The history of silk, cotton, linen, wool, and other fibrous ... - Cd3wd.com

328 THE COTTON MANUFACTURE.
There are also Bj-ssina ; and Byssus, a kind of flax. But among the Indians,
and now also among the Egyptians, a sort of wool is obtained from a tree. The
cloth made from this wool may be compared to linen, except that it is thicker.
The tree produces a fruit most nearly resembling a walnut, but three-clefl.
After the outer covering, which is like a walnut, has divided and become dry, the
substance resembling wool is extracted and is used in the manufacture of cloth
for woof, the warp being linen.
The description here given of the Cotton Tree or Cotton
Plant, whichever was meant, is remarkably correct ; indeed
more correct than any account obtained since the time of the
expedition of Alexander. The circumstance of the pericarp
being three-cleft is agreeable to the fact, and is not noticed by
any earlier writer. The comparison of it to a walnut in re-
gard to size and form is also accurate. From this account, and
from those of Theophrastus, Aristobulus, and Nearchus, we
gather the following particulars, which are agreeable to the
fact : that the cotton-plants are set in the plains, and in rows
like vines ; that the plant is three or four feet high, and is
branched, spreading, and flexible, like a dog-rose ; that the leaf
is palmated like that of the vine ; that the capsule is three-
valved, about the size of a walnut, and, when it bursts, emits the
cotton, resembling flocks of wool, in which the seeds are imbedded.
On the other hand, w^e have had no previous evidence re-
specting the use of cotton in the manufacture of cloth for the
woof only, and it is doubtful whether this piece of information
is correct, because we have no reason to suppose that cotton
was used for weaving in any country in whichJiax was also
spun and woven.
Tertullian in the third Chapter of his treatise De Pallio,
enumerates nearly all the raw materials which were spun for
weaving. He mentions the class of vegetable substances (cot-
ton and flax) in the following terms :
Et arbusta vestiunt, et lini herbida post virorem lavacro nivescunt.
Both thickets supply clothing ; and crops of flax, after being green, are ren-
dered by washing white as snow.
Philostratus, who wrote in the third century, makes distmct
mention of cotton in two passages*.
* Vita Appollonii, I. ii. cap. 20. Ibid. /. iii. cap. 15.