Stato dell'arte energetica degli edifici - Automatica - Università degli ...

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SIMEA Stato dell’arte energetica degli edifici 1.2.30. HAP 58 Doc.No 20100610.SIMEA.MR.03 Versione 1 A versatile system design tool and an energy simulation tool in one package, Carrieris Hourly Analysis Program (HAP) provides the ease of use of a Windows-based graphical user interface and the computing power of modern 32-bit software. HAPs design module uses a system-based approach to HVAC load estimating. This approach tailors sizing procedures and results to the specific type of system being considered. Central AHUs, packaged rooftop units, split systems, fan coils, water source heat pumps and PTACs can easily be sized, as can CAV, VAV and multiple-zone systems. Calculation rigor and integrity are provided by the ASHRAE Transfer Function Method for calculating building heat flow. HAPs energy analysis module performs an hour-by-hour simulation of building loads and equipment operation for all 8,760 hours in a year. This approach provides superior accuracy versus the reduced hour-byhour method used by other software programs on the market. This is because a full hour-by-hour calculation considers the unique weather and operating schedules for each day of the year, rather than looking only at average or typical days each month. Such accuracy is crucial when analyzing design alternatives, energy conservation methods and details of off-design and partload performance for equipment. HAP uses TMY weather and the ASHRAE Transfer Function to calculate dynamic heat flow. Many types of air handling systems, packaged equipment and central plant equipment can be simulated. HAP uses six calculation engines to perform its work. The Loads engine uses the ASHRAE Transfer Function Method to analyze dynamic heat transfer in the building, producing space cooling and heating loads. The Systems engine simulates the thermo mechanical operation of air side systems. The Sizing engine integrates with both the Loads and Systems engines to determine required sizes for diffusers, air terminals, fans, coils and humidifiers. The Plant engine simulates the operation of chilled water and hot water plants. The Building engine collects energy and fuel consumption data from the System and Plant calculations and combines it with utility rate specifications to produce energy meter consumption totals and energy costs. Finally, a Life-cycle engine in a separate, but integrated program combines energy costs from HAP with purchase, installation and maintenance costs to derive life-cycle costs. HAP is suitable for a wide range of new design and retrofit applications. It provides extensive features for configuring and controlling air-side HVAC systems and terminal equipment. Part-load performance models are provided for split DX units, packaged DX units, heat pumps, chillers and cooling towers. Hydronic loops can be simulated with primary-only and primary/secondary configurations, using constant speed or variable speed pumps. Energy costs can be calculated with simple or complex utility rates, the latter including energy and demand charges, time of day and year pricing, and demand determination clauses such as ratchets. 1.2.30.1. Expertise Required General knowledge of HVAC engineering principles and MS Windows software applications. 1.2.30.2. Users Approx. 5000 worldwide (single & LAN).
SIMEA Stato dell’arte energetica degli edifici 1.2.30.3. Audience 59 Doc.No 20100610.SIMEA.MR.03 Versione 1 Practicing engineers involved in the design, specification and analysis of commercial HVAC systems/equipment. Instructional tool in colleges and universities. Design/build contractors, HVAC contractors, facility engineers, energy service consultants and other professionals involved in the design and analysis of commercial building HVAC systems. Useful for new design, retrofit and energy conservation work. 1.2.30.4. Input Building geometry, envelope construction, internal heat gains and their schedules; equipment components, configurations, controls and efficiencies; utility rates. 1.2.30.5. Output Over 50 design, and energy analysis reports and graphs document hourly, daily, monthly and annual energy and cost performance and are available to view or print. Design reports provide system sizing information, check figures, component loads and building temperatures. Simulation reports provide hourly, daily, monthly and annual performance data. All reports can be exported for use in word processors and spreadsheets. Energy costs can be calculated using complex utility rates which consider all of the common billing mechanisms for energy use, fuel use and demand. 1.2.30.6. Computer Platform Windows 95/98/ME/NT/2000/XP compatible computer, minimum 32 MB RAM, minimum 25 MB hard disk space, display monitor with 800x600 resolution and 256 colours minimum, CD-ROM drive and mouse. 1.2.30.7. Programming Language Software is compiled. Source code is not available. 1.2.30.8. Strengths HAP balances ease of use with technical sophistication. Technical features are comparable to DOE 2.1; comparison studies with DOE 2.1 have yielded good correlation. The Windows graphical user interface, report features, data management features, on-line help system and printed documentation combine to provide an efficient, easy to use tool. HAP can receive equipment performance data via electronic link from Carrier equipment selection tools. 1.2.30.9. Weaknesses HAP has limitations for use by research scientists. Because it is designed for the practicing engineer, program features are tailored for this audience. Features such as access to the source code, often necessary in research situations, are not offered.
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