Mirror-touch synaesthesia: the role of shared ... - UCL Discovery

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106 Cambridge Face Memory Test Long Form Chapter 5 Accuracy performance from the Cambridge Face Memory Test (first three sections) and Cambridge Face Memory Test Long Form are shown in figure 5.3. No significant differences were observed between synaesthetes and controls on either the CFMT [F1,25 = .023, p = .880] (Figure 5.3a) or the CFMT + [F1,25 = .095, p = .761] (Figure 5.3b). Therefore unlike facial expression recognition, synaesthetes and controls did not differ in their ability to memorize facial identity. Cambridge Face Perception Test Error scores on the eight upright and eight inverted trials were summed to determine the total number of upright and inverted errors. A 2 (Group) x 2 (Trial Type) ANCOVA revealed a significant effect of trial type [F1,25 = 5.81, p = .024] which was due to an inversion effect, whereby overall participants were less accurate on inverted (mean ± s.e.m = 70 ± 3) compared with upright trials (mean ± s.e.m = 41.5 ± 3.21). Importantly, this effect did not interact with group [F1,25 = .37, p = .549] and no main effect of group was found [F1,25 = .253, p = .619] (Figure 5.4). Therefore, unlike expression recognition, synaesthetes and controls did not significantly differ in their abilities to detect another’s facial identity.
Chapter 5 107 80 b 45 a Synaesthete Synaesthete Control Control 75 40 Inverted Errors Upright Errors 70 35 65 30 Figure 5.4 Mean error score (± s.e.m) for synaesthetes and controls on upright (a) and inverted (b) trials of the CFPT. No significant differences were found between the performance of synaesthetes and controls on a measure of facial identity perception. Error scores are based on the deviation from the expected correct ordering of the correct location of the target face. Superior performance is reflected in a lower error score.
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1 Title of PhD Thesis: Mirror-touch
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3 LIST OF FIGURES AND TABLES Figure
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5 ABSTRACT Synaesthesia is a condit
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7 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Firstly, I would
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9 Chapter 1 aroused some interest,
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11 Chapter 1 can skip generations (
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13 Chapter 1 to incongruent conditi
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15 Chapter 1 word/grapheme-colour s
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17 Chapter 1 the outside world (com
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19 Chapter 1 interacts with process
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21 Chapter 1 experience is due to a
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23 1.4.1 Synaesthesia involving tac
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25 Chapter 1 synaesthesia reported
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27 Chapter 1 if tactile stimulation
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29 Chapter 1 and colleagues (2005)
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31 Chapter 1 facial cheeks or hands
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33 1.5 Synaesthesia and models of t
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35 Chapter 1 the tactile mirror sys
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37 Chapter 2 over inflated female t
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39 Chapter 2 another person (or pos
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41 Chapter 2 Participants were aske
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43 Chapter 2 Figure 2.1 (a) Summary
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45 Chapter 2 previously reported ca
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47 Chapter 2 the previously assumed
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Chapter 2 49 a. b. * 30 * * 1150 25
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51 Chapter 2 observing touch to the
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53 Results and Discussion Chapter 2
Page 55 and 56: 55 Chapter 2 good evidence for a vi
Page 57 and 58: 57 Chapter 2 via the dorsal stream
Page 59 and 60: 59 Chapter 2 synaesthetes, touch to
Page 61 and 62: 61 Chapter 2 This distinction is si
Page 63 and 64: 63 CHAPTER 3: SENSORY PROCESSING IN
Page 65 and 66: 65 Chapter 3 there is good evidence
Page 67 and 68: 67 Chapter 3 Two coloured caps rema
Page 69 and 70: 69 Chapter 3 colour perception task
Page 71 and 72: 71 Chapter 3 p = trials correct / n
Page 73 and 74: 73 Chapter 3 discrimination of colo
Page 75 and 76: 75 Chapter 3 Leone, 2002) - further
Page 77 and 78: 77 Chapter 3 (e.g. Cohen Kadosh et
Page 79 and 80: 79 Chapter 4 Recent research has su
Page 81 and 82: 81 Chapter 4 study. All cases of mi
Page 83 and 84: 83 Chapter 4 that empathy is multi-
Page 85 and 86: 85 Chapter 4 Hlushchuk, Williams, S
Page 87 and 88: 87 Chapter 4 The BFI is a 44-item s
Page 89 and 90: 89 IRI Score 28 26 24 22 20 18 16 1
Page 91 and 92: 91 Chapter 4 extraversion [n = 120,
Page 93 and 94: 93 Chapter 4 experience by contacti
Page 95 and 96: 95 CHAPTER 5: FACIAL EXPRESSION REC
Page 97 and 98: 97 Chapter 5 others (the mirror-tou
Page 99 and 100: 99 Chapter 5 actors. Target and dis
Page 101 and 102: 101 Chapter 5 effect for face perce
Page 103 and 104: 103 5.3 Results Films Facial Expres
Page 105: Chapter 5 105 75 b 85 a Synaesthete
Page 109 and 110: 109 Same-Different Expression and I
Page 111 and 112: 111 Chapter 5 heightened emotion se
Page 113 and 114: 113 Chapter 6 There are also import
Page 115 and 116: 115 Chapter 6 overall duration of r
Page 117 and 118: 117 Chapter 6 Figure 6.2 The effect
Page 119 and 120: 119 Chapter 6 is infinite (with the
Page 121 and 122: 121 Chapter 6 Figure 6.5 Functional
Page 123 and 124: 123 Chapter 6 Huang et al., 2009; S
Page 125 and 126: 125 Chapter 7 CHAPTER 7: THE ROLE O
Page 127 and 128: 127 Chapter 7 right hemisphere soma
Page 129 and 130: 129 Chapter 7 University College Lo
Page 131 and 132: 131 Chapter 7 Figure 7.1 Summary of
Page 133 and 134: 133 Chapter 7 Figure 7.2 Summary of
Page 135 and 136: Chapter 7 135 Identity Discriminati
Page 137 and 138: 137 Chapter 7 2000; Pitcher et al.,
Page 139 and 140: 139 Chapter 7 Eimer, in press). The
Page 141 and 142: 141 Chapter 8 subliminal exposure t
Page 143 and 144: 143 Chapter 8 necessary for all or
Page 145 and 146: 145 Chapter 8 stimulated: rSI, rIFG
Page 147 and 148: 147 TMS Protocol and Site Localisat
Page 149 and 150: 149 Baseline minus cTBS RT (msec) 2
Page 151 and 152: 151 Chapter 8 recognition, but not
Page 153 and 154: 153 Chapter 8 The findings that cTB
Page 155 and 156: 155 CHAPTER 9: CONCLUSIONS Chapter
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157 Chapter 9 the mirror-touch syna
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159 Chapter 9 Ramachandran, 2005; R
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161 Chapter 9 close proximity to th
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163 Chapter 9 for the specular-anat
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165 Chapter 9 non-synaesthetes, lin
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167 Chapter 9 cortical inhibition (
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169 Chapter 9 which underpin it). I
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171 Chapter 9 separate from a ‘sp
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173 Chapter 9 system (Rizzolatti an
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175 REFERENCES References Adolphs,
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177 References Avenanti, A., Bueti,
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179 References Batson, C. D. (1991)
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181 Bryant, G., and Barrett, H. C.
Page 183 and 184:
183 References Coslett, B. (1998).
Page 185 and 186:
185 References Donner, T. H., Kette
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187 References Fink, G. R., Markowi
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189 Grossenbacher, P.G., and Lovela
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191 References Iriki, A., Tanaka, M
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193 References Kipps, C. M., Duggin
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195 References Marks, L. E. (1975).
Page 197 and 198:
197 References Oberman, L. M., Hubb
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199 References Pitcher, D., Walsh,
Page 201 and 202:
201 References Russell, R., Duchain
Page 203 and 204:
203 References Seron, X., Pesenti,
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205 Spiller, M. J., and Jansari, A.
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207 Treisman, A. (2004). In: L. Rob
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209 Walsh, V., and Pascual-Leone, A
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211 Wildgruber, D., Riecker, A., He
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213 Appendix (4) Do you experience
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