DRAFT Australian Dietary Guidelines - Eat For Health

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444. Paynter, N.P., et al., Coffee and sweetened beverage consumption and the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus: the atherosclerosis risk in communities study. Am J Epidemiol, 2006. 164(11): p. 1075- 84. 445. Smith, B., et al., Does coffee consumption reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes in individuals with impaired glucose? Diabetes Care, 2006. 29(11): p. 2385. 446. van Dam, R.M. and F.B. Hu, Coffee consumption and risk of type 2 diabetes: a systematic review. J Am Med Assoc, 2005. 294(1): p. 97-104. 447. van Dam, R.M., et al., Coffee, caffeine, and risk of type 2 diabetes: a prospective cohort study in younger and middle-aged U.S. women. Diabetes Care, 2006. 29(2): p. 398-403. 448. Dubois, L., et al., Regular sugar-sweetened beverage consumption between meals increases risk of overweight among preschool-aged children. J Am Diet Assoc, 2007. 107(6): p. 924-934. 449. Faith, M.S., et al., Fruit juice intake predicts increased adiposity gain in children from low-income families: weight status-by-environment interaction. Pediatrics, 2006. 118(5): p. 2066-75. 450. Forshee, R.A., P.A. Anderson, and M.L. Storey, Sugar-sweetened beverages and body mass index in children and adolescents: a meta-analysis. Am J Clin Nutr, 2008. 87(6): p. 1662-1671. 451. Gibson, S., Sugar-sweetened soft drinks and obesity: a systematic review of the evidence from observational studies and interventions. Nutr Res Rev, 2008. 21(2): p. 134-147. 452. Malik, V.S., M.B. Schulze, and F.B. Hu, Intake of sugar-sweetened beverages and weight gain: a systematic review. Am J Clin Nutr, 2006. 84(2): p. 274-288. 453. Phillips, S.M., et al., Energy-dense snack food intake in adolescence: longitudinal relationship to weight and fatness. Obes Res, 2004. 12(3): p. 461-72. 454. Sichieri, R., et al., School randomised trial on prevention of excessive weight gain by discouraging students from drinking sodas. Public Health Nutr, 2009. 12(2): p. 197-202. 455. Stookey, J.D., et al., Replacing sweetened caloric beverages with drinking water is associated with lower energy intake. Obesity (Silver Spring), 2007. 15(12): p. 3013-22. 456. Tam, C.S., et al., Soft drink consumption and excess weight gain in Australian school students: results from the Nepean study. Int J Obesity, 2006. 30(7): p. 1091-3. 457. Taylor, R.W., et al., APPLE Project: 2-y findings of a community-based obesity prevention program in primary school age children. Am J Clin Nutr, 2007. 86(3): p. 735-42. DRAFT Australian Dietary Guidelines- December 2011 242
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Page 1 and 2:
Australian Dietary Guidelines Incor
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Australian Dietary Guidelines Austr
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2.4.4 Practical considerations: Lea
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1. Introduction 1.1 Why the Guideli
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income, education, cultural influen
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The Evidence Report (A review of th
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1.4 How the Guidelines were develop
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Levels of evidence in public health
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the study results were generalisabl
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Table 1.1: Changes in macronutrient
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population. NHMRC intends to work w
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Figure 1.2: Australian Guide to Hea
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Executive Summary Dietary patterns
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Consuming a wide variety of foods m
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varieties within each food group, f
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2.1.4.6 People in lower socioeconom
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vegetable intake and cancer has foc
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Endometrial, Ovarian and pancreatic
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2.2.3.2 Cancer Colorectal cancer: E
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2.2.4.2 Cancer Alimentary tract can
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2.2.5.2 Cancer mechanisms There is
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Table 2.1: Recommended number of se
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increasing appetites. Unless prescr
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2.3.2.1 Cardiovascular disease, typ
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Table 2.3: Recommended number of se
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2.4 Lean meat and poultry, fish, eg
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interpret because of widely varying
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2.4.2.3.1 Fish: Cardiovascular dise
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Smoked, salted and chemically prese
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Depending on age and sex, health be
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2.4.4.6 Vegetarians For several nut
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Evidence Statement Grade Consumptio
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2.5.3 How drinking milk and eating
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2.5.4.1 Pregnant and breastfeeding
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the recent review [14]. Many common
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2.6.2.3 Other conditions Dental car
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Where to next Both the quality and
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Executive summary This Guideline em
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3.1.2 The evidence for ‘limiting
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In the longer term, the review cond
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The P:M:S ratio is a useful tool in
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3.2.2 The evidence for ‘limiting
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3.2.3 How limiting intake of foods
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3.2.4.4 Older people Taste percepti
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No large studies have measured the
Page 91 and 92:
Excess weight: Many foods containin
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etter health outcomes than those wh
Page 95 and 96:
Evidence Statement Grade Consumptio
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Dementia: The evidence suggests an
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Drinking coffee, having a cold show
Page 101 and 102:
In the absence of any research to q
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Executive summary Healthy weight is
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prevalence of obesity alone is high
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Compared to having a BMI between 18
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4.1.3.2 Energy intake and trend dat
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4.1.3.4 Energy intake from specific
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4.1.4.2 Benefits of physical activi
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4.2.1 Primary prevention Diet and p
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and consistent evidence that dietar
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4.2.2 Secondary prevention Behaviou
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Table 4.4 A stepped model for the m
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Taller or larger and more active ad
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Table 4.5 2010 Institute of Medicin
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For older, taller or more active ch
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Most older people will benefit from
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5. Encourage and support breastfeed
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5.1 Setting the scene The World Hea
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Evidence Statement Grade Exclusive
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Table 5.1 Factors associated with d
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5.2.4 Other benefits Sudden Infant
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5.3.1.3 Mothers in the workplace Ev
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5.3.1.3 Community support The succe
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Executive summary More than five mi
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[929]. Fresh fruit and vegetables c
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contamination (see above) avoided.
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1989 - 1995 Composition of Foods, A
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2001 Eat Well Australia: An Agenda
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2011 A Review of the Evidence to Ad
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Professor Dorothy Mackerras Dr Dav
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Level III-2 - A comparative study w
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food options to meet additional ene
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Appendix 3. Assessing growth and he
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Table A3.1 International BMI cut-of
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A3.1.6 Z-scores and percentiles: Co
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Appendix 4. Physical activity guide
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Suggested activities include: mode
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Appendix 5. Studies examining the h
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that further specific studies are r
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Table A6.2 Energy and alcohol conte
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The economic, social and cultural f
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A diet consistent with the Guidelin
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In other more recent studies, highe
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A7.4 Aboriginal and Torres Strait I
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A7.4.3.2. Aboriginal people living
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Mortality rates for people born ove
Page 191 and 192: Appendix 8: Glossary Adequate Intak
Page 193 and 194: Carbohydrates Carbohydrates are pol
Page 195 and 196: Exclusive breastfeeding Means an in
Page 197 and 198: Legume/Beans Refers to all forms of
Page 199 and 200: Older adults For the purposes of th
Page 201 and 202: Reduced fat products For a food to
Page 203 and 204: celery and asparagus), gourd vegeta
Page 205 and 206: Evidence Statement Grade Fruit Cons
Page 207 and 208: Table A9.2: Evidence statements (Gr
Page 209 and 210: References 1. Rayner, M. and P. Sca
Page 211 and 212: 27. Wilkinson, R. and M. Marmot, So
Page 213 and 214: 54. Hawkins, S.S., T.J. Cole, and C
Page 215 and 216: 81. Hesketh, K., M. Wake, and E. Wa
Page 217 and 218: 107. McCullough, M.L., et al., Diet
Page 219 and 220: 135. Brimblecombe, J.K. and K. O’
Page 221 and 222: 162. Kreimer, A.R., et al., Diet an
Page 223 and 224: 189. Ward, H.A., et al., Breast, co
Page 225 and 226: 216. Paolini, M., et al., Beta-caro
Page 227 and 228: 244. Kelly, S.A., et al., Wholegrai
Page 229 and 230: 270. Williams, P.G., et al., Cereal
Page 231 and 232: 297. Garcia-Closas, R., et al., Foo
Page 233 and 234: 324. Maclean, C.H., et al., Effects
Page 235 and 236: 349. Vander Wal, J.S., et al., Egg
Page 237 and 238: 376. Elwood, P.C., et al., The surv
Page 239 and 240: 404. Javaid, M.K., et al., Maternal
Page 241: 430. Lagiou, P., et al., Intake of
Page 245 and 246: 486. Lopez-Ridaura, R., et al., Mag
Page 247 and 248: 512. Kratz, M., et al., The impact
Page 249 and 250: 537. Daniels, S.R. and F.R. Greer,
Page 251 and 252: 562. Cook, N.R., et al., Joint effe
Page 253 and 254: 588. Burt, B.A., et al., The effect
Page 255 and 256: 615. Ronksley, P.E., et al., Associ
Page 257 and 258: 642. Purdue, M.P., et al., Type of
Page 259 and 260: 669. Arntzen, K., et al., Moderate
Page 261 and 262: 696. Rokholm, B., J.L. Baker, and T
Page 263 and 264: 724. Bensimhon, D.R., W.E. Kraus, a
Page 265 and 266: 750. Centre for Epidemiology and Re
Page 267 and 268: 776. Monasta, L., et al., Early-lif
Page 269 and 270: 803. Prentice, A.M. and S.A. Jebb,
Page 271 and 272: 830. Callaway, L.K., et al., The pr
Page 273 and 274: 857. Australian Institute of Health
Page 275 and 276: 885. Demmelmair, H., J. von Rosen,
Page 277 and 278: 911. Duong, D.V., C.W. Binns, and A
Page 279 and 280: 940. Cashel K, L.J., NUTTAB89-Nutri
Page 281 and 282: http://www.health.gov.au/internet/m
Page 283 and 284: 995. Atlantis, E., E.H. Barnes, and
Page 285 and 286: 1021. Australian Bureau of Statisti
Page 287 and 288: 1049. Altman, J., Hunter-gatherers
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