A Self-Learning Manual - Institution of Engineers Mauritius

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A Self-Learning Manual Mastering Different Fields of Civil Engineering Works (VC-Q&A Method) Vincent T. H. CHU Element Description Objective No. Sand layer S2 Edge courses S3 Jointing sand S4 Road Joints Road Joints Joint sealant RJ1 Plastic sleeve in dowel bars RJ2 Longitudinal joints RJ3 Unsealed contraction joints RJ4 Tie bars and dowel bars RJ5 Keyway joint RJ6 Pavement Design Asphalt Mix Design Steel Reinforcement Principle AMD1 Marshall Mix Design AMD2 Marshall stability and flow test AMD3 Air voids AMD4 Recipe Approach AMD5 High-yield steel or mild steel SR1 Direction of placement SR2 Road Formation California Bearing Ratio RF1 Subsoil drains RF2 Road Stiffness Benkelman Beam Test RS1 Falling Weight Deflectometer Test RS2 Road Furniture Concrete Barriers Profile Corrugation CPB1 Position CPB2 Barrier Types Safety fence and safety barrier BT1 Tensioned corrugated beam and untensioned corrugated beam BT2 Vehicular Parapet Stiffness VP1 Other Furniture Road Oil interceptors ORF1 Kerb overflow weirs ORF2 Sag gully and on-grade gully ORF3 Kerbs ORF4 Road studs ORF5 Road marking ORF6 242
A Self-Learning Manual Mastering Different Fields of Civil Engineering Works (VC-Q&A Method) Vincent T. H. CHU Level One (Core FAQs) Part I: Bituminous Road 1. What are the differences in function between roadbase and basecourse in flexible carriageway? (RS1) Roadbase is the most important structural layer in bituminous pavement. It is designed to take up the function of distributing the traffic loads so as not to exceed the bearing capacity of subgrade. In addition, it helps to provide sufficient resistance to fatigue under cyclic loads and to offer a higher stiffness for the pavement structure. However, the basecourse is normally provided to give a well-prepared and even surface for the laying on wearing course. Regarding the load distribution function, it also helps to spread traffic loads to roadbase but this is not the major function of basecourse. 2. What are “mortar mechanism” and “stone contact mechanism” in bituminous materials? (RS4) “Stone contact mechanism” applies to well graded aggregates coated with bitumen (e.g. dense bitumen macadam) where the traffic loads on bituminous roads are resisted by stone-to-stone contact and by interlocking and frictional forces between the aggregates. It is essential to adopt aggregates with a high crushing strength. The bitumen coatings on the surface of aggregates merely serve to cement the aggregates together. “Mortar mechanism” involves the distribution of loads within the mortar for gap-graded aggregates (e.g. hot rolled asphalt). The mortar has to possess high stiffness to prevent excessive deformation under severe traffic loads. It is common practice to introduce some filler to stiffen the bitumen. 3. What is the importance of friction course to expressways and high speed roads? (RS2) Friction course, which is known as porous asphalt, is often used as surface material in high speed roads and expressway. It is porous in nature which allows for speedy drainage of surface water. Road safety can be improved because it reduces the chance of hydroplaning/aquaplaning (i.e. there is a layer of water between the tires of the vehicle and the road surface. It may 243
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A Self-Learning Manual - Institution of Engineers Mauritius

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