Anatolian Civilizations and Historical Sites - TEDA

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ANATOLIAN CIVILIZATIONS:10x19 antik kentler 8/1/11 10:51 AM Sayfa 146 Plan of Miletos 1.The Theater 2.Heroon 3-4.The Lions statues, Hellenistic times 5.Roman Baths 6.Little Harbor monument (1 st century BC) 7.Synagogue 8.Great Harbor monument 9.Harbor Stoa, Hellenistic times 10. Delphoinion, Arcaic Period 11.Harbor gateway 12.Small bazaar, Hellenistic times 13.Northern Agora, Hellenistic times 14.Ionic Stoa 15.Ceremonial road 16.Baths of Capito, Cladius Period 17.Gymnasion (2 nd century BC) 18.Temple of Asklepios 19.Sanctuary for the Imperial Cult 20.Bouleuterion 21.Fountain 22.Northern gateway 23.Bishopric church 24.South Agora, Hellenistic and Roman times 25.Storage building 26.Heroon, Roman Period 27.Temple of Serapis 28.Faustina Baths harbors-one commercial, the other military. Alluvion carried down by the River Meander (now called the Menderes) however gradually filled in the sea before Miletos with the result that the city now lies a considerable way inland. It was this silting-in more than anything else that caused Miletos to lose its importance. By Byzantine times, the city had shrunk to the citadel located behind the theater. In the 13 th century, the Seljuk Turks; took Miletos (which they called ‘Balat’, the name it had in Ottoman
ANATOLIAN CIVILIZATIONS:10x19 antik kentler 8/1/11 10:51 AM Sayfa times as well). The khan located before the theater is a work of the Seljuks. One may approach the site of Miletos by vehicle as far as the theater, which even today stands out magnificently from a distance. Let us start our tour of Miletos therefore from the theater. The theater of Miletos measures 140 m. in width and is 30 m. high. The original structure was built in the 4 th century BC and was later expanded during Hellenistic times. It was during the Roman Period that the theater asumed the appearance it still has today. The theater could seat 15,000. The emperor's box was in the lowest row and two of the four columns that supported its awning are still in place. The extensive ruins near the theater are the Baths of Faustina which, together with their palaestra, have survived in very good condition. The palaestra of the baths is nearly square-shaped, measuring 77.50 by 79.41 m.. The colonnades surrounding its courtyard are in the Corinthian order. The Faustina baths, built by the Roman empress Faustina, wife of Marcus Aurelius (161-180 AD) are a good example of the ‘bath culture’ of the ancient world. The palaestra was entered through a long apoditerium, a room that served as a dressing room. In the wall at the northern end of this room are niches that once contained statues (The statues are now in the ‹stanbul Archaeological Museum). From here, one could enter the frigidarium or cold section. In the central room of the frigidarium was a big pool with two fountains-of a river god and of a lion, still in place today-that provided its water. From the frigidarium the bather then passed into the calidarium the bather then passed into the calidarium or hot section consisting of two big rooms with apses. From here, the bather then proceeded to the tepidarium or cooling chamber and then finally back to the apoditerium where they retrieved their clothes. Adjacent to the Faustina baths is the Temple of Serapis, located behind the city walls built during the reign of Justinianus. The building is a triple-naved basilica and has a four-columned portico. It was built in the 3 rd century AD. Before the Serapis temple lie the ruins of a long storage building or warehouse after which we reach the South Agora covering an area measuring 164 by 196 m.. Originally built in the 2 nd century BC it was altered during Roman times. The northern gate of the agora is no longer in situ having been taken to Berlin and only the foundations remain. It is dated to the gate, the Diocesan Church is on our right. Adjoining the apse is a round structure that served as a martyrion 147
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Anatolian Civilizations and Historical Sites - TEDA

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