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490 MEDIEVAL ENGLAND of the frame, and the shields of the sleeping guards echo and blend with the decorative roundel behind them. The Benedict tional was illuminated either at Winchester or Ely between 975 and 980; a later book, the Missal (actually Sacramentary) of Robert of Jumieges (now MS. Y. 6 at Rouen), whose date must lie between 1008 and 1025, shows fully painted scenes treated with nervous, twisting lines, which invade even the backgrounds, squiggled with impatient brush strokes; the drapery bunches in small folds, giving a wrinkled outline to the figures, and its lower edges break into zigzag frills. This is the closest interpretation of 'Winchester* drawing in painterly terms; classical repose is far away; its odd, pulsating liveliness is the work of a notable and individual artist (PL 94 a). The outline drawings, like the paintings of the Benedic/ tional, owe much to Carolingian models. Here the influence is that of the Rheims style, of which a famous example, the Utrecht Psalter, was at Canterbury by the end of the tenth century, when a copy of it was made there (B.M. MS. Harley 603). These crowded scenes, filled with small figures, seem to have awoken a ready response in English artists. The Psalter, now B.M. MS. Cotton Tiberius C. VI, is an example ofwork on a larger scale; its fine, uncrowded drawings measure 9j inches by 5! inches and the figures fill the space. It is a book with no provenance, but it clearly dates from the middle years ofthe eleventh century. The sensitive modelling ofearlier work has now become stylized; the hair is set in formal curls, the features fixed in a rigid pattern; it has a fine remoteness and monumentality, but the emotional intensity of the Harley Crucifixion or the dazzling liveliness of the Sacramentary of Bishop Robert are no longer within its scope. Of tenth/ and eleventh/century sculpture tantalizingly little is known. Bradford/on/Avon has two large angels, each about 5 feet in length, which must have been part of a great tenth' century rood. Carved in comparatively low relief, they are very linear in concept, and their long albs have the frilled edges of the Winchester School. Some ivory carvings reflect more clearly the stylistic phases to be found in manuscript illumination,
a I PLATE 92 a. Detail ofthe Ruthwdl Cross: Mary Magdalen at the foot of Christ. The cross is a little over i y ft. high and is made of red sandstone. The figures are carved in deep relief b. Codford St. Peter: stone shaft, about 4 ft. high. The two sides have decorative scroll work. The dating of this remarkable piece of carving is extremely uncertain. Kendrick places it on the evidence of its ornamental portions in the first half of the ninth century
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MEDIEVAL ENGLAND A XET; EDITION EDI
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Oxford University Press, Amen House
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vi CONTENTS XVIII. SCIENCE, by A. c
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viii LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS 85. Glou
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x LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS 103. Page f
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MI LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS 123. Lecte
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VOLUME II
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RELIGIOUS LIFE AND ORGANIZATION 383
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PLATE 75
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404 MEDIEVAL ENGLAND original form,
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4 MEDIEVAL ENGLAND cians, and had b
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408 MEDIEVAL ENGLAND specified pers
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410 MEDIEVAL ENGLAND and need not b
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412 MEDIEVAL ENGLAND properties the
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4^4 MEDIEVAL ENGLAND canon law, act
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416 MEDIEVAL ENGLAND Battle only th
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418 MEDIEVALÊNGLAND had been given
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420 MEDIEVAL ENGLAND spotia, a deat
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422 MEDIEVAL ENGLAND extended this
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424 MEDIEVAL ENGLAND king usually g
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426 MEDIEVAL ENGLAND only one benef
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4^8 MEDIEVAL ENGLAND the economic c
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430 MEDIEVAL ENGLAND dained? What t
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43^ MEDIEVAL ENGLAND spending to th
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434 MEDIEVAL ENGLAND only drew mult
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43
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438 MEDIEVAL ENGLAND Devotional Lif
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440 MEDIEVAL ENGLAND not altogether
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44* MEDIEVAL ENGLAND and though onl
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PLATE 76
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ECCLESIASTICAL ARCHITECTURE 445 Ang
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ECCLESIASTICAL ARCHITECTURE 447 the
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FIG, 102 Durham. Halfcross/-section
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Durham Cathedral; nave PLATE 78
Page 95 and 96: ECCLESIASTICAL ARCHITECTURE 451 tur
Page 97 and 98: ECCLESIASTICAL ARCHITECTURE 453 arc
Page 99 and 100: ECCLESIASTICAL ARCHITECTURE 455 gre
Page 101 and 102: ECCLESIASTICAL ARCHITECTURE 457 kno
Page 103 and 104: a. Lincoln Cathedral: nave from the
Page 105 and 106: ECCLESIASTICAL ARCHITECTURE 459 an
Page 107 and 108: ECCLESIASTICAL ARCHITECTURE 461 bui
Page 109 and 110: ECCLESIASTICAL ARCHITECTURE 463 the
Page 111 and 112: PLATE 82 c "o 3 o -S rt O
Page 113 and 114: ECCLESIASTICAL ARCHITECTURE 465 Hen
Page 115 and 116: ECCLESIASTICAL ARCHITECTURE 467 of
Page 117 and 118: ECCLESIASTICAL ARCHITECTURE 469 a n
Page 119 and 120: ECCLESIASTICAL ARCHITECTURE 471 Red
Page 121 and 122: ECCLESIASTICAL ARCHITECTURE 473 rem
Page 123 and 124: Howden Church, Yorkshire: east fron
Page 125 and 126: ECCLESIASTICAL ARCHITECTURE 475 mul
Page 127 and 128: , |:: iHf PLATE 86 u o
Page 129 and 130: ECCLESIASTICAL ARCHITECTURE 477 rat
Page 131 and 132: ECCLESIASTICAL ARCHITECTURE 479 The
Page 133 and 134: King's College, Cambridge: antC'cha
Page 135 and 136: ECCLESIASTICAL ARCHITECTURE 481 squ
Page 137 and 138: ECCLESIASTICAL ARCHITECTURE 483 whi
Page 139 and 140: XIV. ART T HE emergence ofa genuine
Page 141 and 142: PLATE 90
Page 143 and 144: ART 487 brian manuscripts rapidly b
Page 145: ART 489 they were found in 1827. Th
Page 149 and 150: ART 491 and two ivory figures in th
Page 151 and 152: tf. Adoration of the Kings, from Ac
Page 153 and 154: ART 493 Frome and Erdisley, a parti
Page 155 and 156: PLATE 96 e 3SX) a S ^ 7-25 .S o c S
Page 157 and 158: ART 495 were happier in the decorat
Page 159 and 160: Ml is PLATE 98 f ""* u x 13 8 M g S
Page 161 and 162: ART 497 robes, in which the fine pl
Page 163 and 164: a. Angel with censer: south transep
Page 165 and 166: ART 499 none of the delicate percep
Page 167 and 168: PLATE 102 tf. Abraham and Melchised
Page 169 and 170: ART 501 slanting eyes, with their s
Page 171 and 172: 'PLATE 104 tf. Hop'leaves capital:
Page 173 and 174: ART 503 (an early instance of it),
Page 175 and 176: ART 505 brasses in England, those i
Page 177 and 178: ART 507 Hours (B.M. MS. Add. 42131)
Page 179 and 180: & Light from Gloucester east window
Page 181 and 182: ART 509 with some ofthe more splend
Page 183 and 184: ART 511 It is in the Beauchamp chap
Page 185: tf. Alabaster effigy of Alice de la
Page 188 and 189: 5*4 MEDIEVAL ENGLAND BRIEGER, P. H.
Page 190 and 191: 5*
Page 192 and 193: 518 MEDIEVAL ENGLAND that all clerg
Page 194 and 195: 520 MEDIEVAL ENGLAND during the mid
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522 MEDIEVAL ENGLAND logy and law.
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5*4 MEDIEVAL ENGLAND This suspendiu
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5*6 * MEDIEVAL ENGLAND period. As t
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528 MEDIEVAL ENGLAND citizens of Ox
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530 MEDIEVAL ENGLAND the few Clunia
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532 MEDIEVAL ENGLAND Oxford well il
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5H MEDIEVAL ENGLAND did great damag
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PLATE 110 a. Winchester College, fo
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536 MEDIEVAL ENGLAND 6. The Later M
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538 MEDIEVAL ENGLAND Byngham, as a
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540 MEDIEVAL ENGLAND archdeacon of
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542 MEDIEVAL ENGLAND society rested
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PLATE 112 U u
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544 MEDIEVAL ENGLAND together they
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PLATE 114 Irish majuscule. The Book
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54
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PLATE 116 ^^ V^VVVV4'V1w ISVIIWMJ A
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548 MEDIEVAL ENGLAND and contractio
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550 MEDIEVAL ENGLAND learning, scho
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PLATE Il8 ^'vr^^Â^^^^^^j^^ * Â fc
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55* MEDIEVAL ENGLAND humanistic scr
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554 MEDIEVAL ENGLAND the royal chan
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PLATE 120 *3 s*% " ,a Vs* i \: *\ "
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55
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HANDWRITING 557 whim*, the notion o
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XVII. PRINTED BOOKS, THE BOOKxTJRAD
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gMttg anb? feflg jstm+wty"gg ^gg co
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PRINTED BOOKS, BOOK-TRADE, LIBRARIE
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FIG. 106. Covcrdalc's Bible, 1535.
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PRINTED BOOKS, BOOK/TRADE, LIBRARIE
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~ 18 O i^!0fe fitp p***l fiftsrtrî
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568 MEDIEVAL ENGLAND date from abou
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570 MEDIEVAL ENGLAND Duke Humfrey',
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SJ2 MEDIEVAL ENGLAND external influ
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574 MEDIEVAL ENGLAND successive Cou
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576 MEDIEVAL ENGLAND good picture o
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578 MEDIEVAL ENGLAND and Mesopotami
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58o MEDIEVAL ENGLAND influential wa
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5 82 MEDIEVAL ENGLAND in answer to
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5*4 MEDIEVAL ENGLAND past. He gave
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586 MEDIEVAL ENGLAND phenomenon was
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588 MEDIEVAL ENGLAND heavenly spher
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FIG. 107. Diagrams from the thirtee
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592 MEDIEVAL ENGLAND reform, "every
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PLATE 126 The Merton Astrolabe, c.
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594 MEDIEVAL ENGLAND place to anoth
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596 MEDIEVAL ENGLAND quiries just c
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PLATE 128 a. Bees, from a twelfth/c
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598 MEDIEVAL ENGLAND lettered craft
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PLATE 130 Matthew Paris's map of Gr
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MEDIEVAL ENGLAND staple of English
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602 MEDIEVAL ENGLAND After the grea
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604 MEDIEVAL ENGLAND GUNTHER, R. T.
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606 MEDIEVAL ENGLAND early in the f
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608 MEDIEVAL ENGLAND on swords, or
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PLATE IJ2 " It
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610 MEDIEVAL ENGLAND ribald office,
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MEDIEVAL ENGLAND war game, a contes
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614 MEDIEVAL ENGLAND 3. London Game
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Blind man's bufF Punch and Judy sho
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RECREATIONS 617 mentions hunting as
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; * ? " y ' *, t .1 rVV \ T"**' v j
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RECREATIONS 619 grants of 'free war
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RECREATIONS 621 on the Bayeux Tapes
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^f~; ;fJ v... v>^j3#rs i*;W^^tîlff
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RECREATIONS 623 became heavier unti
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RECREATIONS 625 festivals. Thus the
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RECREATIONS 627 open imprisonment i
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a. Hockey b. Club ball PLATE 139
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RECREATIONS 629 trated by the Frenc
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$12, MEDIEVAL ENGLAND BOOKS FOR REF
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634 INDEX Aquinas, Thomas, St., 533
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636 INDEX bishoprics, 53 & n.; see
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638 INDEX Canterbury (cont.'): Brad
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640 INDEX Cold Harbour, Dowgate (Lo
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Edgehiil (Warws.), battle of, 333.
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644 INDEX Frederick II, emperor, hi
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152-62, 290; his fleet, i8
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648 INDEX Laon: cathedral school at
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650 INDEX maps, 601. March (Cambs.)
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Ogmore (Gkm.) casde, 103. Okehampto
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654 INDEX Raglan (Mon.) castle, 124
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656 INDEX chantry, 538; grammar, 52
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658 INDEX Thornbury (Glos.), 34, 52
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660 Willibald, St., 517. Willibrord
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PRINTED IN GREAT BRITAIN AT THE UNI
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