), Salt
Spring (J12), Virgin Valley (J14), Spot Valley (J15), Leader Avenue (J16), Tryall
#1 (J20), Chew Stick (J21), Point Pen (H8), Duck Pond (W6), Negril Spots
(W7), Fort Charles (E2), Abingdon Cave (HC1). It should be pointed out that
for many years (J1) was regarded by Lee and others as the equivalent of the
Mammee Hill site described by Duerden (1897:16–17) and it was referred to
by Vanderwal as such (Vanderwal 1968a:53–55 and Figure 7). In 1983, however,
Lee came to the conclusion that Mammee Hill really corresponds to (J20)
(AJ 1983, 2:18). The Lee Collection includes at least some material from all the
sites, with the exception of Abingdon Cave. In 1966 Lee noted that portions
of bowls at this site had become cemented in place by dripstone, and that one
still contained human bones (AJ 1966, 7:1). In 1975 “somewhat scarce potsherds”
collected in the vicinity “favoured the Montego Bay style” (AJ 1975,
3:1–2). The most abundant material in the collection comes from New Forest
(T1), Hartfield (J1), Fairfield (J3), and Windsor (A19). The majority of the
sites have relatively little material (< 100 pieces each), but it is not difficult to