International Organization for Migration (IOM)
International Organization for Migration (IOM)
International Organization for Migration (IOM)
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Improving Access to Labour market In<strong>for</strong>mation <strong>for</strong> migrants and employers<br />
256<br />
in implementing immigration policy and developing the settlement and adaptation<br />
infrastructure. TRIEC has spawned a series of city-based employment councils<br />
that provide very useful bridging programmes and settlement services which can be<br />
tailored to meet local needs by local actors, <strong>for</strong> example. Continuing in that vein,<br />
local stakeholders are well positioned to provide advice on policy development,<br />
consult with government in new policies or current problems, and assist in delivering<br />
critical services to newcomers.<br />
In addition to local stakeholders such as TRIEC playing a critical role in the<br />
development of services, devolution to sub-national governments has also shown<br />
significant potential to improve outcomes <strong>for</strong> immigrants, even when admitting<br />
immigrants with less education on average than the federal stream, as in the case<br />
of Manitoba’s PNP. The non-profit sector has played a tremendously important<br />
role in the development of immigration policy and the delivery of vital services to<br />
immigrants.<br />
4.5. Maintain flexibility in regards to immigration policy<br />
Canada’s immigration policy has considerable flexibility with respect to both<br />
the level of immigration to Canada, and the occupations targeted by Canada’s<br />
immigration policy. Occupational targets, which were initially not included when<br />
the Immigrant and Refugee Protection Act was passed in 2002, are enshrined in<br />
ministerial instructions, which are much easier to change than legislation. This has<br />
made it relatively easy to expand and change the occupations which are targeted by<br />
the FSWP. Another source of flexibility is the PNP, which can more rapidly adapt<br />
to the needs of each province. Policy flexibility has made it significantly easier <strong>for</strong> the<br />
immigration strategy to adapt to Canada’s changing needs.<br />
References<br />
Abbot, M. and C. M. Beach<br />
2011 Do admission criteria and economic recessions affect immigrant earnings? IRPP Study No.<br />
22, November 2011. Institute <strong>for</strong> Research in Public Policy.<br />
Alboim, N.<br />
2009 Adjusting the balance: fixing Canada’s economic immigration policies. Maytree Foundation.<br />
Alboim, N. and E. McIsaac<br />
2007 Making the connections: Ottawa’s role in immigrant employment. IRPP Choice: 13(10),<br />
Institute <strong>for</strong> Research in Public Policy.<br />
Association of Canadian Community Colleges (ACCC)<br />
2010 Final Evaluation Report of the CIIP Pilot. Canadian Immigrant Integration Program, Ottawa.<br />
Available from www.newcomersuccess.ca/index.php/reports-publications?lang=en-GB.<br />
2011 Final Report of the CIIP Pilot. Canadian Immigrant Integration Program, Ottawa.<br />
Available from www.newcomersuccess.ca/index.php/reports-publications?lang=en-GB.<br />
2012 CIIP Report on Statistics: October 2010 – June 2012. Canadian Immigrant<br />
Integration Program, Ottawa. Available from www.newcomersuccess.ca/index.php/<br />
reports-publications?lang=en-GB.
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