Anatolian Civilizations and Historical Sites - TEDA

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ANATOLIAN CIVILIZATIONS:10x19 antik kentler 8/1/11 10:51 AM Sayfa 180 Plan of Phaselis 1.Military Harbor, 2.South Harbor, 3.Main Avenue, 4.Hadrian’s Agora, 5.Baths-Gymnasion, 6.Town Square, 7.Hadrians Agora, 8.Byzantine Basilica, 9.Fountain, 10.Domitian’s Agora, 11.Late-Period Agora, 12.Small Baths, 13.Public Toilets, 14.Theater. protected by a breakwater which was an extension of the fortification walls that surrounded the peninsula, and it is possible to see traces of all this. Let’s take a look at the other remains to be found at the spot where the forest splashes into the sea, an insatiable view that made it one of the favorite harbor cities of antiquity. As you begin to wander about Phaselis, which was established on top of a peninsula that narrowed into bays to the north and south, you will first encounter the intact ruins of an aqueduct. While water needs were met during Phaselis’ early period with cisterns and wells, later on, a system of aqueducts brought in water from faraway places as well as from a spring to the north of the city to the hill behind the Hadrian Agora, where it was then distributed throughout the town via a network of channels and water pipes. The actual ruins of the city lie on both sides of the main avenue that connects the military harbor with the south harbor. Measuring 125 m. long by 20-25 m. long, the avenue has sidewalks on either side that are reached by ascending three steps. You will reach the south harbor after encountering a plaza in the middle of the avenue. This avenue, which was laid with flat stones, also had a sewage and drainage system running under it. Now, as you enter the avenue from the military harbor, you will come across ruins on both sides. The rubble that you see on the west side used to be shops lined up along the avenue. Behind these, you will come across a structure with a confusing plan, and then you will also see the bath-gymnasion complex a bit further down from this. Behind these were the training rooms. Because the gymnasion, which had mosaics on the floor, was used for different purposes in later
ANATOLIAN CIVILIZATIONS:10x19 antik kentler 8/1/11 10:51 AM Sayfa Ruins of the structures lining the main avenue that ran through Phaselis. ages, it hasn’t maintained its original layout. One entered the bath dressing room through two doors in the south, and stepped into the cold and warm sections from here. The floor and walls of the baths, which were constructed in the 3 rd century AD, were once covered in marble. From the looks of it, we assume that it was renovated and put into use again at a later date. The large structure to the south of the bath is an agora. The layout of the agora, which had a wide gate that opened up into the town square, was almost square-shaped and as it was constructed during the reign of Hadrianus (AD 117-138) it was called ‘Hadrian’s Agora.’ The agora was surrounded by porticoes and behind these were the shops. A basilica with a rectangular layout was added in the 5 th -6 th centuries to the north west half of Hadrian’s Agora, and the tri-windowed apse can still be seen today. In addition to this, several wings were added onto the agora’s east and south sides. The large cistern found here is rather interesting. It is understood that statues were once lined up along the rim of the agora wall which overlooked the avenue. It is known that there were two statues extant on either side of the entry gate; one of Opramoas, from Rhodiapolis, who helped a number of Lycian cities and who had provided Phaselis with major assistance during this time; the other one was of Saxa Amyntianus. In addition to these statues, there was also once a fountain that decorated the facade of the agora. In making a wide angle, the second section of the avenue begins after the square and turns south. You will immediately see the Domitian Agora at the corner. This building had two gates facing the avenue; this was called the ‘Domitian Agora’ as there was an inscription written in honor of Emperor Domitian (AD 81-96) which was found above one of the gates. The courtyard of this agora was in the 181
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Anatolian Civilizations and Historical Sites - TEDA

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