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gouramy have positive economic impacts as well as nutritional contribution to rural communities. Similarly, the ornamental fish trade has grown considerably from US$ 100,000 in 1973 to the current value of US$ 4 million (New Straits Times, 21st January 1988). There is still potential to increase the ornamental fish trade to US$ 32 million of the US$ 4 billion world wide trade (Ang, unpublished data). Present economic benefits derived from ornamental fish trade and introduced food fish should not be used to justify indiscriminate introduction without considering the risks associated with introductions. Every effort should be made to reduce the risks by appropriate quarantine procedures. Malaysia's inclusion in the convention of International Trade on Endangered Species (CITES) is a useful step in this direction. The revised Fisheries Act and Government efforts to establish quarantine stations to monitor imported species are welcome moves. Table 4. List of parasites and their hosts at the freshwater breeding stations in peninsular Malaysia. Station Host Parasites Enggor Tanah Rata Machang Bukit Tinggi Tapah Jitra Kong Kong Cyprinus carpio Monogenetic trematode, Lernaea cyprinacea Piscinoodiniu,n sp., Trichodina sp. Trichogaster pectoralis Trichodina sp. Tilapia sp. Monogenetic trematode Puntius gonionotus Trichodina sp., Piscinoodiniwn sp. Cyprinus carpio Monogenetic trematode, Trichodina sp., Myxobolus sp., Lernaea cyprinacea, Argulus japonicus Cyprinu.s carpio Monogenetic trematode Trichodina, Lernaea cyprinacea Ctenopharyngodon idella Trichodina sp., Monogenetic trematode Puntius gonionotus Lernaea cyprinacea Aristichihys nobilis Lernaea cyprinacea, Lernaea piscinae, Monogenetic trematode Puntius gonionotsLs Lernaea cyprinacea, Trichodina sp., id hyopht hirius mu11fihiis., Piscinoodium sp. Cypriniu.s carpio Monogenetic trematodes Puntius gonionotlis Trichodina sp., icthyophthiriu.s mutt iJiliis, Lernaea cyprinacea, Monogenetic trematode, Piscinoodium sp. Cyprinus carpio icthyophlhiriu.s mutt fihiis, Argu!usjaponicus, Piscinoodiu,n sp. Hetostoma temmincki Monogenetic trematode, Lernaea cyprinacea Cyprinus carpio Lernaea cyprinacea, Trichodi,za sp. Tilapia sp. Monogenetic trematode, Piscinbodiu,n sp. Tilapia sp. Trichonida sp., icthyophthirius nzuttiflhiis Puntius goni000tus Lernaea cyprinacea, Monogenetic trematode Cyprinus carpio Lernaea cyprinacea, Monogenetic trematode 81
82 References Annual Fisheries Statistics. 1984-1986. Department of Fisheries, Malaysia. Birtwhistle, W. 1931. Rearing of carps in ponds. Malayan Agricultural Journal 19(8): 372-383. Chua, C.W. 1978. Commercial prawns of Peninsular Malaysia. Ministry of Agriculture, Kuala Lumpur, 48 p. Faizah Mohd, Shaharom. 1986. The parasites of bighead carp (Aristichthys nobilis) and grass carp (CIe,wpharyngodon idella) from Peninsular Malaysia, p. 226. In MJ. Howell (ed.) Handbook of Sixth International Congress of Parasitology. Australian Academy of Science. FAMA. 1987. Harga barangan pertanian Tahunan. Federal Agricultural Marketing Authority, Kuala Lumpur. (unpublished data). FAQ. 1965. Report to Government of Malaysia. Development of inland fisheries with special emphasis on fish culture. FAO Prcject MALITEIF1. Report No. 2095. Green, CF. 1926. Fish Culture. Annual Report of the Fisheries Department. SS & F.M.S. Hickling, C.F. 1960. The Malacca tilapia hybrids. Journal of Genetics 37(1). Johnson, D.S. 1961. Freshwater life in Malaya and its conservation. Malayan National Journal, Special Issue, 232-239. Johnson, D.S. 1963. The fate of introduced fish in Malaya. Proc. XVI International Conference of Zoology, Washington, I).C. August 20-27, 1963. p. 246. Kohler, L.C. 1986. Strategies for reducing risks from introduction of aquatic organisms. Fisheries 11(2): 2-3. Kohler, L.C. and J.G. Stanley. 1984. A suggested protocol for evaluating proposed exotic fish introductions in the United States, p. 387-406. In W.R. Courtenay and JR. Stauffer (eds.). Distribution, Biology and Management of Exotic Fishes. The John Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, MD. Merican, A.B.O. and M.K. Soong. 1966. The present status of freshwater fish culture in Malaysia. Paper presented at FAQ World Symposium on Warm-water Pond Fish Culture, Rome, Italy, 18-25 May 1966. 12 p. Mohsin, A.K.M. and M.A. Ambak. 1983. Freshwater fishes of Peninsular Malaysia. Universiti Pertanian Malaysia Press, Kuala .umpur. 284 p. New Straits Times. 1988. Fishing for business. N.S.T. Times Two. 21st Jan. 1988. Ong, KS. 1983. Aquaculture development in Malaysia in the 80's. Risalah Perilcanan No. 18. Dept. of Fisheries, Malaysia. Scott, J.S. 1959. An introduction to sea fishes of Malaya. Government Printer (Fudge), Kuala Lumpur: xii + 1-180. Shariff, M. 1980. Occurrence and treatment of ectoparasitic disease of aquarium fishes in Malaysia. Malayan Veterinary Journal 7: 48-59. Shariff, M. 1984. Occurrence of Chilodonella hexasticha (Klemik 1909) (Protozoa, Ciliata) on bighead carp Aristichihys nobi1s (Richardson) in Malaysia. Tropical Biomedicine I: 69-75. Shariff, M. and C. Somerville. 1986. Identification and distribution of Lernaea spp. in Peninsular Malaysia, p. 269-272. In J.L. Maclean, L.B. Dizon and L.V. Hosillos (eds.) The First Asian Fisheries Forum. Asian Fisheries Society, Manila, Phillipines. Soong, M.K. 1948. Fishes of the Malayan paddy fields: 1. Sepat Siam. Malayan National Journal 3(2): 87-89. Soong, M.K., 1963. A note on the pond culture of Puntiiesjavanicus (Bikr) in the Federation of Malaya. Proceedings IPFC 10(2;: 170-173. Tan, C.E., B.J. Chong, H.K. Sier and T. Moulton. 1973. A report on paddy and paddy field fish production in Krian District, Perak. Ministry of Agriculture & Fisheries Bulletin No. 128: 58 p. Tweedie, M.W.F. 1952. Notes on Malayan freshwater fishes. Bulletin Raffles Museum 24: 63-95. Welcornme, R.L. 1981. Register of international transfers of inland fish species. FAQ Fisheries Technical Paper. (213): 120. Welcornme, R.L. 1986. International measures for the control of introductions of aquatic organisms. Fisheries 11(2): 4-9.
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Exotic Aquatic Organisms in Asia /
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Exotic Aquatic Organisms in Asia Pr
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The Introduction of Exotic Aquatic
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Introduction This special publicati
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help to promote national awareness
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Conditions in Europe and North Amer
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2 taken as the basis for the introd
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4 with respect to other introductio
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6 Costa-Pierce, B. 1988. Study miss
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8 extinction of the endemic rainbow
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10 bottom substrates by European ca
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12 Arthington 1988; Lloyd 1987); G.
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14 Apparent Extinction of the Lake
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16 successful and more often than n
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18 Reznick, D. 1981. 'Grandfather E
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20 -24° 4' 4 - I- .300 Cl) '1 S 36
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22 The terminology associated with
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24 Table 2. Translocations of indig
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26 MELANOTAENIIDAE Melanotaenia spl
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28 ELEOTRIDAE - GUDGEONS Hypseleotr
Page 41 and 42: 30 POECILIIDAE - LIVEBEARERS Gambus
Page 43 and 44: 32 References Allen, G.R. 1982. A F
Page 45 and 46: 34 Robinson, S.E. 1982. The ecology
Page 47 and 48: 36 1973. It has been cultured in so
Page 49 and 50: 38 northern Japan, settled off Dali
Page 51 and 52: 40 Table 1. The exotic aquatic food
Page 53 and 54: 42 Table 2. The preliminary list of
Page 56 and 57: Impact of Exotic Aquatic Species in
Page 58 and 59: Table 1. Salinonids introduced into
Page 60 and 61: Grass carp The grass carp, Ctenopha
Page 62 and 63: Table 4. Total catch and tilapia yi
Page 64 and 65: Salvinia molesta, a floating fern o
Page 66: Joy, PJ., K.R. Sathesan and D. Jose
Page 69 and 70: 58 Table 1. Introduced aquatic spec
Page 71 and 72: 60 The 1940s The Inland Fisheries D
Page 73 and 74: 62 Indonesia includes three differe
Page 75 and 76: 64 information on the status of fau
Page 77 and 78: 66 Table 1. List of exotic aquatic
Page 79 and 80: 68 Table 1. Continued Taxonomic Sta
Page 81 and 82: 70 From this historical review, it
Page 83 and 84: 72 what they perceived as economica
Page 85 and 86: 74 Table 1. Fate of the introduced
Page 87 and 88: 76 While it is likely that at the o
Page 89 and 90: 78 Pearl Spot The pearl spot, Etrop
Page 91: 80 Trengganu Enactment No. 8 of 196
Page 95 and 96: 84 long time ago as shown by the fa
Page 97 and 98: 86 Discussion and Recommendations E
Page 99 and 100: Table 1. Exotic aquatic species int
Page 101 and 102: Table 1. Continued Diseases/Parasit
Page 103 and 104: 92 Fisheries (Piranhas) Rules 1971,
Page 105 and 106: 94 (Caranx ignobilis) golden treval
Page 107 and 108: 96 Table 1. Main species of aquariu
Page 110 and 111: Status of Introduced Species in Sri
Page 112 and 113: Exotic Aquatic Species in Taiwan I-
Page 114 and 115: appreciated in the context of the w
Page 116 and 117: However, A. anguilla cannot tolerat
Page 118 and 119: Today, most of these carps are poly
Page 120 and 121: Caiman latirostris and Alligator mi
Page 122 and 123: Conclusions The case of the tilapia
Page 124 and 125: Table 1. Continued Culture Status P
Page 126 and 127: Table 2. Record of tilapia introduc
Page 128 and 129: Annex I. Continued Dascyllus melamu
Page 130 and 131: Exotic Aquatic Species in Thailand
Page 132 and 133: Present Status of the Exotic Specie
Page 134 and 135: Table 1 a. Exotic fishes introduced
Page 136 and 137: Australian Government Position: Int
Page 138 and 139: There are presently eight State or
Page 140 and 141: egulate any activity likely to have
Page 142 and 143:
Appendix II. Continued Name State o
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Recommendations of the Workshop 1.0
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(two more to be co-opted) was appoi
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Mr. J. Maclean, do ICLARM, MC P0 Bo
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Appendix I Definitions of Exotics T
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Appendix II Assessment of the Impac
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Table All.3. Assessment of the stat
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Table All.6. Assessment table of th
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Table All.8. Assessment table of th
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Table All.10. Continued Family/Spec
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Table Affi. Indigenous species whic
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Appendix V Existing Legislation or
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TITLES IN THE ASIAN FISHERIES SOCIE
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