Tavisuflebis instituti, 2005

gamoxatvis Tavisufleba aSS-Si
rogorc zemoaRniSnulidan Cans, saxelmwifos mis mier dafinansebul
garemoSi orgvari roli aqvs: kerZo da sajaro. rodesac saxelmwifo
kerZo rols asrulebs _ anu gamodis, rogorc mesakuTre, damqiravebeli,
ganmanaTlebeli an monawile _ pirveli SesworebiT daculi uflebebi
SezRudulia. xolo rodesac saxelmwifo sajaro funqciebs asrulebs,
pirveli Sesworeba mTeli simZlavriT moqmedebs.
amasTan, unda aRiniSnos, rom rogorc zemoT gaanalizebuli gadawyvetilebebidan
gamoCnda, ar aris advili saxelmwifos kerZo da sajaro rolis
gamijvna. mosamarTleebi, romlebic mTavrobas diskrecias utoveben,
ufro xSirad Tvlian sakiTxs kerZod, vidre is mosamarTleebi, romlebic
fiqroben, rom sasamarTlos ganuyofeli roli eniWeba individis uflebebis
da Tavisfulebebis dacvis saqmeSi.
58
ciliswameba
1960-ian wlebamde ciliswameba irelevanturi iyo pirveli SesworebisaTvis.
saqmeSi Caplinski niu hempSiris winaaRmdeg ciliswameba ganTavsda
im gamoxatvis kategoriaSi, romelic `ar warmoadgens ideebis gamoxatvis
mniSvnelovan elements~. xolo, saqmeSi biuharnaisi ilinoisis winaaRmdeg55
, sasamarTlom mxari dauWira Statis ciliswamebis kanons da ganacxada,
rom ciliswameba ar xvdeba konstituciiT daculi gamoxatvis
kategoriaSi da srulad unda aikrZalos.
saerTo samarTalSi ciliswamebisas mosarCles unda emtkicebina, rom
gamoqveynda publikacia mis Sesaxeb. mas ar unda emtkicebina brali. aseve,
zianTan dakavSirebiT arsebobda misi anazRaurebis zogadi prezumfcia.
simarTle ganixileboda, rogorc mxolod pozitiuri da ara absoluturi
dacva. mokled rom vTqvaT, piris reputaciis dacva saxelmwifo politikisTvis
imdenad mniSvnelovani iyo, rom mas pirveli Sesworeba ver exeboda.
Tumca, es midgoma sruliad Seicvala 60-ian wlebSi mas Semdeg, rac
sasamarTlom ganixila saqme `niu-iork taimsi~ salivanis winaaRmdeg56 . am
55 Beauharnais v. Illinois. No. 118 SUPREME COURT OF THE UNITED STATES. 343 US 250.
Argued November 28, 1951. Decided April 28, 1952.
56 kari II, Tavi I, gv. 173.