Das islamische Gebetbuch - Ahmadiyya Muslim Jamaat Schweiz

NCHRP Project 8-36, Task 102Scenario 8: Prioritizing Agency Capital ProgramsDescription. The state DOT and MPOs use various subsets of the measuresdescribed above to help prioritize capital projects. Two deficiencies identified inthe process are: 1) use of inconsistent measures depending on the project; agencieswould like to standardize measures to the extent possible; and 2) measuresused for capital planning do not do a good job of incorporating reliability.Assumptions. Major urban freeways are monitored through an ITS systemusing detection and CCTV. There are several relatively sophisticated arterialmanagement systems that provide data adequate to estimate travel times. Forareas outside those covered by ITS, however, the DOT plans to rely on a recentlyexecuted probe data contract that will cover all freeways and major arterialsaround the state. Most of the larger transit systems are equipped with passengercounters and AVL data that can be used to estimate travel times and passengervolumes. In order to standardize measures, agencies also require a method ofextrapolating from facilities where good data sources exist to those where it doesnot.Recommended Measures. Vehicle delay and person delay appear to the bestmeasures to incorporate into capital planning efforts. VMT and PMT are alsohelpful companion measures in determining whether additional demand isbeing effectively accommodated. The OAI Accessibility measure would also beuseful in describing the overall impact of an agency’s capital investment program,particularly where economic development and access to jobs are importantgoals.Scenario 9: Measuring Performance of Adding Roadway CapacityDescription. The state DOT and the MPO have programmed adding lanes to anarterial road in the urban area. The agencies need to measure the performance ofthe project to determine the effectiveness of the money spent on the project.Additionally, the agencies plan to use the results to evaluate future roadwaycapacity projects at other locations in the region.Assumptions. The arterial roadway that will be widened by the capacity projectdid not have instrumentation in place to measure speed or travel time prior toproject implementation. In order to assess performance, a “before/after” studywill be conducted. The state DOT funded several portable Bluetooth readers andVideo Image Detection (VID) cameras to collect travel time and volume databefore the construction phase was initiated and during construction. The projectplans included permanent installation of VIDs throughout the corridor to collectspeed, travel time, and volume after the project is complete.Recommended Measures. Facility-based measures calculated along the corridorwould provide the most useful measures of effectiveness. The measures wouldinclude travel time, vehicle delay, space mean speed and the buffer index orplanning time index as a measures of reliability. Additionally, volumes are auseful measure to assess latent demand caused by the improvement. More5-14 Cambridge Systematics, Inc.