Exotic Aquatic Organisms - International Development Research ...

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Today, most of these carps are polycultured commercially with considerable success, and their fry are exported in substantial volumes. Annual production of all these carps, put together, is currently 30,000 t. Macrobrachiusn rosenbergii Crustaceans Macrobrachium rosenbergii, also known as Malaysian prawn or giant river prawn, was introduced in 1970 from Thailand by Ling. From one male and one female, the only survivors from the entire shipment, thousands have been bred, spurred by the success achieved at the Tungkang Marine Laboratory (TML) of TFRI (Liao et al. 1973). This has facilitated the development of a relatively successful enterprise. Its monoculture makes up a big industry. Lately, M. rosenbergii has peculiarly become a popular species for game fishing in Taiwan. Penaeus stylirostris Penaeus stylirostris or blue shrimp was introduced from Panama in 1979 by Perysn and Lee (Liao and Chao 1983). It was the first saltwater prawn species introduced to Taiwan. Of the 500,000 nauplii introduced, 50,000 were brought to TML, where they were successfully reared to the adult stage. However, there were difficulties met on inducing it to mate. As a result, this species has become extinct. P. vannawi P. vannamei or white leg shrimp was the second exotic shrimp introduced to Taiwan. In 1981, 86 young P. vannamei were brought by Huang from Panama. Although this species grows well in Taiwan, it is hard to induce the shrimp to mate in captivity. Furthermore, this species is known to have latent infectious hypodermal and hematopoietic necrosis or IHHN (Bell and Lightner 1984), and this presents potential problems. Thus, care must be taken to identify the source of the P. vannamei introduced. P. brasiliensis P. brasiliensis, also known as red spotted shrimp or Guiyana pink, was introduced in 1981 by Liao and Chao with the assistance of Instituto de Pesquisas de Marinha and Chang of Brazil (Liao and Chao 1983). Its culture has been intensively experimented, though only a size of 40 g was attained after a one-year growout (Liao and Chao 1983). Unfortunately, there are no more surviving P. brasiliensis in Taiwan. 107
108 P. schmitti P. schmitti or southern white shrimp has been introduced from Brazil by Liao and Chang and is experimentally cultured. Unfortunately, efforts to propagate this species have failed. Achatinafulica Molluscs Achatinafulica or giant African snail was introduced from Singapore in 1932. This species has propagated and has become a pest to agriculture. Ampullarius insularum The mollusc Ampullarius insularum or apple snail was introduced into Taiwan in 1979 from Argentina. It was adopted for culture, but it has become more of a pest. Its eggs, conspicuously coloured bright red, now seem to be found in almost any body of water in Taiwan, creating a considerable problem when they hatch, because they cause widespread damage to ricefields. Laminaria japonica Seaweeds Laminaria japonica, also known as kelp or konbu, was first introduced from Japan in 1976. Currently, it is cultured in small scale, mainly in the northern part of Taiwan. Undaria pinnatifida and U. undaroides Undaria pinnatijlda and U. undaroides or wakame were introduced from Japan in 1981 by Chiang. They are now commercially cultured in Quemoy and Peng-hu islands as well as in northern Taiwan. Both species show bright prospects for interested culturists. Rana catesbeiana Reptiles In 1924, before World War II, when Taiwan was a Japanese-occupied territory, the Japanese introduced the Rana catesbeiana or American bull frog to Taiwan. The first introduction was not successful because the farmers who reared the frogs became discouraged and abandoned the project. After the war, in 1951, it was reintroduced from Japan by TFRI and distributed to interested farmers. The attraction of frog culture is that little capital investment and space are required. Thus the interest could be shared by rural and city dwellers. Rana catesbelana has now become a very popular culture species.
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Exotic Aquatic Organisms in Asia /
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Exotic Aquatic Organisms in Asia Pr
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The Introduction of Exotic Aquatic
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Introduction This special publicati
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help to promote national awareness
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Conditions in Europe and North Amer
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2 taken as the basis for the introd
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4 with respect to other introductio
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6 Costa-Pierce, B. 1988. Study miss
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8 extinction of the endemic rainbow
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10 bottom substrates by European ca
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12 Arthington 1988; Lloyd 1987); G.
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14 Apparent Extinction of the Lake
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16 successful and more often than n
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18 Reznick, D. 1981. 'Grandfather E
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20 -24° 4' 4 - I- .300 Cl) '1 S 36
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22 The terminology associated with
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24 Table 2. Translocations of indig
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26 MELANOTAENIIDAE Melanotaenia spl
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28 ELEOTRIDAE - GUDGEONS Hypseleotr
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30 POECILIIDAE - LIVEBEARERS Gambus
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32 References Allen, G.R. 1982. A F
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34 Robinson, S.E. 1982. The ecology
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36 1973. It has been cultured in so
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38 northern Japan, settled off Dali
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40 Table 1. The exotic aquatic food
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42 Table 2. The preliminary list of
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Impact of Exotic Aquatic Species in
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Table 1. Salinonids introduced into
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Grass carp The grass carp, Ctenopha
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Table 4. Total catch and tilapia yi
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Salvinia molesta, a floating fern o
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Joy, PJ., K.R. Sathesan and D. Jose
Page 69 and 70: 58 Table 1. Introduced aquatic spec
Page 71 and 72: 60 The 1940s The Inland Fisheries D
Page 73 and 74: 62 Indonesia includes three differe
Page 75 and 76: 64 information on the status of fau
Page 77 and 78: 66 Table 1. List of exotic aquatic
Page 79 and 80: 68 Table 1. Continued Taxonomic Sta
Page 81 and 82: 70 From this historical review, it
Page 83 and 84: 72 what they perceived as economica
Page 85 and 86: 74 Table 1. Fate of the introduced
Page 87 and 88: 76 While it is likely that at the o
Page 89 and 90: 78 Pearl Spot The pearl spot, Etrop
Page 91 and 92: 80 Trengganu Enactment No. 8 of 196
Page 93 and 94: 82 References Annual Fisheries Stat
Page 95 and 96: 84 long time ago as shown by the fa
Page 97 and 98: 86 Discussion and Recommendations E
Page 99 and 100: Table 1. Exotic aquatic species int
Page 101 and 102: Table 1. Continued Diseases/Parasit
Page 103 and 104: 92 Fisheries (Piranhas) Rules 1971,
Page 105 and 106: 94 (Caranx ignobilis) golden treval
Page 107 and 108: 96 Table 1. Main species of aquariu
Page 110 and 111: Status of Introduced Species in Sri
Page 112 and 113: Exotic Aquatic Species in Taiwan I-
Page 114 and 115: appreciated in the context of the w
Page 116 and 117: However, A. anguilla cannot tolerat
Page 120 and 121: Caiman latirostris and Alligator mi
Page 122 and 123: Conclusions The case of the tilapia
Page 124 and 125: Table 1. Continued Culture Status P
Page 126 and 127: Table 2. Record of tilapia introduc
Page 128 and 129: Annex I. Continued Dascyllus melamu
Page 130 and 131: Exotic Aquatic Species in Thailand
Page 132 and 133: Present Status of the Exotic Specie
Page 134 and 135: Table 1 a. Exotic fishes introduced
Page 136 and 137: Australian Government Position: Int
Page 138 and 139: There are presently eight State or
Page 140 and 141: egulate any activity likely to have
Page 142 and 143: Appendix II. Continued Name State o
Page 144 and 145: Recommendations of the Workshop 1.0
Page 146 and 147: (two more to be co-opted) was appoi
Page 148 and 149: Mr. J. Maclean, do ICLARM, MC P0 Bo
Page 150 and 151: Appendix I Definitions of Exotics T
Page 152 and 153: Appendix II Assessment of the Impac
Page 154 and 155: Table All.3. Assessment of the stat
Page 156 and 157: Table All.6. Assessment table of th
Page 158 and 159: Table All.8. Assessment table of th
Page 160 and 161: Table All.10. Continued Family/Spec
Page 162 and 163: Table Affi. Indigenous species whic
Page 164 and 165: Appendix V Existing Legislation or
Page 166: TITLES IN THE ASIAN FISHERIES SOCIE
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