Pre-Colombian Jamaica: Caribbean Archeology and Ethnohistory

Principal Excavated Sites in Jamaica / 157
tween them, except for the increased occurrence of feldspars in the red- brown
variety. There were 32 stone celts and one of shell. The majority of the raw material
for the stone celts comes from the Above Rocks inlier and the Blue Mountain
inlier, although other source areas include the Wagwater Belt. There were
149 chert flakes, 19 hammerstones, one anthropomorphic figurine of poorly
cemented calcareous grit (AJ 1976, 3:Figure 12C), and 11 other lithics. There
was one chalcedony bead and five pendants or other ornaments, including one
made of vegetable gum, possibly from the lignum vitae tree (AJ 1976, 3:Figure
12B). It is claimed that there were two eyed needles made from fish bones
(AJ 1976, 3:Figure 12E).
E. S. Wing analyzed the vertebrate fauna from cultural layers 2 and 3 of the
first excavation (Appendix 10, reproduced here at Table 23). There were 1,207
identifiable fragments belonging to 16 species, corresponding to a minimum
number of individuals (MNI) of 126. One thousand, one hundred sixty- five
of the fragments and 103 of the MNI belonged to hutía. Wing calculated
that 88–89 percent of the total including hutía belonged to land species. Both
in 1974–1975 and in 1976–1977, “representative samples” of mollusks were
collected from the relevant squares and layers. The first excavation produced
19 marine species and five terrestrial, the proportions of the latter increasing
in cultural layer 2 as compared with layer 3. The second excavation produced
27 marine species and (the same) five terrestrial. Taking the two sets together,
the commonest species represented included Melongena melongena, Neritina piratica,
Neritina reclivata, Neritina virginea, Anadara ovalis, Arca zebra, Chione
granulata, Codakia orbicularis, Ostrea frons, and Anadara brasiliana. All except
the last are found at Chancery Hall, and in that case, the indications are that
these shells came mainly from what is now Kingston Harbour.
References: AJ 1972, 2:1–3; 1972, 3:1–2; 1973, 1:2; 1973, 2:2; 1974, 2:2–
3; 1977, 2:3, 5; 1978, 4:2; 1980, 2:5; 1981, 1:1–2; 1986, 1 and 2:2, 6; Medhurst
(1976) The Bellevue Site, AJ 1976, 3:3–12 and AJ 1976, 4:12–40; Wing
(1977) Use of Animals by the People Inhabiting the Bellevue Site, AJ 1977,
1:2–7; Medhurst (1977a) K13 Bellevue— Analysis of Mollusc Shells, AJ 1977,
1:8–9; Medhurst (1977b) Bellevue (K13) Phase II, AJ 1977, 3:1–9, 12–19;
Cundall 1915, 1939.
Manchester
Rowe’s Corner (M3)
Mapped by Lee in 1964. Situated east of the Duff House Property Great House,
described as a “White Marl type village.” Lee collected “numerous water jar