THE STORY OF PHILOSOPHY2 The Lives and Opinions

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4 INTRODUCTION those experiences dry of their secret and subtle meanings: we were not sensitive to the overtones of the reality that hummed about us. Genius hears the overtones, and the music of the spheres; genius knows what Pythagoras meant when he said that philosophy is the highest music. So let us listen to these men,, ready to forgive them their passing errors, and eager to learn the lessons which they are so eager to teach. "Do you then be reasonable/' said old Socrates to Crito, "and do not mind whether the teachers of philosophy are good or bad, but think only of Philosophy herself. Try to examine her well and truly; and if she be evil, seek to turn away all men from her; but if she be what I believe she is^ then follow her and serve her, and be of good cheer."
IF YOU look at a map of Europe you CHAPTER I Plato I. THE CONTEXT OF PLATO will observe that Greece is a skeleton- like hand stretching its crooked fingers out into the Mediterranean Sea, South of it lies the great island of Crete, from which those grasping fingers of civili- captured, in the second millennium before Christ, the beginnings zation and culture. To the east, across the ^Egean Sea, lies Asia Minor, quiet and apathetic now, but throbbing, in pre-Platonic days, with in- dustry, commerce and speculation. To the west, across the Ionian, Italy stands, like a leaning tower in the sea, and Sicily and Spain, each in those days with thriving Greek colonies; and at the end, the "Pillars of Hercules" (which we call Gibraltar), that sombre portal through which not many an ancient mariner dared to pass. And on the north those still untamed and half-barbaric regions, then named Thessaly and Epirus and Macedonia, from which or through which the vigorous bands had come which fathered the geniuses of Homeric and Periclcan Greece. Look again at the map, and you see countless indentations of coast and elevations of land; everywhere gulfs and bays and the intrusive sea; and all the earth tumbled and tossed into mountains and hills. Greece was broken into isolated fragments by these natural barriers of sea and soil; travel and communication were far more difficult and dangerous then than now; every valley therefore developed its own self-sufficient economic life, its own sovereign government, its own institutions and dialect and religion and culture* In each case one or two cities, and around them, stretching up the mountainslopcs, an agricultural hinterland : such were the "city-states" of Eubcea, and Locris, and -^Etolia, and Phocis, and Bceotia, and Achsea, and Argolis, and Elis, and Arcadia, and Messenia, and Laconia with its Sparta, and Attica with its Athens. Look at the map a last time, and observe the position of Athens : it is the farthest cast of the larger cities of Greece. It was favorably placed to be the door through which the Greeks passed out to the busy Minor, and through which those elder cities sent their luxuries and their culture to adolescent Greece. It had an admirable port, Piraeus, where cities of Asia countless vessels might find a haven from the rough waters of the sea* And it bad a great maritime fleet.
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Page 19 and 20: PREFACE TO THE SECOND EDITION , INT
Page 21 and 22: CONTENTS xiii CHAPTER V VOLTAIRE AN
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Page 28 and 29: 2 INTRODUCTION Some ungentle reader
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102 THE STORY OF PHILOSOPHY "Lastly
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104 THE STORY OF PHILOSOPHY things,
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io8 THE STORY OF PHILOSOPHY ton, th
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no THE STORY OF PHILOSOPHY science,
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1 1& THE STORY OF PHILOSOPHY formal
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122 THE STORY OF PHILOSOPHY selves
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124 THE STORY OF PHILOSOPHY saying:
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is6 THE STORY OF PHILOSOPHY of even
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i 28 THE STORY OF PHILOSOPHY order
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130 THE STORY OF PHILOSOPHY cedure,
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132 THE STORY OF PHILOSOPHY But fur
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THE STORY OF PHILOSOPHY beautiful;
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136 THE STORY OF PHILOSOPHY short-h
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138 THE STORY OF PHILOSOPHY but tra
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140 THE STORY OF PHILOSOPHY acquire
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142 THE STORY OF PHILOSOPHY miscrea
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144 THE STORY OF PHILOSOPHY in heav
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146 THE STORY OF PHILOSOPHY Most me
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i 48 THE STORY OF PHILOSOPHY not in
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CHAPTER V Voltaire and the French E
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158 THE STORY OF PHILOSOPHY Lord Bo
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164 THE S'rORY OF PHILOSOPHY tngly
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1 66 THE STORY OF PHILOSOPHY who he
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1 8s THE STORY OF PHILOSOPHY day. "
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1 84 THE STORY OF PHILOSOPHY than o
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1 86 THE STORY OF PHILOSOPHY a man
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1 88 THE STORY OF PHILOSOPHY scatte
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THE STORY OF PHILOSOPHY igo courase
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CHAPTER VI Immanuel Kant and German
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i 94 THE STORY OF PHILOSOPHY man, t
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196 THE STORY OF PHILOSOPHY \vill r
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g8 THE STORY OF PHILOSOPHY whelrnin
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200 THE STORY OF PHILOSOPHY civiliz
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201? THE STORY OF PHILOSOPHY an exa
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204 THE STORY OF PHILOSOPHY themsel
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206 THE STORY OF PHILOSOPHY through
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so8 THE STORY OF PHILOSOPHY We shal
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2io THE STORY OF PHILOSOPHY selves,
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212 THE STORY OF PHILOSOPHY The ess
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214 THE STORY OF PHILOSOPHY had so
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216 THE STORY OF PHILOSOPHY sonally
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2 1 8 THE STORY OF PHILOSOPHY ceded
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220 THE STORY OF PHILOSOPHY "The Cr
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222 THE STORY OF PHILOSOPHY lution,
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THE STORY OF PHILOSOPHY a continuou
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226 THE STORY OF PHILOSOPHY place o
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228 THE STORY OF PHILOSOPHY each se
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230 THE STORY OF PHILOSOPHY had sim
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232 THE STORY OF PHILOSOPHY after l
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*34 THE STORY OF PHILOSOPHY indeed
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THE STORY OF PHILOSOPHY IV. THE WOR
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238 THE STORY OF PHILOSOPHY stretch
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240 THE STORY OF PHILOSOPHY stances
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242 THE STORY OF PHILOSOPHY The sub
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244 THE STORY OF PHILOSOPHY V. THE
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246 THE STORY OF PHILOSOPHY skeleto
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248 THE STORY OF PHILOSOPHY for but
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250 THE STORY OF PHILOSOPHY and the
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THE STORY OF PHILOSOPHY 2. GEXIUS T
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2 54 THE STORY OF PHILOSOPHY to the
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THE STORY OF PHILOSOPHY tion of the
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258 THE STORY OF PHILOSOPHY ment in
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26o THE STORY OF PHILOSOPHY He advi
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THE STORY OF PHILOSOPHY of escape a
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264 THE STORY OF PHILOSOPHY dilatio
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266 THE STORY OF PHILOSOPHY appeare
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268 THE STORY OF PHILOSOPHY idea to
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270 THE STORY OF PHILOSOPHY orderli
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THE STORY OF PHILOSOPHY 272 came in
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274 THE STORY OF PHILOSOPHY publica
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276 THE STORY OF PHILOSOPHY relativ
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S 7 8 THE STORY OF PHILOSOPHY cause
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s8o THE STORY OF PHILOSOPHY but in
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THE STORY OF PHILOSOPHY a theory of
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THE STORY OF PHILOSOPHY 284 tory, l
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THE STORY OF PHILOSOPHY unbaptized
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288 THE STORY OF PHILOSOPHY form an
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2 go THE STORY OF PHILOSOPHY Huxley
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292 THE STORY OF PHILOSOPHY externa
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THE STORY OF PHILOSOPHY 294 women t
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296 THE STORY OF PHILOSOPHY taken f
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HERBERT SPENCER 299 to the Post Off
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CHAPTER IX Friedrich .Nietzsche I.
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FRIEDRICH NIETZSCHE 303 the househo
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FRIEDRIGH NIETZSCHE 305 drama and p
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FRIEDRIGH NIETZSCHE 307 "the unerri
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FRIEDRIGH NIETZSCHE 309 overspread
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FRIEDRICH NIETZSCHE 3n The titles o
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FRIEDRIGH NIETZSCHE 313 in Zarathus
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FRIEDRICH NIETZSCHE 315 He gathered
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FRIEDRICH NIETZSCHE 317 pity or rem
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FRIEDRICH NIETZSCHE 319 the whole i
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FRIEDRICH NIETZSCHE 321 for which o
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FRIEDRICH NIETZSCHE 323 conditional
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FRIEDRICH NIETZSCHE 325 Part of the
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FRIEDRICH NIETZSCHE 327 in peace. W
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FRIEDRICH NIETZSCHE 329 too far in
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FRIEDRICH NIETZSCHE 331 ruined less
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FRIEDRICH NIETZSCHE 333 intermarria
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FRIEDRICH NIETZSCHE 335 generous wo
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EUROPEAN PHILOSOPHERS 337 of life m
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EUROPEAN PHILOSOPHERS 339 choice. "
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EUROPEAN PHILOSOPHERS 341 motion an
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EUROPEAN PHILOSOPHERS 343 around ou
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EUROPEAN PHILOSOPHERS 345 that the
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EUROPEAN PHILOSOPHERS 347 whole of
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EUROPEAN PHILOSOPHERS 349 in which
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EUROPEAN PHILOSOPHERS 351 doxy and
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EUROPEAN PHILOSOPHERS 353 a beacon-
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EUROPEAN PHILOSOPHERS 355 presents
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EUROPEAN PHILOSOPHERS 357 beautiful
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EUROPEAN PHILOSOPHERS 359 He was re
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EUROPEAN PHILOSOPHERS 361 though he
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EUROPEAN PHILOSOPHERS 363 of school
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CHAPTER XI Contemporary American Ph
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AMERICAN PHILOSOPHERS 367 haste of
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AMERICAN PHILOSOPHERS 369 foundatio
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AMERICAN PHILOSOPHERS 371 ogy gradu
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AMERICAN PHILOSOPHERS 373 Santayana
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AMERICAN PHILOSOPHERS 375 him while
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AMERICAN PHILOSOPHERS 377 ruled by
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AMERICAN PHILOSOPHERS 379 racy and
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AMERICAN PHILOSOPHERS 381 soul has
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AMERICAN PHILOSOPHERS 383 of the En
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AMERICAN PHILOSOPHERS 385 must not
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AMERICAN PHILOSOPHERS 387 it would
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AMERICAN PHILOSOPHERS 389 nonsense
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AMERICAN PHILOSOPHERS 39I the instr
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AMERICAN PHILOSOPHERS 393 powerful
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AMERICAN PHILOSOPHERS 395 The exper
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CONCLUSION 397 disturbed and unbala
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400 GLOSSARY Hedonism: the doctrine
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Bibliography Diogenes Lacrtius: Liv
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Abelard, 73 Abrahams, I., 119 Absol
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De Stael, Mme., 189 Determinism, 14
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La Rochefoucauld, 39, 334 Law, 146,
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Royce, J., 269, 367 Rumford, Count,
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