Tavisuflebis instituti, 2005
Tavisuflebis instituti, 2005
Tavisuflebis instituti, 2005
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politikuri saqmianoba<br />
analizi<br />
1940 wels SeerTebul StatebSi miiRes kanonmdebloba, romelic cnobilia<br />
hatCis aqtis saxeliT (Hatch Act 1940). am kanonmdeblobam aRmofxvra<br />
sajaro samsaxurSi damkvidrebuli praqtika, romlis Tanaxmad, sajaro<br />
samsaxurSi Tanamdebobaze iniSnebodnen arCevnebSi gamarjvebuli partiis<br />
wevrebi an maT mimarT loialurad ganwyobili pirebi (Spoils System). hatCis<br />
aqtma, sxva cvlilebebTan erTad, es praqtika akrZala. sajaro moxeleebs<br />
dauwesdaT SezRudva: federaluri mTavrobis aRmasrulebel moxeleebs<br />
aekrZalaT politikur kampaniebSi monawileoba da politikuri partiebis<br />
menejmentSi CarTva. hatCis aqti nebas rTavda sajaro moxeleebs, kenWi<br />
eyaraT an arapolitikuri samoqalaqo kampaniebi ewarmoebinaT. aqti mimar-<br />
Tuli iyo mxolod politikuri saqmianobis akrZalvisaken.<br />
1947 wels uzenaes sasamarTloSi Seitanes sarCeli, romliTac am aqtis<br />
antikonstituciurobaze daobdnen. sasamarTlom ZalaSi datova hatCis<br />
aqti da ganacxada: `kongresma da federalurma mTavrobam ukeTesad icis,<br />
Tu rogor SeinarCunos efeqturi sajaro samsaxuri. Cven am mxriv konstituciurobis<br />
problemas ver vxedavT~. 54<br />
msgavsi gadawyvetileba miiRo sasamarTlom saqmeSi United States Civil<br />
Service Commission v. National Association of Letter Carriers. am saqmeSi daisva<br />
kiTxva: ewinaaRmdegeba Tu ara pirvel Sesworebas politikur kampaniebSi<br />
da politikuri partiebis menejmentSi CarTvis akrZalva. mopasuxeebi daobdnen,<br />
rom kanoni bundovani da farTod formulirebuli iyo, rac mis<br />
antikonstituciurobas iwvevda. sasamarTlo ar daeTanxma mopasuxeebs<br />
da kiTxvaze uaryofiTi pasuxi gasca. sasamarTlom saqmis gadawyvetisas<br />
gamoiyena balansis testi, sadac erT mxares sajaro moxelis interesi<br />
iyo, xolo meore mxares _ saxelmwifosi, rogorc damqiraveblis. sasamar-<br />
Tlom daadgina, rom saxelmwifo interesma am saqmeSi gadawona sajaro<br />
moxeleebis interesi, radgan isini Tavisufali unda yofiliyvnen politikuri<br />
zewolisgan da sakuTari funqciebi miukerZoeblad ganexorcielebinaT.<br />
mosamarTle duglasma gansxvavebuli azris saxiT warmoadgina<br />
mosazreba, romlis mixedviTac igi fiqrobda, rom saxelmwifo ar aris<br />
sajaro moxelis mTeli cxovrebis mesakuTre. moxeles unda SeeZlos, Tavisuflad<br />
airCios is saqmianoba, romelsac Tavisufal dros dauTmobs _<br />
iqneba es religia, socialuri saqmiaoba, politika Tu sxva.<br />
54 United Public Workers v. Mitchell 330 U.S. 75, 1947.<br />
57
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