The cultural context of biodiversity conservation - Oapen

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16 The cultural context of biodiversity conservation subjective continuity‹ and are conditioned by ›unique contingencies‹ of life histories and ›structural positions‹ in political-economic systems as abstractly termed by authors such as Fischer (1999). I have written the thesis with the intention to document connections related to personal lives of people, who cannot be reduced to ›anthropogenic factors‹, ›stakeholders‹ or even objectified as ›human capital‹. They live within complex real-world relations made up of a dynamic entity of occasions and dialogues between human beings, nature and deities intimately related to each other. Fig. 1.1 Traditional masked dance-drama performed in Cobán
2 THE GLOBAL CONTEXT – international policies and local environments In recent decades, environmental issues have become increasingly recognised in international politics. In particular, the effort to protect the ›global commons‹ became a major theme of contemporary debate. Since the late 1980s, conservation and sustainable development appeared as key concepts in contemporary discursive strategies on the global agenda. 1 Within this frame, the term biological diversity, or biodiversity in its abbreviated form, gained significant weight and has determined discussions in the 1990s. In general, its notion encompasses the variety of life on earth, ranging from genetic diversity and the diversity of species to the diversity of ecosystems. 2 As a scientific concept, biodiversity originated in conservation biology. Biologists have drawn attention to the fact that biodiversity as a repository of genetic information is highly valuable. In conservationist thought, a basic conviction is that diversity benefits the 1 According to the definition of IUCN, conservation may be understood as »the management of human use of organisms or ecosystems to ensure such use is sustainable« (Kalland 2000: 330). The term sustainable development was introduced in the Brundtland report Our common future presented in 1987 by the World Commission for Environment and Development as a concept, »which meets the needs and aspirations of the present generation without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their needs« (cited by Arts 1994: 328). 2 A more detailed definition is provided by the international Convention on Biological Diversity (see chapter 2.2), which defines biological diversity as »the variability among living organisms from all sources including, inter alia, terrestrial, marine and other aquatic ecosystems and the ecological complexes of which they are part; this includes diversity within species, between species and of ecosystems«. Ecosystem means »a dynamic complex of plant, animals and micro-organism communities and their non-living environment acting as a functional unit« (Gündling 2002: 35).
Page 1: Göttinger Beiträge zur Ethnologie
Page 4 and 5: Published in 2008 by Universitätsv
Page 6 and 7: Bibliographische Information der De
Page 9 and 10: CONTENTS Acknowledgements Prologue
Page 11: Contents 5.2 The context of meaning
Page 14 and 15: Acknowledgements Many other friends
Page 16 and 17: ABBREVIATIONS ADICI Asociación de
Page 18 and 19: 2 The cultural context of biodivers
Page 26 and 27: 10 The cultural context of biodiver
Page 51 and 52: 3 THE DISCURSIVE CONTEXT - conceptu
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The discursive context accelerated
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The discursive context Beyond its s
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The discursive context tivity that
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The discursive context a religious
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The discursive context The sense of
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The discursive context to us as adu
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The discursive context In this way,
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The discursive context concurrence.
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The discursive context In discussin
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The discursive context In the same
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The discursive context efforts payi
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The discursive context 3.4.1 The co
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The discursive context In order to
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The discursive context Apart from t
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The discursive context and organisi
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The discursive context 3.4.3 The sy
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The discursive context terms throug
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The discursive context Nevertheless
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The discursive context hypotheses.
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The discursive context for a partic
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The discursive context tions with t
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4 THE LOCAL CONTEXT - national poli
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The local context 4.1.1 Biological
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The local context Map 4.1 Distribut
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The local context tions as a counte
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The local context the area known as
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The local context Moreover, the ret
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The local context 4.2 The Maya-Q'eq
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The local context The integration o
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The local context 4.2.2 Historical
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The local context In the early 1980
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The local context 4.3 The conservat
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The local context Fig. 4.6 A view f
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The local context 4.3.2 The co-mana
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The local context Fig. 4.7 Discussi
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The local context poor condition of
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The local context 4.4.2 Methodologi
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The local context not specify the r
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The local context lowed to witness
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5 LOCAL EXPRESSIONS OF INDIGENOUS K
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Local expressions of indigenous kno
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250 The cultural context of biodive
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252 The cultural context of biodive
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EPILOGUE At the end of my last stay
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REFERENCES
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References Atran, Scott et al. (200
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References Brush, Stephen B. & Dore
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References Dove, Michael (1996). Ce
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References Gari, Josep-Antoni (2000
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References Hajer, Maarten & Frank F
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References Kockelman, Paul (2003).
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References Messer, Ellen (2001). Th
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References Oviedo, Gonzalo/Luisa Ma
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References Redford, Kent/Katrina Br
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References — (2002a). Participant
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References UNEP-WCMC (2003). Tradit
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APPENDIX
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Appendix Map 4.3 Alta Verapaz and m
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Göttinger Studien zur Ethnologie h
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