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190 FIBRES, OR SILKEN MATERIAL OF THE PINE APPLE. to the great superiority of the fibres of these plants over cotton, flax, &c. This is particularly the case in regard to Mr. Zincke, for although he succeeded in producing some very beautiful specimens of fabric, in conformity with the foregoing specifica- tion, yet, the manufacture does not appear to make much prog- ress, chiefly on account of the inferiority in point of strength of the cloth, more especially when bleached.
CHAPTER XII. MALLOWS. CULTIVATION AND USE OF THE MALLOW AMONG THE ANCIENTS. TESTIMONY OF LATIN, GREEK, AND ATTIC WRITERS. The earliest mention of Mallows is to bo found in Job xxx. 4.—Varieties of the Mallow—Cultivation and use of the Mallow—Testimony of ancient authors Papias and Isidore's mention of Mallow cloth—Mallow cloth common in the days of Charlemagne—Mallow shawls—Mallow cloths mentioned in the Pcri- plus as exported from India to Barygaza (Baroch)—Calidasa the Indian dram- atist, who lived in the first century B. C.—His testimony—Wallich's (the In- dian botanist) account—Mantles of woven bark, mentioned in the Sacontala of Calidasa—Valcalas or Mantles of woven bark, mentioned in the Ramayana, a noted poem of ancient India—Sheets made from trees—Ctesias's testimony —Strabo's account—Testimony of Statius Cfficilius and Plautus, who lived 169 B. C. and 184 B.C.—Plautus's laughable enumeration of the analogy of trades —Beauty of garments of Amorgos mentioned by Eupolis—Clearchus's testimony—Plato mentions linen shifts—Amorgine garments first manufactured at Athens in the time of Aristophanes. The earliest mention of mallows is that given in the book of Job, in the following words. " For want and famine they were solitary : fleeing into the wilderness in former time deso- late and waste. Who cut up mallows by the bushes, and ju- nipei'-roots for their meat."—Job xxx. 4. "We find in ancient authors of a more modern date, distinct mention of three species of malvaceous plants, which are still common in the South of Europe. These are, the Common Mallow, Malva Silvestris, Linn. ; the Marsh Mallow, Althcea Officinalis, Linn. ; and the Hempleaved Mallow, Althcea Can- nabina, Linn. The Common Mallow is called by the Latin writers Malva. by the Greek MaXdî, or MoXd;^^. This plant was used for food from the earliest times. Hesi- od represents living on Mallows and asphodel as the sign of moderation, contentment, and simplicity of manners. —
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Digitized by the Internet Arciiive
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THE HISTORY OF SILK, COTTON, LINEN,
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PREFACE. History, until a recent pe
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PREFACE. Vll How many of the grande
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PREFACE. jx life from the paintings
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COINTENTS. PART FIRST. ANCIENT HIST
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CONTENTS. Xlll fiilk-worra never br
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CONTENTS. XV silk-worms of India—
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CONTENTS. Xvii Pliny's account of S
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CONTENTS. Xix PART THIRD. ANCIENT H
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CONTENTS. XXI APPENDICES APPENDIX A
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LIST OF PLATES. I. Frontispiece—C
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2 CULTIVATION AND MANUFACTURE OF va
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4 CULTIVATION AND MANUFACTURE OF fe
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6 CULTIVATION AND MANUFACTURE OF st
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: 8 CULTIVATION AND MANUFACTURE OF
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10 CULTIVATION AND MANUFACTURE OF t
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12 CULTIVATION AND MANUFACTURE OF T
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14 CULTIVATION AND MANUFACTURE OF S
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16 CULTIVATION AND MANUFACTURE OF T
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18 CULTIVATION AND MANUFACTURE OF g
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20 CULTIVATION AND MANUFACTURE OF W
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CHAPTER II. HISTORY OF THE SILK MAN
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24 CULTIVATION AND MANUFACTURE OF O
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26 CULTIVATION AND MANUFACTURE OF I
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28 CULTIVATION AND MANUFACTURE OP a
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30 CULTIVATION AND MANUFACTURE OP W
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32 CULTIVATION AND MANUFACTURE OF s
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34 CULTIVATION AND MANUFACTURE OF l
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— 36 CULTIVATION AND MANUFACTURE
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38 CULTIVATION AND MANUFACTURE OF C
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40 CULTIVATION AND MANUFACTURE, ETC
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44 CULTIVATION AND MANUFACTURE OF t
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46 CULTIVATION AND MANUFACTURE OF p
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48 CULTIVATION AND MANUFACTURE OP t
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60 CULTIVATION AND MANUFACTURE OF c
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52 CULTIVATION AND MANUFACTURE OF s
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54 CULTIVATION- AND MANUFACTURE OF
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56 CULTIVATION AND MANUFACTURE OP A
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58 CULTIVATION AND MANUFACTURE OF C
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60 CULTIVATION AND MANUFACTURE OF V
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62 CULTIVATION AND :MANUFACTURE OF
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64 CULTIVATION AND MANUFACTURE OF K
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CHAPTER IV. HISTORY OF THE SILK MAN
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82 CULTIVATION AND MANUFACTURE OP S
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CHAPTER V. SILK AND GOLDEN TEXTURES
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86 SILK AND GOLDEN TEXTURES OF THE
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CHAPTER VI. SILVER TEXTURES, &c., O
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SILVER TEXTURES, ETC., OF THE ANCIE
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SILVER TEXTURES, ETC., OF THE ANCIE
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DESCRIPTION OF THE SILK-WORM. 99 in
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DESCRIPTION OF THE SILK-WORM. 101 a
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DESCRIPTION OF THE SILK-WORM. 103 w
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DESCRIPTION OF THE SILK-WORM. 105 a
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DESCRIPTION OF THE SILK-WORM. 107 W
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DESCRIPTION OF THE SILK-WORM, 109 a
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DESCRIPTION OF THE SILK-WORM. of an
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DESCRIPTION OF THE SILK-WORM. 113 b
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DESCRIPTION OF THE SILK-WORM. 115 w
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DESCRIPTION OF THE SILK-WORM. 117 *
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Silk Wfvrm. F/air///. ( v.coaii:;,
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120 CULTIVATION AND MANUFACTURE OF
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CHINESE MODE OF REARING' SILK-WORMS
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CHINESE MODE OF REARING SILK-WORMS,
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CHTNESE MODE OF REARmO SILK-WORMS,
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CHINESE MODE OF RAISING SILK-WORMS,
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CHINESE MODE OP REARING SILK-WORMS,
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SILKEN MATERIAL OF THE SPIDER. 139
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Page 183 and 184: SILKEN MATERIAL OP THE SPIDER. 145
Page 195 and 196: SILKEN MATERIAL OP THE SPIDER, 157
Page 201 and 202: SILKEN MATERIAL OF THE SPIDER 1G3 n
Page 209 and 210: SILKEN MATERIAL OF THE SPIDER. in i
Page 211: Spider;;. Willi the processes
Page 214 and 215: CHAPTER X. FIBRES OR SILKEN MATERIA
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Page 232 and 233: 192 THE MALLOW, ITS USES BY THE ANC
Page 236 and 237: 196 THE MALLOW. ITS USES BY THE AN'
Page 238 and 239: 198 THE MALLOW, ITS USKS BY THE ANC
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Page 244 and 245: 204 SPARTUM OR SPANISH BROOM : Stil
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Page 250 and 251: 210 SPARTUM OR SPANISH BROOM : info
Page 252 and 253: 212 SPARTUM OR SPANISH BROOM : C. B
Page 254 and 255: 214 SPARTUM OR SPANISH BROOM : feed
Page 256 and 257: 216 SPARTUM OR SPANISH BROOM. The a
Page 258 and 259: ^^ 218 SHEEP BREEDING AND ^^^leê a
Page 260 and 261: 220 SHEEP BREEDING AND is given us
Page 262 and 263: ^ 222 SHEEP BREEDING AND sheep of S
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Page 268 and 269: 228 SHEEP BREEDING AND sheep were h
Page 270 and 271: 230 SHEEP BREEDING AND "Anciently M
Page 272 and 273: 232 SHEEP BREEDING AND are among th
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240 SHEEP BREEDING AND the principa
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242 SHEEP BREEDING AND Warbling wit
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244 SHEEP BREEDING AND Time has spa
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246 §HEEP BREEDING AND at the base
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248 SHEEP BREEDING AND ceeding ages
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250 SHEEP BREEDING AND Minerva, who
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252 SHEEP BREEDING AND natural feat
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254 SHEEP BREEDING AND of remark, t
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CHAPTER II. SHEEP-BREEDING AND PAST
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258 SHEEP BREEDING AND " I will set
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260 SHEEP BREEDING AND for the nymp
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262 SHEEP BREEDING AND which they w
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264 SHEEP BREEDING AND the comparis
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266 SHEEP BREEDING AND pretence dro
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268 SHEEP BREEDING AND Taientine, b
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270 SHEEP BREEDING AND Sybaris, bla
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272 SHEEP BREEDING AND Did thy wool
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274 SHEEP BREEDING AND Scutana, whi
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27G SHEEP BREEDING AND and clothier
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278 SHEEP BREEDING AND The reader w
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280 SHEEP BREEDING AND impression,
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CHAPTER III. SHEEP BREEDING AND PAS
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284 SHEEP BREEDING AND in the most
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286 SHEEP BREEDING AND colored brow
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288 SHEEP BREEDING AND have been al
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290 SHEEP BREEDING AND The customs
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292 SHEEP BREEDING AND expressions
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294 ANCIENT HISTORY OF THE GOAT. of
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296 ANCIENT HISTORY OF THE GOAT. th
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298 AXCIEXT HISTORY OF THE GOAT. he
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300 ANCIEXT HISTORY OF THE GOAT. sa
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302 ANCIENT HISTORY OF THE GOAT. mi
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304 ANCIENT HISTORY OF THE GOAT. ha
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306 ANCIENT HISTORY OF THE GOAT. pu
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308 ANCIENT HISTORY OF THE GOAT. of
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310 BEAVERS-WOOL. " An upper garmen
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CHAPTER VI. CAMELS-WOOL AND CAMELS-
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314 CAMELS'-WOOL AND CAMELs'-HAIR.
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;^ ^
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316 THE COTTON MANUFACTURE. ton, an
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318 THE COTTON MANUFACTURE. in the
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320 THE COTTON MANUFACTURE. Also th
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322 THE COTTON MANUFACTURE. the Kal
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324 THE COTTOX MANUFACTURE. been al
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326 THE COTTON MANUFACTURE. Tenuai
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328 THE COTTON MANUFACTURE. There a
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330 THE COTTON MANUFACTURE. preciou
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332 THE COTTON MANUFACTURE. . color
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334 ANCIENT HISTORY OF and almost i
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'^'^'* ANCIENT HISTORY OF ^Ve or th
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338 ANCIENT HISTORY OF Mr. Ralph Fi
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340 ANCIENT HISTORY OF assemblage o
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342 ANCIENT HISTORY OF fingers dry
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344 ANCIENT HISTORY OP and cleaning
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346 ANCIENT HISTORY OF bodily exert
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— 348 ANCIENT HISTORY OF publishe
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— 350 ANCIENT HISTORY OF ED THE R
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352 ANCIENT HISTORY OF " That the f
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354 ANCIENT HISTORY OP replace it h
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356 ANCIENT HISTORY OP COMPARATIVE
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PART FOURTH. ANCIENT HISTORY OF THE
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360 ANCIENT HISTORY OF Stiabo, Pano
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362 A^-CIENT history of he had an o
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364 ANCIENT HISTORY OF in the banda
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366 ANCIENT HISTORY OF companied th
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368 AK^CIENT HISTORY OF linen only,
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370 ANCIENT HISTORY OP planation. T
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372 ANCIENT HISTORY OF Ptolemy Epip
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374 ANCIENT HISTORY OF Pollux and s
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376 ANCIENT HISTORY OF general appl
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378 ANCIENT HISTORY OF produced, i.
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380 ANCIENT HISTORY OP Palestine, a
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382 ANCIENT HISTORY OF Lam. ii. 20,
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384 ANCIENT HISTORY OF Setabis et t
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386 ANCIENT HISTORY OF THE LINEN MA
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388 CULTIVATION AND USES OF horses,
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390 CULTIVATION AND USES OF 2. The
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CHAPTER HI. ASBESTOS. Uses of Asbes
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394 USES OF ASBESTOS, dant qu'il le
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396 USES OF ASBESTOS. Great Khan. I
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398 USES OF ASBESTOS. The monks on
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The annexed Map (Plate VII.) is des
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402 ON pliny's natural history. and
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404 ON THE ORIGIN AND MANUFACTURE O
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414 MANUFACTURE AND USE OF APPENDIX
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416 MANUFACTURE AND USE OF the cold
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418 MANUFACTURE AND USE OF 0aKTpov,
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420 MANUFACTURE AND USE OF This obs
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422 MANUFACTVRE AND USE OP leus fro
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424 MANUFACTURE AND USE OF sian cap
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426 MANUFACTURE AND USE OF done in
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428 MANUFACTURE AND USE OF Callimac
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430 MANUFACTURE AND USE OP worn by
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432 MANUFACTURE AND USE OF monly wo
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434 MANUFACTURE AND USE OF the fanc
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436 MANUFACTURE AND USE OF APPENDIX
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438 MANUFACTURE AND USE OF the wild
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440 MANUFACTURE AND USE OF At puer
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442 MANUFACTURE AND USE OF riarij w
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444 MANUFACTURE AND USE OF that the
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446 MANUFACTURE AND USE OF net cons
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44S MANUFACTURE AND USE OF been abo
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450 MANUFACTURE AND USE OF Lydians
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452 MANUFACTURE AND USE OF The foll
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454 MANUFACTURE AND USE OF both the
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456 MANUFACTURE AND tSE OP Let this
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458 MANUFACTURE AND USE OF viii. 12
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460 MANUFACTURE AND USE OP full of
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462 MANUFACTURE AND USE OF taken al
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464 MANUFACTURE AND USE OF NETS BY
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