Pre-Colombian Jamaica: Caribbean Archeology and Ethnohistory

Nature of the Collection / 67
in that group. The remainder of the illustrated material all comes from White
Marl type sites. Worth noting is a boat end with incised lugs from S1 White
Marl itself (wlc 51), decorated rim sherds from A8 Bengal and Y8 Went worth
(wlc 52 and 27), an anthropomorphic lug from C1 Round Hill (wlc 47), chert
and a conch shell celt from Y4 Rio Nuevo (wlc 64, 67, 71, 73, 74), and, especially,
three ceramic spindle whorls from M6 Gibbs Run S.E. (wlc 90–92).
The second group contains 65 artifacts, of which 61 come from sites mapped
by Lee and four from other known locations. This collection, which is illustrated
here at Figures 11–15, consists for the most part of rare and unusual
items. In total there are 30 items of stone; 8 fragments of pottery; 12 earthenware
beads, stamps, plugs, and pendants; and 15 items of shell. The stone inventory
includes 7 pendants, 12 beads, 3 celts, 1 rubbing stone, 1 hook, 1 ball,
1 anthropomorphic figure, and 4 chisels. Lee devoted a special article to stone
pendants, which appeared in “Archaeology Jamaica,” with two pages of his
own drawings, including some of the pieces shown here (AJ 1973, 2:1–4 and
1977, 2:5). The anthropomorphic figure is from C7 Harmony Hall, and was
described as a “carved brown sandstone head,” obviously broken off at the
neck, which was probably originally “a decoration at the head of a pestle” (AJ
1967, 11:1). Chisels, although rare, have long been known from Jamaica, and
were described by Duerden (1897:31–34, Figure VII and Plate I). A further
example, in an excavated context, was found at Coleraine (Y19) in 2003. The
earthenware inventory is mostly hitherto unpublished but includes a stamp
from M4 Bottom Bay, which, it was thought, could have been used with damp
pigment to daub the skin (AJ 1981, 3:4–5; cf. Appendix 11). The shell inventory
includes 8 pierced Oliva shells and 2 others, as well as 1 celt, 1 pendant,
and 3 shell teeth insets that were compared to examples known from Cuba (AJ
66, 12:1). The second edition of Tabío and Rey’s Prehistoria de Cuba (1985)
contains an illustration of the piece referred to (Figure 26, no. 4). There is also
a very good parallel in Ramón Dacal Moure and Manuel Rivero de la Calle’s
book Art and Archaeology of Pre- Columbian Cuba (1996:Colored Plate 7) where
the so- called Cigar Idol is illustrated. In this case the shell inlays for both eyes
and mouth are still in place. The 61 artifacts from mapped sites come from 24
locations: 7 Redware sites with 30 artifacts, plus 4 Montego Bay, 1 Port Morant,
and 12 White Marl sites with 31 artifacts. Forty- seven of these artifacts,
as well as the four pieces from other known locations, are shown here.
Artifacts from six of the Redware sites are illustrated at Figures 11, 12.3,
and 15.12. Figures 11.1 and 11.7 are typical pottery lugs, red slipped and incised.
The stamp already mentioned is at 11.2, accompanied by earthenware