Exotic Aquatic Organisms - International Development Research ...
Exotic Aquatic Organisms - International Development Research ...
Exotic Aquatic Organisms - International Development Research ...
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<strong>Exotic</strong> <strong>Aquatic</strong> Species in Taiwan<br />
I-CHIU LIAO<br />
Taiwan Fisheries <strong>Research</strong> Institute<br />
199 Hou-Ih Rd., Keelung 20220<br />
Taiwan<br />
HSI-CHIANG LIU<br />
Institute of Oceanography<br />
College of Science<br />
National Taiwan University<br />
Taipei, Taiwan<br />
I-Chiu Liao and Hsi-Chiang Liu. 1989. <strong>Exotic</strong> aquatic species in Taiwan, p. 101-118. In S.S. De Silva (ed.) <strong>Exotic</strong> <strong>Aquatic</strong><br />
<strong>Organisms</strong> in Asia. Proceedings of the Workshop on Introduction of <strong>Exotic</strong> <strong>Aquatic</strong> <strong>Organisms</strong> in Asia. Asian<br />
Fish. Soc. Spec, Pubi. 3, 154 p. Asian Fisheries Society, Manila, Philippines.<br />
There are 38 aquatic species known to have been introduced to Taiwan. The earliest introductions were<br />
probably those of the Cyprinidae family, although documentation to this effect is lacking. Other more recently introduced<br />
species, like the tilapias, are relatively well documented. Some of the introduced species have been successfully cultured.<br />
The introductions are discussed and, where information is available, a more detailed history, including problems, if any, is<br />
presented. The problem of the lack of consolidated information is also discussed.<br />
Distances in the world today have shrunk considerably due to the improvements in<br />
transportation and communication technology. Under such conditions, many species of aquatic<br />
organisms have been transferred to regions of the world where they are not naturally occurring.<br />
The term "exotic" species refers to any species introduced by man from a foreign land (McCann<br />
1984). This should not be confused with "transplanted" species - native species moved by man<br />
into an ecosystem outside their native range, but still within their country of origin, and with<br />
"nonnative" species - any species introduced by man into an ecosystem outside its original native<br />
range, including both exotic and transplanted (McCann 1984).<br />
Of special interest in this report are exotic aquatic species known to have been introduced to<br />
Taiwan at different times. However, it would be useful to mention at this point, the particular<br />
case of two species in Taiwan, which would be hard to categorize in the context of the above<br />
definitions. One is Penaeus monodon or grass prawn. This species is native to Taiwan, but since<br />
insufficient spawners were available locally, about a decade ago, Taiwan began importing great<br />
numbers of adult P. monodon from neighboring countries, like the Philippines and Malaysia, and<br />
induced these adults to spawn. Most of the P. monodon that have been cultured here were<br />
spawned from adults obtained from abroad. The other is Plecoglossus altivelis, commonly<br />
known as "sweet fish" or "ayu". It is an indigenous species in Taiwan, but became extinct in the<br />
60's. It only began repopulating local waters when Japan introduced it several years hence.<br />
Perhaps in the future, more accurate and exact definitions of such terms should be formulated<br />
and internationally agreed upon - to cover special cases such as that of P. monodon and P.<br />
altivelis.<br />
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